Morphotectonic Evolution of Selçuk Graben in Development Process of Western Anatolian Grabens

Abstract

The Selçuk Graben is the name given to the young graben developed in the western tip of the Küçük Menderes graben. It was a part of the main graben until a strike-slip fault zone cut and displaced it to the southwest during late Quaternary. From this time onward, it has had a semi-independent evolution. In the horsts bordering the graben, metamorphic basement rocks crop out. The fill of the graben consists of alluvium from the Küçük Menderes River. The Selçuk Graben is an asymmetrical graben. The bordering southern horst is more prominent than the northern one, where the normal faults form clear fault steps. Morphologically, the less distinct northern faults may thus be interpreted as antithetic faults, which have developed on the hanging wall of the major listric normal faults of the southern horst. The graben and the bordering horst were cut and displaced by several young strike-slip faults, which have made clear imprints in the morphology, including linear ridges, offset streams, etc. In the development sequence of Western Anatolian grabens, the Selçuk Graben is one of the latest ones. The Küçük Menderes Graben was opened earlier, during the Quaternary. It was located on the horst separating the Büyük Menderes and Gediz grabens in this period. The elevated horst then collapsed. The Selçuk Graben was situated at the western end of the Küçük Menderes Graben during this period. Later, with the development of NW trending left-lateral strike-slip faults, together with conjugated faults along the coastal region of western Anatolia, the Selçuk Graben was separated from the Küçük Menderes Graben and has since evolved semi-independently.

Keywords

• western anatolian grabens
• morphotectonic evolution
• Küçük Menderes Graben
• Selçuk Graben

Batı Anadolu Grabenlerinin Gelişim Süreci İçinde Selçuk Grabeni’nin Morfotektonik Evrimi / Morphotectonic Evolution of Selçuk Graben in Development Process of Western Anatolian Grabens

Abstract

Küçük Menderes Grabeni’nin batı ucunda yer alan ancak ondan sol yönlü doğrultu atımlı faylarla kesilip güneybatıya atılmış olan grabene bu çalışmada Selçuk Grabeni adı verilmiştir. Çünkü bu graben ana grabenden ileri evrelerde önemli farklılıklar geçirmiştir. Grabeni sınırlayan horstlarda metamorfik temel kayaları mostra vermektedir. Dolgusu ise Küçük Menderes Nehri’nin alüvyonundan oluşmaktadır. Selçuk Grabeni asimetrik bir grabendir. Güney kanat morfolojik nitelikleriyle belirgin ve aktif kenardır. Normal faylar bu kanatta birkaç fay basamağı halindedir. Kuzey kanat, aktif kenarı oluşturan kürek biçimli ana fayın tavan blokunda gelişmiş, antitetik faylar olarak yorumlanabilir. Grabeni az çok uzanımına verev birçok doğrultu atımlı fay kesmiştir. Genç yapısal ögeler graben ve yakın çevrenin morfolojisindeki izleriyle tanınmaktadır. Batı Anadolu’nun morfotektonik gelişim süreci içinde Selçuk Grabeni en geç gelişen grabenlerdendir. Küçük Menderes Grabeni, üzerinde yer aldığı horstun, Kuvaterner’de önce yükselip daha sonra çökmesi döneminde açılmıştır. Bu dönemde Selçuk Grabeni ana grabenin batıdaki uzanımında yer almıştır. Daha sonra özellikle sahil bölgelerinin morfotektoniğini büyük ölçüde değiştiren KKB doğrultulu sol yönlü doğrultu atımlı faylar ve bunlarla eşzamanlı fay çiftlerinin gelişmesiyle Küçük Menderes Grabeni’nden ayrılarak güneybatı yönünde ötelenmiş ve Küçük Menderes’le olan doğrudan bağlantısı kopmuştur. Geç Kuvaterner’de gelişmiş olan bu evreden sonra gelişimini bağımsız bir graben olarak sürdürmektedir.

Keywords

• Batı Anadolu Grabenleri
• Morfotektonik evrim
• Küçük Menders Grabeni
• Selçuk Grabeni

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