Seismic Assessment of Electrical Equipment in Power Substations: A Case Study for Circuit Breakers

Year 2024, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 49 - 68, 01.07.2024

Kaan Kaatsız , Fırat Soner Alıcı , Murat Altuğ Erberik

https://doi.org/10.18400/tjce.1241107

Abstract

Electric power is essential in post-earthquake periods for the continuous functionality of disaster management and emergency services. In addition, interruption of electric power can cause significant economic losses due to downtime of critical facilities. Therefore, it is very important to maintain seismic safety of electric power systems and components. There are existing seismic regulations and standards regarding electric power systems, especially in the United States of America (USA) and Europe. A similar regulation has been prepared recently in Türkiye, which is a country in a seismically active region. This study focuses on the current state of practice regarding the seismic assessment of electrical equipment in power stations and implementation of the regulations on seismic qualification of these systems. Among many electrical equipment, circuit breakers have been selected for case study. The seismic assessment of the selected high voltage equipment has been performed according to the new regulation under the seismic hazard specifically defined for Türkiye. The case study experiment presents the new methodology in evaluating and classifying the seismic response of high voltage electrical equipment and provides insight to the expected behaviour of circuit breakers under earthquake induced action.

Keywords

seismic assessment, electrical equipment, power station, circuit breaker, seismic qualification

References

• Schiff, A., Guide to improved earthquake performance of electrical power systems, Rep. No. NIST GCR 98-757, National Institute for Standards and Testing, Washington, DC, USA, 1998.
• MCEER. The Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake of September 21, 1999: Reconnaissance Report. Rep. No. MCEER 00-0003. Eds: Lee, G.C. and Loh, C.H. Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, New York, USA, 2000.
• Fujisaki, E., Takhirov, S., Xie, Q., Mosalam, K.M. Seismic vulnerability of power supply: Lessons learned from recent earthquakes and future horizons research. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Structural Dynamics (EURODYN 2014), 30 June- 2 July, Porto, Portugal, 2014.
• Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering (TCLEE). Chile Earthquake of 2010: Lifeline Performance, TCLEE Monograph No. 36. Eds: Tang, A.K. and Eidinger, J.M. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, 2013.
• Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering (TCLEE). Christchurch, New Zealand Earthquake Sequence of Mw 7.1 September 04, 2010, Mw 6.3 February 22, 2011, Mw 6.0 June 13, 2011: Lifeline Performance. TCLEE Monograph No. 40. Eds: Eidinger, J.M. and Tang, A.K. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, 2012.
• O’Rourke, T.D., Erdogan, F.H., Savage, W.U., Lund, L.V., Tang, A., Water, gas, electric power and telecommunications performance – 1999 Kocaeli earthquake. Earthquake Spectra 16(S1), 377-402, 2000.
• MCEER. The Marmara Turkey Earthquake of August 17, 1999: Reconnaissance Report. Rep. No. MCEER 00-0001, Ed: Scawthorn C. Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, New York, USA, 2000.
• Uckan, E. Lifeline Damage Caused in the 23 October (Mw=7.2) 2011 and 9 November (M=5.6) 2011, Van Earthquakes in Eastern Turkey. Sixth China-Japan-US Trilateral Symposium on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering, 28 May -1 June, Chengdu, China, 2013.
• Huvaj, N., Kalpakçı, V., Öztürk, Ş., Duman, T.Y., Baran, E., Kılıç, B.T., Uysal, A.S., Dalkılıç, E., Dalkılıç, S., Investigation of High Voltage Electricity Transmission Lines for Earthquake and Landslide Aspects Following the February 6, 2023 Earthquakes. TUBİTAK Earthquake Studies Virtual Conference, 30 March, Ankara, Türkiye, 2023.
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Recommended practice for seismic design of substations, Standard No: IEEE-693-2018, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2018.
• General Directorate of Highways. Sector B2-B3: Distribution Facilities and Systems. Electricity Power Transmission and Telecommunication Systems. Technical Report prepared by Yuksel Project and submitted to Turkish Republic Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure General Directorate of Highways Department of Structures, Ankara Türkiye, 2019.
• Sucuoglu, H., Erberik, M.A., Kaatsiz, K., Alici, F.S. Seismic Assessment of Electric Transmission Systems. Sixth International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Gebze, Kocaeli, Türkiye, 2021.
• Eidinger, J. Wenchuan earthquake impact to power systems. Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Conference (TCLEE), 28 June- 1 July, Oakland, California, USA, 2009.
• Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency, AFAD (2018). Turkish Building Seismic Code, TBSC-18. Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Interior, Ankara Türkiye.
• International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 300: Seismic qualification of alternating current circuit-breakers, Standard No: IEC62271-300:2006, International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva, Switzerland, 2006.
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Recommended practice for seismic design of substations, Standard No: IEEE-693-2005, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2005.
• Structural Engineering Institute (SEI). Substation Structure Design Guide. ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No 113. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, 2007.
• Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering (TCLEE). Guide to Improved Earthquake Performance of Electric Power Systems. ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No 96. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, 1999.
• Guideline to Design, Calculation and Construction Principles of Steel Structures. Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, Ankara, Türkiye, 2018.
• Aluminum Design Manual. The Aluminum Association, Arlington, Washington, 2020