Çam ağaçlarından izole edilen endofitik fungusların Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel’e karşı antagonistik etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Year 2024, , 249 - 257, 30.09.2024

Refika Ceyda Beram , Mohammad Rahim Bıkzad

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1440664

Abstract

Diplodia sapinea, Ascomycota’ya ait endofitik bir fungustur ve genellikle iğne yapraklı ağaçlarda bulunur. Bu fungus genellikle endofit olarak varlık gösterse de, iklim değişikliğinin neden olduğu kuraklık gibi abiyotik stres faktörleri altında fırsatçı bir patojene dönüşebilmektedir. Fungus, iğne yaprakların üzerindeki stomalar veya yaralı dokular aracılığıyla konukçusuna girmekte ve Diplodia sürgün yanıklığı olarak bilinen bir hastalığa yol açmaktadır. Bu hastalık, fidanlıklar, plantasyon alanları, doğal ormanlar ve kentsel ağaçlar gibi çeşitli ortamlardaki ağaçları etkilemektedir. Son yıllarda D. sapinea'nın Avrupa’da yaygınlığı önemli ölçüde artmış olup, dünya genelinde halen yerleşik ve etkili bir kontrol yöntemi bulunmamaktadır. Bu soruna yanıt olarak, antagonist organizmalar kullanılarak yapılan biyolojik mücadele yöntemi, Diplodia sürgün kurumasına karşı umut verici bir alternatif olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı çam ağacı dokularından izole edilen endofitik fungusların, Pinus halepensis ve Pinus brutia'dan elde edilen D. sapinea izolatlarına karşı in vitro koşullarda antagonistik aktivitelerinin değerlendirilmesidir. İzolatların teşhisleri hem morfolojik hem de moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu izolatların D. sapinea izolatları ile olan etkileşimlerini değerlendirmek amacıyla fungal inhibisyon testleri yapılmıştır. Test sonuçları, Trichoderma sp. ve Sydowia polyspora da dahil olmak üzere 15 fungusun in-vitro olarak D. sapinea'nın gelişimini inhibe etme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Antagonizm, Biyolojik mücadele, Diplodia sürgün yanıklığı, Endofitik fungus, Türkiye

Project Number

Pamukkale University BAP department (Project no: 2021FEBE020)

Thanks

The authors are thankful to Pamukkale University BAP department (Project no: 2021FEBE020) for their financial support.

Antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from pines against Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckel

Abstract

Diplodia sapinea, an endophytic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota, is commonly found on coniferous trees. While it typically exists as an endophyte, it can transform into an opportunistic pathogen under abiotic stress factors such as drought induced by climate change. The fungus enters the host through stomata on needles or via injured tissues, causing a disease known as Diplodia tip blight. This disease affects trees in various environments, including nurseries, plantation areas, natural forests, and urban trees. The prevalence of D. sapinea has significantly increased in Europe in recent years, and there is currently no established and effective control method worldwide. In response to this challenge, biological control method utilizing antagonist organisms have emerged as a promising alternative to combat Diplodia tip blight. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antagonistic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from different pine tree tissues against D. sapinea isolates obtained from Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia under in vitro conditions. Identification of the isolates was carried out using both morphological and molecular methods. Fungal inhibition tests were conducted to assess the interaction between these isolates and D. sapinea isolates. The results of the tests revealed that 15 fungi, including Trichoderma sp. and Sydowia polyspora, demonstrated the potential to inhibit the growth of D. sapinea in vitro.

Keywords

Antagonism, Biological control, Diplodia tip blight, Fungal endophyte, Türkiye

Project Number

Pamukkale University BAP department (Project no: 2021FEBE020)

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