Türkiye ağaç, ağaç ürünleri ve mantar üretim sektöründe iş sağlığı ve güvenliği farkındalığı

Abstract

Orman endüstri sektörü, en fazla iş kazası meydana gelen sektörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ağaç, ağaç ürünleri ve mantar imalatı grubunda yer alan işletme çalışanlarının iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konusundaki görüş farklılıkları ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Erzincan ilinde toplam 68 işletmeye yüz yüze görüşme esasına dayalı anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ankette, çalışanların demografik özellikleri ile işletmelerin bazı özellikleri temelinde, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konusunda 9 farklı görüş içeren ölçek maddelerine katılım oranlarının belirlenmesinde 5’li likert tipi derecelendirme ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, ağaç, ağaç ürünleri ve mantar imalatı sektöründe çalışanların eğitim düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve orta yaş grubunda yer aldıkları görülmüştür. Diğer yandan sektörde, makine bakım sıklıklarının çok uzun olduğu ve gerekli kişisel koruyucu ekipmanların zamanında sağlanmadığı ve temel iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ilkelerinin uygulanmasında eksiklikler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte yaş, medeni durum, çalışılan departman, işyerindeki toplam çalışma süresi, uygulanan makine bakım sıklığı, işyeri değişim sıklığı ve iş kazalarına maruz kalma değişkenlerine ilişkin çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliği hususundaki görüşleri arasında istatistiksel düzeyde anlamlı (p<0,05) farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• İş sağlığı ve güvenliği
• Kereste üretim sektörü
• Farkındalık
• Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletme

Occupational health and safety awareness in wood, wood products and mushroom production sector in Turkey

Abstract

The forest industry is one of the sectors where occupational accidents are the most common. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the differences in opinions of personnel in enterprises, which fall into Turkish wood, wood products and mushroom production group, concerning occupational health and safety. Within this framework, a questionnaire application was conducted based on face to face meeting in a total of 68 enterprises in Erzincan province. In the questionnaire, the 5-point likert rating scale was used in determination of agreement level to scale items containing 9 different opinions concerning occupational health and safety issue underlying demographic characteristics of personnel and features of enterprises. As the result of the study, it was detected that machinery maintenance frequencies are too far, necessary personal protective equipment is not supplied in time and basic occupational health and safety principle implementation has deficiencies. Besides, statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were identified between opinions of employees in relation to variances as age, marital status, department worked, total time of employment in the enterprise, machinery maintenance frequency that is applied, workplace change intervals and exposure to occupational accidents. 

Keywords

• Occupational health and safety
• Wood products sector
• Awareness
• Small and medium sized enterprise

References

1. Aaltonen, M.V.P., 1996. Occupational injuries in the finnish furniture industry. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 22(3): 197-203.
2. Akça, K.İ., 2015. Identification of risks and hazards in establishments operating wood joinery and a case study. Thesis for Occupational Health and Safety Expertise, Ministry of the Labor and Social Security, Directorate General of Occupational Health and Safety, Ankara.
3. Akyüz, K.C., Yıldırım, İ., Akyüz, İ., Ersen, N., 2019. The forest products industry in work accidents and fatal work accidents in Turkey and examining the level of European Union countries. Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Forestry Journal 20(2): 193-207.
4. Atılgan, A., Ersen, N., Peker, H., Kahraman, N., 2015. Recommendations for the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases in Turkey furniture industry. Journal of Selcuk-Technic UMDK Special Issue: 664-683.
5. Aydın, A., Tiryaki, S., Üçüncü, K., Yıldırım, İ., 2015. The perception of workplace security climate in forest products industry. Suleyman Demirel University Journal of Engineering Sciences and Design, 3(3): 205-212.
6. Baş, T., 2006. How to Prepare Implement, Evaluate Survey?. Seçkin Publishing, 4th Edition, Ankara.
7. Büyüköztürk, Ş., 2006. Data Analysis Handbook. Pegem Akademi Publishing, 6. Edition, Ankara.
8. ÇSGB, 2009. Notice of list of dangerous classes related to occupational health and safety. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Labor and Social Security, 25 November 2009, Official Gazette Issue: 27417.

9. Dirican, R., Bilgel, N., 1993. Public Health (Community Medicine). Uludag University Faculty of Medicine Publications, Bursa.
10. Dwyer, T., Raftery, A.E., 1991. Industrial accidents are produced by social relationships of work: A sociological theory of ındustrial accidents. Applied Ergonomics, 22(3): 167-178.
11. Eğinli, A.T., 2009. Job satisfaction in employees: An investigation toward job satisfaction of public and private sector employees. Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 23(3): 35-52.
12. Gedik, T., İlhan, A., 2014. A study on occupational health and safety in furniture manufacturers in Sakarya province. SDU Faculty of Forestry Journal, 15: 123-129.
13. Graveling, R., 2011. Occupational health and safety risks for the most vulnerable workers. European Parliament’s Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, Brussels, European Parliament web page, (https://eige.europa.eu/docs/2024_IPOL-EMPL_ET(2011) 464436_EN.pdf), Accessed: 28.04.2018.
14. Güler, Z., 2015. Occupational health and safety risks and measures implemented for the most vulnerable workers. Labour World Maga, 2: 117-134.
15. HSE, 2002. Hazardous Substances. Health and Safety Executive (HSE) web page, http://www.hse.gov.uk/woodworking/ hazard.htm, Accessed: 25.04.2018.
16. ILO, 2015. Investigation of occupational accidents and diseases. International Labour Organization web page, http://www.ilo.org/labadmin/info/pubs/WCMS_346714/lang--en/index.htm, Acccessed: 28.04.2018.
17. ILO, 2018. International newsletter on occupatıonal health and safety. International Labour Organization web page, http://www.ilo.org/safework/info/publications/WCMS_616129 /lang--en/index.htm, Accessed: 25.04.2018.
18. Kalaycı, Ş., 2010. SPSS, Applied Multivariate Statistical Techniques. Asil Publishing, 5th edition, Ankara.
19. Kepir, H., 1983. Human factors and training in work accident, work accidents seminar reports with various dimensions and solution proposals. MPM Publishing, 284: 96-104.
20. Kürklü, G., Gürhan, G., Burgan, H.İ., 2013. Effect of noise in working life and evaluation in terms of construction technologies education. SDU International Technologic Science, 5: 22-35.
21. Ma, W.S.A., Wang, M.J.J., Chou, F.S., 1991. Evaluating the mechanical injury problem in the wood-bamboo furniture manufacturing industry. International journal of industrial ergonomics, 7(4): 347-55.
22. Ofluoğlu, G., Albar, B.Ö., 2017. Ageing labour-occupational health and safety problems and suggested solutions. HAK-İŞ International Journal of Labour and Society 6(15): 335-360.
23. SGK, 2018. T.C. Social security institution statistics 2014-2016 annual statistics. http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/tr/ kurumsal/istatistikler, Accessed: 07.06.2018.
24. SGK, 2016. Work accidents and occupational diseases statistics. Republic of Turkey Social Security Institution. http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/kurumsal/istatistik/ sgk_istatistik_yilliklari, Accessed: 05.06.2018.
25. Tankut, A.N., Kurban, H., Melemez, K., 2014. Investigation on ergonomics effect of wood dust in forest produces enterprises. in II. National Mediterranean Forestry and Environment Symposium, 22-24 October, Isparta, Turkey, pp.785-794.
26. Tavşancıl, E., 2014. Measuring Attitudes and Data Analysis With SPSS. 5th Edition. Nobel Publishing, Ankara.
27. Turan, G., 2013. Assesment of major environmental effects encountered in furniture production processes in terms of labour health. MSc. Thesis, Namık Kemal University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Tekirdağ.
28. Uysal, B., Özçifçi, A., Kurt, Ş., 2005. Analysis of industrial accidents occured in small and medium-sized furniture manufacturing firms in Turkey. G.U. Journal of Science, 18(3): 439-451.
29. Yazıcıoğlu, Y., Erdoğan, S., 2004. SPSS Applied Scientific Research Methods. Detail Publishing, Ankara.
30. Yıldırım, İ., Akyüz, K.C., Akyüz, İ., Alevli, C., 2015. Determination of work satisfaction levels and work safety perception for the employees of furniture industry. Journal of Selcuk-Technic Online, 1(Special Issue): 171-184.
31. Yıldırım, İ., Akyüz, K., Akyüz, İ., Ersen, N., 2018. Investigation of employee perception towards occupational health and safety in forest products industry sector. Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Forestry Journal, 19(2): 154-166.