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Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti

Year 2019, Volume: 20 Issue: 4, 324 - 332, 27.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.588976

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Sakarya, Kocaeli, Yalova, Bursa, İstanbul, Kırklareli ve Edirne illerine bağlı, odunsu bitkilerin üretiminin yapıldığı, 13 adet devlet ve 3 adet özel fidanlıkta, fungus ve su küflerinin varlığını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, adı geçen fidanlıklarda yetiştirilmekte olan orman ağacı fidanları incelenmiş, geriye doğru ölüm ve kuruma başta olmak üzere çeşitli hastalık semptomları gösteren fidanlar toprakları ile birlikte örneklenmiştir. Laboratuvar çalışmaları; mikroskobik incelemeler ve hastalıklı dokularından fungus, tüplü ve çıplak köklü fidanlara ait toprak örneklerinden de Pythiaceous türlerin izolasyonlarını kapsamıştır. Fidanlıklardan 227 adet fidan ve 79 adet toprak örneği alınmış, bunlardan, 145 adet fungal ve 57 adet Pythiaceous izolatı elde edilmiştir. İzolatlar morfolojik özelliklerine göre gruplandırılmış ve bu gruplar içerisinden seçilen temsili izolatların DNA ekstraksiyonu gerçekleştirildikten sonra, ITS bölgelerinin amplifikasyonu gerçekleştirilerek, dizilemeye gönderilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda örnekler üzerinde tespit edilen funguslar arasında, dünya çapında kavakların bilinen en yaygın patojenlerinden biri olan Marssonina brunnea, pas hastalığı etmeni, Melampsora allii-populina ve çamlarda kırmızı bant hastalığı olarak bilinen Dothistroma septosporum yer almıştır. Bitki dokularından ve topraktan izole edilen Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, Phytopythium vexans ve Phytophthora syringae yaygın ve önemli fungus ve Pythiaceous türler olarak ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu araştırma kapsamında gerçekleştirilen sürveyler ve laboratuvar çalışmaları, geniş yapraklı türlerin, iğne yapraklılara, devlet fidanlıklarının da özel fidanlıklara kıyasla daha fazla fungal ve Pythiaceous türlere konukçuluk ettiğini göstermektedir. Elde edilen fungal ve Pythiaceous türlerin miktarı ve çeşitliliği, bu mikroorganizmaların, bir fidanlıktan diğerine ve hatta ağaçlandırma sahalarına taşınabilme risklerine dikkat çekmektedir.

Supporting Institution

TARIM VE ORMAN BAKANLIĞI, ORMAN GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ

Project Number

İZT–376 (3826)/2011–2014

Thanks

Bu çalışma, İZT–376 (3826)/2011–2014 “Marmara Bölgesindeki Orman Fidanlıklarında Yetiştirilen Odunsu Bitkilerdeki Fungal Etmenlerin Tespiti” adlı proje tarafından maddi olarak desteklenmiştir.

References

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  • Belbahri, L., Moralejo, E., Calmin, G., Oszako, T., Garcia, J.A., Descals, E., Lefort, F., 2006. Phytophthora polonica, a new species isolated from declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 261: 165-174.
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  • Jung, T., Downing, M., Blaschke, M., Vernon, T., 2007. Phytophthora root and collar rot of alders caused by the invasive Phytophthora alni: Actual distribution, pathways, and modelled potential distribution in Bavaria. Proceedings of the 1st International IUFRO Unit 7.03.12 Meeting: Alien Invasive Species and International Trade, 3-7th July, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 10-18.
  • Jung, T., Schumacher, J., Leonhard, S., Hartmann, G., Cech, T., 2009. Widespread Phytophthora infestations of nurseries in Germany and Austria and their role as primary pathway of Phytophthora diseases of trees. Proceedings of the fourth of IUFRO meeting: Phytophthoras in forests and natural ecosystems. Albany, CA: U.S, pp. 140-141.
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  • Lilja, A., Lilja, S., Poteri, M., Ziren, L., 1992. Conifer seedling root fungi and root dieback in finnish nurseries. Scandivian Journal of Forest Research, 7: 547-556.
  • Lilja, A., Lilja, S., Kurkela, T., Rikala, R., 1997. Nursery practices and management of fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland. A Review. Silva Fennica, 31: 79-100.
  • Lilja, A., Parikka, P., Pääskynkivi, E., Hantula, J., Vartiamaki, H., Lemmetty, A., Vestberg, M., 2006. P. cactorum and C. acutatum: survival and detection. Agriculturae Conspectus Scietitificus, 71(4): 121128.
  • Lilja, A., Rytkönen, A., Parikka, P., Kokkola, M., Hantula, J., 2007a. Alien species in Finnish nurseries, Phytophthora spp. Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica, Spec. Edition, 219-227.
  • Lilja, A., Rytkönen, A., Kokkola, M., Parikka, P., Hantula, J., 2007b. First report of Phytophthora ramorum and P. inflata in ornamental Rhododendrons. Plant Disease, 91(8): 1055.
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Fungi and water molds found on woody plants grown in the forest nurseries of the Marmara Region

Year 2019, Volume: 20 Issue: 4, 324 - 332, 27.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.588976

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the presence of fungi and water molds in 13 state and 3 private nurseries in Sakarya, Kocaeli, Yalova, Bursa, Istanbul, Kırklareli and Edirne provinces where woody plants were produced. For this purpose, the coniferous and deciduous seedlings showing various disease symptoms, especially death and drying, were sampled together with their soil. Laboratory studies included microscopic investigations and isolation of fungi from diseased tissues and isolation of Pythiaceous species from soil samples of sampled seedlings. Two hundred twenty-seven deciduous and coniferous seedlings and 79 soil samples were taken from the nurseries. Totally 145 fungal and 57 Pythiaceous isolates were obtained. The isolates were grouped into morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics, and representative isolates were identified by ITS-based DNA analysis. Marssonina brunnea, Melampsora allii-populina on poplar and Dothistroma septosporum on pine were the fungal disease agents detected based on their morphological and microscopical properties. In addition to these species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, Phytopythium vexans and Phytophthora syringae were among other important and common species identified. The surveys and laboratory studies conducted within the scope of this research showed that state nurseries host more fungal and Pythiaceous species than private nurseries. The amount and diversity of the obtained fungal and oomycete species draws attention to the risk that these microorganisms can be transported from one nursery to another and even to afforestation areas.

Project Number

İZT–376 (3826)/2011–2014

References

  • Aday Kaya, A.G., 2014. Türkiye’nin batısında yer alan orman fidanlıklarında geniş ve iğne yapraklı fidan türlerinde kök çürüklüğüne neden olan ökaryot patojenlerin belirlenmesi. Doktora tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta.
  • Agrios, G.N., 1988. Plant Pathology. Academic Press, Inc. New York.
  • Akıllı, S., Katırcıoğlu Y.Z., Maden S., 2010. Türkiye’deki bazı orman fidanlıklarında fungusların neden olduğu hastalıklar üzerinde çalışmalar. Düzce Üniversitesi, Ormancılık Dergisi, 6(2): 1-10.
  • Augspurger, C.K., 1990. Spatial patterns of damping-off diseases during seedlings recruitment in tropical forests. Pest, Pathogens and Plant Communities, 38: 131-144.
  • Balcı, Y., Halmschlager, E., 2003. Phytophthora species in oak ecosystems in Turkey and their association with declining oak trees. Plant Pathology, 52: 694-702.
  • Barbey, S., 1996. The phytosanitary protection of ornamental conifers and shrubs. Revue Horticole Suisse, 69: 120-122.
  • Belbahri, L., Moralejo, E., Calmin, G., Oszako, T., Garcia, J.A., Descals, E., Lefort, F., 2006. Phytophthora polonica, a new species isolated from declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland. FEMS Microbiology Letter, 261: 165-174.
  • Belisario, A., Cacciola, S.O., Magnano, D.S.L.G., 1997. Phytophthora cactorum on walnut seedlings in Italian nurseries. European Journal of Forest Pathology, 27: 137-146.
  • Brasier, C.M., Cooke, D.L., Duncan, J.M., 1999. Origin of a new Phytophthora pathogen through interspecific hybridization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 11 May, USA, 96(10): 5878-5883.
  • Cellerino, G.P., 1996. Present situation and prospects in the biological and integrated control of fungal diseases of forest plants. Innovations And Prospects in Plant Protection, 24-25 October, Ferrara, Italy, pp. 13-18.
  • Chin, F.H., 1995. Damping-off in some forest nurseries in Sarawak. Leaflet Forest Pathology Information Kuching, 2-7.
  • Cooke, D.E.L., Jung, T., Williams, N.A., Schubert, R., Oßwald, W., Duncan, J., 2005. Genetic diversity of european populations of the oak fine-root pathogen Phytophthora quercina. Forest Pathology, 35: 1-14.
  • El-Settawy, A.A., 1999. Diseases of the most ımportant trees growing in Egypt. Proceedings of IUFRO Meeting 7.03.03: Diseases and Insects in Forest Nurseries, 25-28 July, Suonenjaki, Finland, pp. 33.
  • Erwin, D.C., Ribeiro, O.K., 1996. Phytophthora. Diseases Worldwide. APS Press, St. Paul Minnesota.
  • Freire, F.C.O., 1996. Occurence of Cylindrocladium scoparium, Pythium splendes and Phytophthora sp. associated with death of cashew seedlings (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Brazil. Agrotropica, 8: 69-72.
  • Gallegly, M., Hong, C., 2008. Phytophthora: Identifying Species by Morphology and DNA Fingerprint. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • Hansen, E.M., Hamm, P.B., Julis, A.J., Roth, L.F., 1979. Isolation, incidence and managment of Phytophthora in forest nurseries in the pasific northwest. Plant Disease Reporter, 63: 607-611.
  • Hendrix, F.F., Campbell, W.A., 1968. Pythiaceous fungi isolated from southern forest nursery soils and their pathogenicity to pine seedlings. Forest Science, 14: 292-297.
  • Hodges, C.S., 1962. Black root rot of pine seedlings. Phytopathology, 52: 210-219.
  • Inderbitzin, P., Davis, R.M., Bostock, R.M., Subbarao, K.V., 2011. The ascomycete Verticillium longisporum is a hybrid and a plant pathogen with an expanded host range. PLoS ONE, 6: e18260.
  • James, R.L., Dumroese, R.K., Wenny, D.L., Schmidt, W.C., McDonald, K.J., 1995. Management of fungal diseases of western larch seed and seedlings. Proceedings of an International Symposium: Ecology and management of larix forests. 5-9 October, Montana, USA, pp. 300-306.
  • Jung, T., Blaschke, H., Neumann, P., 1996. Isolation, identification and pathogenicity of Phytophthora species from declining oak stands. European Journal of Forest Pathology, 26: 253- 272.
  • Jung, T., Hudler, G.W., Jensen-Tracy, S.L., Griffiths, H.M., Fleischmann,F., Oßwald, W., 2005. Involvement of Phytophthora species in the decline of european beech in Europe and the USA. Mycologist, 19: 159-166.
  • Jung, T., Downing, M., Blaschke, M., Vernon, T., 2007. Phytophthora root and collar rot of alders caused by the invasive Phytophthora alni: Actual distribution, pathways, and modelled potential distribution in Bavaria. Proceedings of the 1st International IUFRO Unit 7.03.12 Meeting: Alien Invasive Species and International Trade, 3-7th July, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 10-18.
  • Jung, T., Schumacher, J., Leonhard, S., Hartmann, G., Cech, T., 2009. Widespread Phytophthora infestations of nurseries in Germany and Austria and their role as primary pathway of Phytophthora diseases of trees. Proceedings of the fourth of IUFRO meeting: Phytophthoras in forests and natural ecosystems. Albany, CA: U.S, pp. 140-141.
  • Jung, T., Orlikowski, L., Henricot, B., Abad-Campos, P., Aday, A.G., Aguín Casal, O., Bakonyi, J., Cacciola, S.O., Cech, T., Chavarriaga, D., Corcobado, T., Cravador, A., Decourcelle, T., Denton, G., Diamandis, S., Dogmuş-Lehtijärvi, Franceschini, A., H.T., Ginetti, B., Glavendekić, M., Hantula, J., Hartmann, G., Herrero, M., Ivic, D., Horta Jung, M., Lilja, A., Keca, N., Kramarets, V., Lyubenova, A., Machado, H., Magnano di San Lio, G., Mansilla Vázquez, P.J., Marçais, B., Matsiakh, I., Milenkovic, I., Moricca, S., Nagy, Z. Á., Nechwatal, J., Olsson, C., Oszako, T., Pane, A., Paplomatas, E.J., Pintos Varela, C., Prospero, S., Rial Martínez, C., Rigling, D., Robin, C., Rytkönen, A., Sánchez, M.E., Scanu, B., Schlenzig, A., Schumacher, J., Slavov, S., Solla, A., Sousa, E., Stenlid, J., Talgø, V., Tomic, Z., Tsopelas, P., Vannini, A., Vettraino, A.M., Wenneker, M., Woodward, S., Peréz-Sierra, A., 2015. Widespread Phytophthora infestations in European nurseries put forest, semi-natural and horticultural ecosystems at high risk of Phytophthora diseases. Forest Pathology, 46(2): 134-163.
  • Khan, S.N., Mishra, B.M., Tivari, R.K., 1995. New host records of pathogenic fungi from India. Indian Journal of Forestry, 18: 89-92.
  • Lee, S.B., Taylor, J.W., 1990. Isolation of DNA from fungal mycelia and single spores. In: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications (Ed: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. and White, T.J.) Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 282-287.
  • Leslie, J.F., Summerell, B.A., 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Professional, Ames, Iowa, USA.
  • Lilja, A., Lilja, S., Poteri, M., Ziren, L., 1992. Conifer seedling root fungi and root dieback in finnish nurseries. Scandivian Journal of Forest Research, 7: 547-556.
  • Lilja, A., Lilja, S., Kurkela, T., Rikala, R., 1997. Nursery practices and management of fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland. A Review. Silva Fennica, 31: 79-100.
  • Lilja, A., Parikka, P., Pääskynkivi, E., Hantula, J., Vartiamaki, H., Lemmetty, A., Vestberg, M., 2006. P. cactorum and C. acutatum: survival and detection. Agriculturae Conspectus Scietitificus, 71(4): 121128.
  • Lilja, A., Rytkönen, A., Parikka, P., Kokkola, M., Hantula, J., 2007a. Alien species in Finnish nurseries, Phytophthora spp. Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica, Spec. Edition, 219-227.
  • Lilja, A., Rytkönen, A., Kokkola, M., Parikka, P., Hantula, J., 2007b. First report of Phytophthora ramorum and P. inflata in ornamental Rhododendrons. Plant Disease, 91(8): 1055.
  • Mehrotra, M.D., 1990. Rhizoctonia solani, a potentially dangerous pathogen of khasi pine and hardwoods in forest nurseries in India. Europena Journal of Forest Pathology, 20: 329-338.
  • Mirabolfathy, M., Ershad, D., 1996. Studies on the conifer damping-off in the forest nurseries of northern and central Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 32: 6-8.
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Orijinal Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Ayşe Aday Kaya 0000-0002-5631-6026

Hazin Cemal Gültekin This is me 0000-0003-2922-3171

Ayhan Karakaya This is me 0000-0002-9696-647X

Project Number İZT–376 (3826)/2011–2014
Publication Date December 27, 2019
Acceptance Date December 13, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 20 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Aday Kaya, A., Gültekin, H. C., & Karakaya, A. (2019). Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 20(4), 324-332. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.588976
AMA Aday Kaya A, Gültekin HC, Karakaya A. Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti. Turkish Journal of Forestry. December 2019;20(4):324-332. doi:10.18182/tjf.588976
Chicago Aday Kaya, Ayşe, Hazin Cemal Gültekin, and Ayhan Karakaya. “Marmara Bölgesindeki Orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen Odunsu Bitkilerdeki Fungus Ve Su küflerinin Tespiti”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 20, no. 4 (December 2019): 324-32. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.588976.
EndNote Aday Kaya A, Gültekin HC, Karakaya A (December 1, 2019) Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti. Turkish Journal of Forestry 20 4 324–332.
IEEE A. Aday Kaya, H. C. Gültekin, and A. Karakaya, “Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 324–332, 2019, doi: 10.18182/tjf.588976.
ISNAD Aday Kaya, Ayşe et al. “Marmara Bölgesindeki Orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen Odunsu Bitkilerdeki Fungus Ve Su küflerinin Tespiti”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 20/4 (December 2019), 324-332. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.588976.
JAMA Aday Kaya A, Gültekin HC, Karakaya A. Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2019;20:324–332.
MLA Aday Kaya, Ayşe et al. “Marmara Bölgesindeki Orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen Odunsu Bitkilerdeki Fungus Ve Su küflerinin Tespiti”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 20, no. 4, 2019, pp. 324-32, doi:10.18182/tjf.588976.
Vancouver Aday Kaya A, Gültekin HC, Karakaya A. Marmara Bölgesindeki orman fidanlıklarında yetiştirilen odunsu bitkilerdeki fungus ve su küflerinin tespiti. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2019;20(4):324-32.