Türkiye ormancılığında iş doyumunu etkileyen faktörler

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 304 - 317, 30.09.2020

Murat Köse , İsmet Daşdemir , Seçil Yurdakul Erol , Hasan Tezcan Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.779371

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Günümüz ormancılığında çalışanların iş doyumunu sağlamak başarılı bir kaynak yönetimi açısından yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye ormancılığında iş doyumunu etkileyen en önemli faktörleri incelemektir. Bu amaçla, Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığının ormancılık birimlerini kapsayacak şekilde, Türkiye çapında, dokuz coğrafik bölgede iki farklı ilgi grubundan oluşan toplam 496 denek üzerinde iki farklı anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Görüşülecek ve anket yapılacak kişiler, katmanlı-basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiklerle değerlendirilmiş, deneklerin iş doyumunu etkileyen en önemli faktörlerle ilgili düşüncelerinin bölgelere, çalışılan birimlere, göreve ve deneyime göre farklı olup olmadığı Kruskal-Wallis H Testi ile denetlenmiş ve farklı gruplar Duncan Testi ile belirlenmiştir. Buna göre deneklerin büyük çoğunluğu ormancılık örgütünde iş verimini etkileyen en önemli faktörler olarak, “adil ve liyakate dayalı olmayan personel politikası” ve “politik baskıları” tanımlamıştır. Öte yandan, çalışanların çoğunluğu yaptığı işten memnuniyet duymakta ve "topluma faydalı olma duygusunu” iş memnuniyetini etkileyen en önemli faktör olarak görmektedir. Benzer şekilde, çalışanların çoğunluğu aldıkları ücretlerden “orta düzey” memnuniyete sahiptir ve ormancılıkla ilgili konularda görüşlerini paylaşmaya açıktır. Yine deneklerin çoğunluğu siyasal, sosyal ve idari baskılardan uzak bir yönetim ve denetim anlayışının iş doyumunu artıracağını düşünmektedir. Keza çalışanların %75’i görevle ilgili herhangi bir hukuksal sorunda kendilerini güvende hissetmedikleri görüşündedir. Bütün bu olumsuzluklar iş doyumunu ve dolayısıyla başarıyı azaltan faktörler olarak ortaya konmuş ve yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bu sonuçlara göre iş doyumunun artırılmasına yönelik bazı öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Keywords

Ormancılıkta iş doyumu, Çalışma koşulları, İş yükü, Örgütsel bekleyişler, İletişim ve dayanışma

Supporting Institution

Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Marmara Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü

Project Number

10.5301/2014-2017

Thanks

Bu çalışma Orman Genel Müdürlüğünce desteklenen ve Marmara Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü tarafından yürütülen “Türkiye Ormancılığı İçin Alternatif Örgütlenme Modellerinin Geliştirilmesi” adlı ve 10.5301/2014-2017 numaralı araştırma projesi kapsamında üretilmiştir.

Factors affecting job satisfaction in Turkish forestry

Abstract

Achieving job satisfaction of employees in today’s forestry is an undeniable fact in terms of successful resource management. This study aims at examining the most significant factors affecting job satisfaction in Turkish forestry. Two different questionnaires were applied to 496 interviewees from two different interest groups associated with the forestry section of the Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs in the nine geographical regions of Turkey. People to be interviewed were determined using the layered-simple random sampling method. The obtained data were evaluated via descriptive statistics, and also, whether the ideas of the interviewees related to the most significant factors affecting the job satisfaction differ according to the regions, the units studied, the task and the experience were inspected by the Kruskal-Wallis H Test. The different groups were determined via the Duncan Test. Accordingly, the vast majority of interviewees identified “unfair and incompetent personnel policy” and “political pressures” as the most significant factors affecting the work efficiency in the Forestry Organization. On the other hand, the majority of employees are satisfied from their works and they think “the feeling to be useful to the community” as the most important factor affecting job satisfaction. Similarly, the majority of employees have “medium level” satisfaction with the wages they receive and they are open to share their opinions on issues related to forestry. Also, most of the interviewees have the idea that the management and inspection mentality which is far from political, social and administrative pressures will increase the job satisfaction. Likewise, 75% of employees feel unsafe in any legal inquiry about the task. All these negativities were revealed and interpreted as factors reducing job satisfaction and so success. According to these results, some suggestions were developed towards increasing job satisfaction.

Keywords

Job satisfaction in forestry, Working conditions, Workload, Organizational expectations, Communication and cooperation

Project Number

10.5301/2014-2017

References

• Agbozo, G.K., Owusu, I.,S., Hoedoafia, M.A., Atakorah, Y.B., 2017. The Effect of work environment on job satisfaction: Evidence from the Banking Sector in Ghana. Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(1): 12-18.
• Akbaş, A., 2008. Problems and expectations of a profession: Example of Forest Engineering. Journal of Chamber of Forest Engineers, Year: 45(10-11-12): 14-21.
• Akıncı, Z.B., 1998. Corporate Culture and Organizational Communication. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
• Akşit Aşık, N., 2010. A Conceptual evaluation of individual and organizational factors affecting employees and results of job satisfaction. Türk İdare Dergisi, 467: 31-51.
• Akyüz, K.C., Koçak, S., Balaban, Y., Yıldırım, İ., Gedik, T., 2011. Investigating job satisfaction level of employees (The case of Muğla Forest District Directorate). SDU Faculty of Forestry Journal, 12(1): 20-26.
• Andersson, K., 2013. Local governance of forests and the role of external organization: Some ties matter more than others. World Development, 43: 226–237.
• Arnold, E., Silva, N., 2011. Perceptions of organizational communication processes in quality management. Revista de Psicolgia, 29(1): 153-174.
• Borca, C., Baesu, V., 2014. A Possible managerial approach for internal organizational communication characterization. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 124: 496–503.
• Chen, L.H., 2008. Job satisfaction among information system (IS) personnel. Computers in Human Behavior, 24: 105–118.
• Cherecheş, C., Toader, R., Toader, C., 2013. Analysis of motivational factors in forestry units. Review of Management and Economic Engineering, 12(2): 107-112. Chimanikire, P., Mut, E., Gadzirayi, C. T., Muzondo, N., Mut, B., 2007. Factors affecting job satisfaction among academic professionals in tertiary institutions in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Business Management, 1(6): 166-175.
• Coomber, B., Barriball, K.L., 2007. Impact of Job satisfaction components on intend to leave and turnover for hospital-based nurses: A Review of the Research Literature, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44: 297-314.
• Çok, N., Göksu, E., Doğaner, A., Kalkan, B, Güneş, Ö., 2017. The effect of job satisfaction and some individual characteristics of the employees of Elazığ Forestry District Directorate on job satisfaction. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 1(2): 155-168.
• Daşdemir, İ. 1996. Determination of Success Levels in the Forest Districts (Example of North-East Anatolia and Blacksea Regions). Ministry of Forestry, Eastern Anatolia Forestry Research Institute, Technical Bulletin No: 1, Erzurum.
• Daşdemir, İ., 1998. Determination of Administrative and Organizational Dimensions of State Forest Districts. Ministry of Forestry Eastern Anatolia Forestry Research Directorate, Technical Report Publication Number: 3, Erzurum.
• Daşdemir, İ. 2016. Scientific Research Methods. Nobel Academic Publishing and Consulting Trade Limited Company, Ankara.
• Dursun, F., 2008. Investigation of job satisfaction levels of employees in state forest enterprises; the case of Kalkım, Yenice, Bayramiç Forest Enterprises. M.Sc. Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University Institute of Science and Technology, Trabzon.
• Eğinli, A.T., 2009. Job satisfaction in employees: An investigation on job satisfaction of public and private sector employees. Atatürk University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 23(3): 35-52.
• Erdil, O., Keskin, H., İmamoğlu, S.Z., Erat, S., 2004. The relationship between supervision style, working conditions, co-workers behavior, recognition and job satisfaction: A field research on textile firms. Doğuş University Journal, 5(1): 17-26.
• Geray, A.U. 1998. National Environmental Action Plan, Forest Resources Management. DPT Publication, Ankara.
• Glisson, C., Durick, M., 1988. Predictors of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in human service organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1): 61-81.
• Gupta, D., Koontz, T.M., 2019. Working together? Synergies in government and NGO roles for community forestry in the Indian Himalayas. World Development, 114: 326–340.
• Gümüş, C., 2014. Effects of forestry policies from ottoman to present on forestry organization and current issues. II. National Mediterranean Forest and Environment Symposium, 22-24 October, Isparta, pp.477-489.
• Hadikusumo, B.H.W., Jitwasinkul, B., Memon, A.Q., 2017. Role of organizational factors affecting worker safety behavior: A Bayesian Belief Network Approach. Procedia Engineering, 171: 131–139.
• Hardy, S.D., Koontz, T.M., 2010. Collaborative watershed partnerships in urban and rural areas: Different pathways to success? Landscape and Urban Planning, 95(3): 79–90.
• Hitka, M., Lorincova, S., Gejdos, M., Klaric, K., Weberova, D., 2019. Management approach to motivation of white-colar empl1oyees in forest enterprises. BioResources, 14(3): 5488-5505.
• Hoş, C., Oksay, A., 2015. The relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction in nurses. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 20(2): 1-24.
• Iversen, L., Farmer, J.C., Philip, C., Hannaford, P.C., 2002. Workload pressures in rural general practice: a qualitative investigation. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 20: 139-144.
• Keleş, H.N., 2007. A research done in pharmaceutical production and distribution companies related to the effect of job satisfaction on organizational commitment. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Social Economic Research, 13: 243-263.
• Köse, S., Gönüllüoğlu, S., 2010. A research on determining the effect of organizational support on organizational commitment. Dumlupınar University Journal of Social Sciences, 27: 85-94.
• Küçük, F., Bayuk, M.N., 2007. Corporate image of employees as a success factor in crisis environment. Journal of Yaşar University, 2(7): 795-808.
• Lund, J.F., Rutt, R.L., Ribot, J., 2018. Trends in research on forestry decentralization policies. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 32: 17–22.
• Matilla-Santander, N., Lidón-Moyano, C., González-Marrón, A., Bunch, K., Martín-Sánchez, J.C., Martínez-Sánchez, J.M., 2019. Attitudes toward working conditions: are European Union workers satisfied with their working hours and work-life balance?. Gaceta sanitaria, 33: 162-168.
• Meng, J., Berger, B.K., 2019. The impact of organizational culture and leadership performance on PR professionals’ job satisfaction: Testing the joint mediating effects of engagement and trust. Public Relations Review, 45: 64-75.
• Nguyen, A.N., Taylor, J., Bradley, S., 2003. Relative Pay and Job Satisfaction: Some New Evidence. Working Paper 045, Department of Economics, Lancaster University Management School.
• Opkara, J.O., 2002. The impact of salary differential on managerial job satisfaction: a study of the gender gap and its implications for management education and practice in a developing economy. Journal of Business in Developing Nations, 8: 65-92.
• Orhunbilge, A.N. 2000. Sampling Methods and Hypothesis Testing (Review and Expanded Second Edition). Avcıol Printing and Publishing, İstanbul.
• Ölçer, N., Koçer, S., 2015. Organizational communication: A survey on the academic staff at Kocaeli University. Global Media Journal, TR Edition, 6(11): 339-383
• Örücü, E., Yumuşak, S., Bozkır, Y., 2006. Job satisfaction and its determinants for individuals who works in the banking sector in quality management perspective. Celal Bayar University Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences Journal, 13 (1): 39-51.
• Özcan, E.D., 2011. Organizational structure and job satisfaction from personality perspective. Beta Publishing, İstanbul.
• Özden, Ö., Ekici, F., 2010. Past, present and future of forest engineering profession. III. National Black Sea Forestry Congress, 20-22 May, Artvin, pp. 17-23.
• Özdönmez, M., Akesen, A., Ekizoğlu, A., 1998. Forest Administration Information. IU Faculty of Forestry Edition No: 4157/401, İstanbul, 301 p.
• Özkalp, E., Varoğlu, A., Varoğlu, D., Kırel, A.Ç., Acar, P., 2013. Organizational Behavior. Anadolu University Edition No: 2847, Saray Printing House, Ankara.
• Park, J., Kim, Y., Han, B., 2017. Long working hours in Korea: Based on the 2014 Korean working conditions survey. Safety and Health at Work, 8: 343-346.
• Porter, L., Lawler, E., 1968. Managerial Attitudes and Performance. The Dorsey Press, Homewood, Illinois.
• Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., 2002. Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 698-714.
• Sanchez-Sellero, M.C., Sanchez-Sellero, P., Cruz-Gozalez, M.M., Sanchez-Sellero, F.J., 2018. Determinants of job satisfaction in the Spanish wood and paper industries: A comparative study across Spain. Drvna Industrija, 69(1): 71-80.
• Sarode, A.P., Shirsath, M., 2014. The factors affecting Employees work environment and its relationship with Employee productivity. International Journal of Science and Resource, 11(3): 2735-2737.
• Soysal, A., Tan, M., 2013. A research in servıce sector with regard to factors that affect work satısfactıon: the case of public and private banking personnel in the Kilis Province. Niğde University Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6(2): 45-63. Toksoy, D., Ayaz, H., Bayramoğlu, M.M., 2006. The situation of technical staff of forestry organization and bureaucratic problems faced. Socio-Economic Issues in Forestry Congress Book, 26-28 May, Çankırı. pp. 87-92
• Tosun, M., 1981. Organizational Effectiveness. TODAIE Publishing No: 196, Ankara.
• Wang, F., 2018. Forest algorithm based staff incentive mechanism design of non-public enterprise from the perspective of positive organizational behavior. Cognitive Systems Research, 52: 132–137.
• Yaman, F., 2010. Factors affecting organizational and managerial success in forestry. M.Sc. Thesis, Bartın University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bartın.
• Yılmaz, E., Koçak, Z., 2008. Job Satisfaction Survey for Employees of Eastern Mediterranean Forestry Research Directorate. Eastern Mediterranean Forestry Research Institute, Various Publication No: 8, Tarsus.
• Yılmaz, E., Daşdemir, İ., Karabulut, S., Koçak, Z., Polat, O., 2009. Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction of Personnel Working at the Provincial Organization of Forestry General Directorate: The Case Study of Mersin Forestry Regional Directorate and its Forestry Enterprises. Eastern Mediterranean Forestry Research Institute, Technical Bulletin No: 30, Tarsus. Yurdakul, S., 2003. Problems and results of personnel management in forestry (examining with case study). M.Sc. Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul.
• Yurdakul Erol, S., 2016. Comprehensive analysis of some job-related attitudes on expectation and satisfaction among forestry staff: Case results from a Turkish Regional Forestry Organization. International Foretsry Review, 18(2): 161-179.
• Yurdakul Erol, S., 2017. Various evaluations on human resources management in forestry in turkey and the state of technical forestry staff. Current Trends in Science and Landscape Management, ISBN 978‐ 954‐ 07‐ 4338‐ 7, St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, Sofia, 543-561.
• Yurdakul Erol, S., Köse, M., 2017. Job satisfaction of forestry technical staff: the case of Regional Forest Directorate of İstanbul. Kastamonu University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 18(1): 273-286.
• Zidane, Y.J.T, Hussein, B.A., Gudmundsson, J.O., Ekambaram, A., 2016. Categorization of organizational factors and their impact on project performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 226: 162–169.