Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 333 - 339, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1442373

Abstract

This study investigated the regulatory ecosystem services of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, a natural protected urban forest in Edirne, Turkey, with a focus on its ability to improve air quality. The i-Tree Canopy Tool was used to categorise land-cover classes within the forest and assess air quality impacts using pollutant removal and carbon sequestration estimates. The results show that the Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest eliminates 5,014.68 kg/yr of pollutants, sequesters 183,000 kg/yr of carbon, and stores a total of 4,596,680 kg of carbon throughout the lifespan of its trees. The economic value of these regulatory ecosystem services is estimated at 864,177 USD annually and substantially improves air quality. The results of this study provide valuable insights for researchers, landscape managers, and policymakers involved in regional planning, decision-making, and green space improvement in cities. This study highlights the vital role of natural protected urban forests in improving air quality and underscores the need for their preservation and integration into landscape and urban planning strategies for sustainable development in response to 21st-century challenges.

References

  • Aerts, R., Honnay, O., 2011. Forest restoration, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. BMC Ecology, 11:1-10.
  • Ahern, J., Cilliers, S., Niemelä, J., 2014. The concept of ecosystem services in adaptive urban planning and design: A framework for supporting innovation. Landscape and Urban Planning, 125: 254–259.
  • Albayrak, İ., 2012. Applicability of ecosystem services based watershed management model in Istanbul–Omerli Case. PhD Thesis, The Technical University of İstanbul, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Balkiz, O., 2016. Assessment of the socio-economic values of goods and services provided by Mediterranean forest ecosystems - Düzlerçamı Forest, Turkey. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Doğa Koruma Merkezi and Plan Bleu, Valbonne. https://openknowledge.fao.org/ server/api/core/bitstreams/f8456239-28f5-4b16-98a6-9b551332f481/content, Accessed: 31.05.2024.
  • Başak, E., Pamukcu-Albers, P., Karabulut, A.A., Demirbaş Çağlayan, S., Besen, T., Erpul, G., Balkız, Ö., Çokçalışkan, B.A., Per, E., Atkin, G., 2022. Ecosystem services studies in Turkey: A national-scale review. Science of the Total Environment, 844: 157068.
  • Beckett, K.P., Freer-Smith, P.H., Taylor, G., 1998. Urban woodlands: their role in reducing the effects of particulate pollution. Environmental Pollution, 99(3): 347–360.
  • Brack, C.L., 2002. Pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration by an urban forest. Environmental Pollution, 116(1): 195–200.
  • Cho, Y.Il, Yoon, D., Lee, M.J., 2023. Comparative analysis of urban heat island cooling strategies according to spatial and temporal conditions using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Observation. Applied Sciences, 13(18): 10052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ app131810052. Çakmak, M.H., Can, M., 2020. Assessing regulating ecosystem services for improving the air quality of Mamak district (Ankara). Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 4(2): 141–149.
  • Derkzen, M.L., van Teeffelen, A.J.A., Verburg, P.H., 2015. Review: Quantifying urban ecosystem services based on high-resolution data of urban green space: An assessment for Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Journal of Applied Ecology, 52(4): 1020–1032.
  • Durkaya, B., Durkaya, A., 2018. Orman Biokütlesinin Atmosfere Katkısı. APJES, 6(1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.290427.
  • Escobedo, F.J., Wagner, J.E., Nowak, D.J., De La Maza, C.L., Rodriguez, M., Crane, D.E., 2008. Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile's policy of using urban forests to improve air quality. Journal of Environmental Management, 86(1): 148–157.
  • Ghorbankhani, Z., Zarrabi, M.M., Ghorbankhani, M., 2023. The significance and benefits of green infrastructures using I-Tree canopy software with a sustainable approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26:14893–14913.
  • Gómez-Baggethun, E., Barton, D.N., 2013. Classifying and valuing ecosystem services for urban planning. Ecological Economics, 86: 235–245.
  • Hayes, T., Ostrom, E., 2005. Conserving the World’s Forests: Are Protected Areas the Only Way? Indiana Law Review, 38: 595–617.
  • Hepcan, C.C., Hepcan S., 2017. Ege Üniversitesi lojmanlar yerleşkesinin hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem servislerinin hesaplanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 54(1): 113–120.
  • Hilde, T., Paterson, R., 2014. Integrating ecosystem services analysis into scenario planning practice: Accounting for street tree benefits with i-Tree valuation in Central Texas. Journal of Environmental Management, 146: 524–534.
  • Jacobs, P., 2013. Temperature and Energy. Thermodynamics, Imperial College Press, London, UK.
  • Johnson, T.M., Guttikunda, S., Wells, G.J., Artaxo, P., Bond, T.C., Russel, A.G., Watson, J.G., West, J., 2011. Tools for Improving Air Quality Management: A Review of Top-down Source Apportionment Techniques and Their Application in Developing Countries. ESMAP formal report; no. 339/11. World Bank, Washington, DC. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17488.
  • THHP, 2023. Kara Rapor 2022 Hava Kirliliği ve Sağlık Etkileri. TemizHavaHakkıPlatformu.https://www.temizhavahakki.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/KaraRapor_v6.pdf, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • Loughner, C.P., Allen, D.J., Zhang, D.L., Pickering, K.E., Dickerson, R.R., Landry, L., 2012. Roles of urban tree canopy and buildings in urban heat island effects: parameterization and preliminary results. journal of applied meteorology and climatology, 51(10): 1775–1793.
  • Marangoz, Ç.G., 2022. Edirne Tavuk ormanı florası ve farmasötik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trakya Üniversitesi, Sağlik Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Edirne.
  • Marcus, C., 2015. Tree Canopy Assessment City of Atlantic Beach, Florida. Legacy Arborist Services, USA.
  • Martin, N.A., Chappelka, A.H., Loewenstein, E.F., Keever, G.J., 2012. Comparison of carbon storage, carbon sequestration, and air pollution removal by protected and maintained urban forests in Alabama, USA. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management, 8(3): 265–272.
  • MEA, 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being, Synthesis, www.islandpress.org, Accessed: 31.05.2024.
  • MoEUCC, 2024a. Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, National air quality monitoring stations web site, https://sim.csb.gov.tr/Services/AirQuality, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • MoEUCC, 2024b. Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, General Directorate of Protection of Natural Assets web site, https://tvk.csb.gov.tr/edirne-merkez-sarayici-tavuk-ormani-tescil-ilani-duyuru-396943, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • Mori, A.S., Lertzman, K.P., Gustafsson, L., 2017. Biodiversity and ecosystem services in forest ecosystems: a research agenda for applied forest ecology. Journal of Applied Ecology, 54(1): 12–27.
  • Nowak, D.J., Crane, D.E., Stevens, J.C., Hoehn, R.E., Walton, J.T., Bond, J., 2008. A ground-based method of assessing urban forest structure and ecosystem services. Arboriculture and Urban Forestry, 34(6): 347–358.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hoehn, R.E., Bodine, A.R., Crane, D.E., Dwyer, J.F., Bonnewell, V., Watson, G., 2013. Urban Trees and Forests of the Chicago Region. Resource Bulletin, NRS-84. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Bodine, A., Greenfield, E., 2014. Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States. Environmental Pollution, 193: 119–129.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Doyle, M., Mcgovern, M., Pasher, J., 2018. Air pollution removal by urban forests in Canada and its effect on air quality and human health. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 29: 40–48.
  • Nowak, D.J., 2021. Understanding i-Tree: 2021 Summary of Programs and Methods. (General Technical Report NRS-200). Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 100 p. plus 14 appendixes.
  • Özer, M., 2013. Edirne Yeni Saray (Saray-i Cedîd-i Amire) kazısı 2009 yılı çalışmaları. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, 22(2): 1–43.
  • Perez, L., Grize, L., Infanger, D., Künzli, N., Sommer, H., Alt, G.-M., Schindler, C., 2015. Associations of daily levels of PM10 and NO 2 with emergency hospital admissions and mortality in Switzerland: Trends and missed prevention potential over the last decade. Environmental Research, 140: 554–561.
  • Qian, W., Zhongxia, Z., Ping, W., 2019. An assessment of ecosystem services of urban green spaces based on i-Tree. Journal of Landscape Research, 11(1): 53.
  • Rahaman, S., Jahangir, S., Haque, M.S., Chen, R., Kumar, P., 2021. Spatio-temporal changes of green spaces and their impact on urban environment of Mumbai, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(4): 6481–6501.
  • Roy, S., Byrne, J., Pickering, C., 2012. A systematic quantitative review of urban tree benefits, costs, and assessment methods across cities in different climatic zones. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 11(4): 351–363.
  • Selim, S., Dönmez, B., Kilçik, A., 2023. Determination of the optimum number of sample points to classify land cover types and estimate the contribution of trees on ecosystem services using the I-Tree Canopy tool. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 19(3): 726–734.
  • Smith, W.H., 1990. Air Pollution and Forest. Interactions between Air Contaminants and Forest Ecosystems. Springer New York, NY, USA.
  • Tomlinson, C.J., Chapman, L., Thornes, J.E., Baker, C.J., 2011. Including the urban heat island in spatial heat health risk assessment strategies: A case study for Birmingham, UK. International Journal of Health Geographics, 10(1): 1–14.
  • Tonyaloğlu, E.E., Kesgin, A.B., Yiğit, M., 2021. Düzenleyici Ekosistem Hizmetlerinden Hava Kalitesinin Efeler -Aydın Örneğinde İncelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1): 119–125.
  • Tuğluer, M., Gül, A., 2018. The use of UFORE model for determination of environmental effects and value of urban trees; case study of Isparta city. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 19(3): 293–307.
  • Turner-Skoff, J., Cavender, N., 2019. The benefits of trees for livable and sustainable communities. Plants People Planet, 1(4): 323–335.
  • Usal, A., 2006. Edirne Tarihi ve Kültürü. Edirne Vergi Dairesi Başkanlığı, Edirne, Türkiye.
  • Watts, N., Adger, W., Costello, A., 2015. Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health. The Lancet, 386(10006): 1861–1914.
  • Yıldız, R., Yücel, C., Katırcıoğlu, G., 2023. Korunan alanların sürdürülebilirliğinde planlama ve yönetim: Kayseri Sultan Sazlığı. Planlama, 33(2): 324–339.

Doğal sit alanlarının hava kalitesine etkisi: Sarayiçi Tavuk Ormanı, Edirne, Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 333 - 339, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1442373

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Edirne’de doğal sit alanı statüsünde olan Sarayiçi Tavuk Ormanı'nın sağladığı düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetleri incelenerek, hava kalitesi iyileştirme etkisi hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada i-Tree Canopy v.7.1 kullanılarak, Sarayiçi Tavuk Ormanı arazi örtüsü sınıflandırılmış ve arazi örtüsünün hava kalitesine olan etkisi: kirleticilerin uzaklaştırılması, karbon tutulması ve depolanması tahminleri aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Sarayiçi Tavuk Ormanı'nın yılda 5,014.68 kg kirletici gaz ve partikülü ortadan kaldırdığını, yılda 183,000 kg karbon tuttuğunu ve ormandaki ağaçların toplam 4,596,680 kg karbon depoladığını göstermektedir. Bu düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinin ekonomik değeri yılda 864,177 USD olarak tahmin edilmekte olup, hava kalitesini önemli ölçüde artırmaktadır. Bulgular, kentsel ve peyzaj planlama üzerine çalışan araştırmacılar ile karar alma süreçlerinde çalışan yönetici ve politikacılar için kent ormanlarının ekolojik ve ekonomik değerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, doğal sit alanı statüsünde olan kent ormanların hava kalitesini artırmadaki önemli rolünü vurgulamakta ve kent ormanlarının 21. yüzyılın en önemli zorluklarından olan iklim krizine yanıt olarak peyzaj ve kentsel planlama stratejilerine entegrasyonunun gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • Aerts, R., Honnay, O., 2011. Forest restoration, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. BMC Ecology, 11:1-10.
  • Ahern, J., Cilliers, S., Niemelä, J., 2014. The concept of ecosystem services in adaptive urban planning and design: A framework for supporting innovation. Landscape and Urban Planning, 125: 254–259.
  • Albayrak, İ., 2012. Applicability of ecosystem services based watershed management model in Istanbul–Omerli Case. PhD Thesis, The Technical University of İstanbul, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Balkiz, O., 2016. Assessment of the socio-economic values of goods and services provided by Mediterranean forest ecosystems - Düzlerçamı Forest, Turkey. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Doğa Koruma Merkezi and Plan Bleu, Valbonne. https://openknowledge.fao.org/ server/api/core/bitstreams/f8456239-28f5-4b16-98a6-9b551332f481/content, Accessed: 31.05.2024.
  • Başak, E., Pamukcu-Albers, P., Karabulut, A.A., Demirbaş Çağlayan, S., Besen, T., Erpul, G., Balkız, Ö., Çokçalışkan, B.A., Per, E., Atkin, G., 2022. Ecosystem services studies in Turkey: A national-scale review. Science of the Total Environment, 844: 157068.
  • Beckett, K.P., Freer-Smith, P.H., Taylor, G., 1998. Urban woodlands: their role in reducing the effects of particulate pollution. Environmental Pollution, 99(3): 347–360.
  • Brack, C.L., 2002. Pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration by an urban forest. Environmental Pollution, 116(1): 195–200.
  • Cho, Y.Il, Yoon, D., Lee, M.J., 2023. Comparative analysis of urban heat island cooling strategies according to spatial and temporal conditions using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Observation. Applied Sciences, 13(18): 10052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ app131810052. Çakmak, M.H., Can, M., 2020. Assessing regulating ecosystem services for improving the air quality of Mamak district (Ankara). Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 4(2): 141–149.
  • Derkzen, M.L., van Teeffelen, A.J.A., Verburg, P.H., 2015. Review: Quantifying urban ecosystem services based on high-resolution data of urban green space: An assessment for Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Journal of Applied Ecology, 52(4): 1020–1032.
  • Durkaya, B., Durkaya, A., 2018. Orman Biokütlesinin Atmosfere Katkısı. APJES, 6(1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.290427.
  • Escobedo, F.J., Wagner, J.E., Nowak, D.J., De La Maza, C.L., Rodriguez, M., Crane, D.E., 2008. Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile's policy of using urban forests to improve air quality. Journal of Environmental Management, 86(1): 148–157.
  • Ghorbankhani, Z., Zarrabi, M.M., Ghorbankhani, M., 2023. The significance and benefits of green infrastructures using I-Tree canopy software with a sustainable approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26:14893–14913.
  • Gómez-Baggethun, E., Barton, D.N., 2013. Classifying and valuing ecosystem services for urban planning. Ecological Economics, 86: 235–245.
  • Hayes, T., Ostrom, E., 2005. Conserving the World’s Forests: Are Protected Areas the Only Way? Indiana Law Review, 38: 595–617.
  • Hepcan, C.C., Hepcan S., 2017. Ege Üniversitesi lojmanlar yerleşkesinin hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem servislerinin hesaplanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 54(1): 113–120.
  • Hilde, T., Paterson, R., 2014. Integrating ecosystem services analysis into scenario planning practice: Accounting for street tree benefits with i-Tree valuation in Central Texas. Journal of Environmental Management, 146: 524–534.
  • Jacobs, P., 2013. Temperature and Energy. Thermodynamics, Imperial College Press, London, UK.
  • Johnson, T.M., Guttikunda, S., Wells, G.J., Artaxo, P., Bond, T.C., Russel, A.G., Watson, J.G., West, J., 2011. Tools for Improving Air Quality Management: A Review of Top-down Source Apportionment Techniques and Their Application in Developing Countries. ESMAP formal report; no. 339/11. World Bank, Washington, DC. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17488.
  • THHP, 2023. Kara Rapor 2022 Hava Kirliliği ve Sağlık Etkileri. TemizHavaHakkıPlatformu.https://www.temizhavahakki.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/KaraRapor_v6.pdf, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • Loughner, C.P., Allen, D.J., Zhang, D.L., Pickering, K.E., Dickerson, R.R., Landry, L., 2012. Roles of urban tree canopy and buildings in urban heat island effects: parameterization and preliminary results. journal of applied meteorology and climatology, 51(10): 1775–1793.
  • Marangoz, Ç.G., 2022. Edirne Tavuk ormanı florası ve farmasötik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trakya Üniversitesi, Sağlik Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Edirne.
  • Marcus, C., 2015. Tree Canopy Assessment City of Atlantic Beach, Florida. Legacy Arborist Services, USA.
  • Martin, N.A., Chappelka, A.H., Loewenstein, E.F., Keever, G.J., 2012. Comparison of carbon storage, carbon sequestration, and air pollution removal by protected and maintained urban forests in Alabama, USA. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management, 8(3): 265–272.
  • MEA, 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being, Synthesis, www.islandpress.org, Accessed: 31.05.2024.
  • MoEUCC, 2024a. Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, National air quality monitoring stations web site, https://sim.csb.gov.tr/Services/AirQuality, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • MoEUCC, 2024b. Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, General Directorate of Protection of Natural Assets web site, https://tvk.csb.gov.tr/edirne-merkez-sarayici-tavuk-ormani-tescil-ilani-duyuru-396943, Accessed:31.05.2024.
  • Mori, A.S., Lertzman, K.P., Gustafsson, L., 2017. Biodiversity and ecosystem services in forest ecosystems: a research agenda for applied forest ecology. Journal of Applied Ecology, 54(1): 12–27.
  • Nowak, D.J., Crane, D.E., Stevens, J.C., Hoehn, R.E., Walton, J.T., Bond, J., 2008. A ground-based method of assessing urban forest structure and ecosystem services. Arboriculture and Urban Forestry, 34(6): 347–358.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hoehn, R.E., Bodine, A.R., Crane, D.E., Dwyer, J.F., Bonnewell, V., Watson, G., 2013. Urban Trees and Forests of the Chicago Region. Resource Bulletin, NRS-84. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Bodine, A., Greenfield, E., 2014. Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States. Environmental Pollution, 193: 119–129.
  • Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Doyle, M., Mcgovern, M., Pasher, J., 2018. Air pollution removal by urban forests in Canada and its effect on air quality and human health. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 29: 40–48.
  • Nowak, D.J., 2021. Understanding i-Tree: 2021 Summary of Programs and Methods. (General Technical Report NRS-200). Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 100 p. plus 14 appendixes.
  • Özer, M., 2013. Edirne Yeni Saray (Saray-i Cedîd-i Amire) kazısı 2009 yılı çalışmaları. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, 22(2): 1–43.
  • Perez, L., Grize, L., Infanger, D., Künzli, N., Sommer, H., Alt, G.-M., Schindler, C., 2015. Associations of daily levels of PM10 and NO 2 with emergency hospital admissions and mortality in Switzerland: Trends and missed prevention potential over the last decade. Environmental Research, 140: 554–561.
  • Qian, W., Zhongxia, Z., Ping, W., 2019. An assessment of ecosystem services of urban green spaces based on i-Tree. Journal of Landscape Research, 11(1): 53.
  • Rahaman, S., Jahangir, S., Haque, M.S., Chen, R., Kumar, P., 2021. Spatio-temporal changes of green spaces and their impact on urban environment of Mumbai, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(4): 6481–6501.
  • Roy, S., Byrne, J., Pickering, C., 2012. A systematic quantitative review of urban tree benefits, costs, and assessment methods across cities in different climatic zones. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 11(4): 351–363.
  • Selim, S., Dönmez, B., Kilçik, A., 2023. Determination of the optimum number of sample points to classify land cover types and estimate the contribution of trees on ecosystem services using the I-Tree Canopy tool. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 19(3): 726–734.
  • Smith, W.H., 1990. Air Pollution and Forest. Interactions between Air Contaminants and Forest Ecosystems. Springer New York, NY, USA.
  • Tomlinson, C.J., Chapman, L., Thornes, J.E., Baker, C.J., 2011. Including the urban heat island in spatial heat health risk assessment strategies: A case study for Birmingham, UK. International Journal of Health Geographics, 10(1): 1–14.
  • Tonyaloğlu, E.E., Kesgin, A.B., Yiğit, M., 2021. Düzenleyici Ekosistem Hizmetlerinden Hava Kalitesinin Efeler -Aydın Örneğinde İncelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1): 119–125.
  • Tuğluer, M., Gül, A., 2018. The use of UFORE model for determination of environmental effects and value of urban trees; case study of Isparta city. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 19(3): 293–307.
  • Turner-Skoff, J., Cavender, N., 2019. The benefits of trees for livable and sustainable communities. Plants People Planet, 1(4): 323–335.
  • Usal, A., 2006. Edirne Tarihi ve Kültürü. Edirne Vergi Dairesi Başkanlığı, Edirne, Türkiye.
  • Watts, N., Adger, W., Costello, A., 2015. Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health. The Lancet, 386(10006): 1861–1914.
  • Yıldız, R., Yücel, C., Katırcıoğlu, G., 2023. Korunan alanların sürdürülebilirliğinde planlama ve yönetim: Kayseri Sultan Sazlığı. Planlama, 33(2): 324–339.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Forestry Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Orijinal Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Eylül Malkoç 0000-0003-1873-2931

Publication Date September 30, 2024
Submission Date February 25, 2024
Acceptance Date July 1, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 25 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Malkoç, E. (2024). Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 25(3), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1442373
AMA Malkoç E. Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Forestry. September 2024;25(3):333-339. doi:10.18182/tjf.1442373
Chicago Malkoç, Eylül. “Air Quality Impact of Natural Protected Areas: A Case Study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 25, no. 3 (September 2024): 333-39. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1442373.
EndNote Malkoç E (September 1, 2024) Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Forestry 25 3 333–339.
IEEE E. Malkoç, “Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 333–339, 2024, doi: 10.18182/tjf.1442373.
ISNAD Malkoç, Eylül. “Air Quality Impact of Natural Protected Areas: A Case Study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 25/3 (September 2024), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1442373.
JAMA Malkoç E. Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2024;25:333–339.
MLA Malkoç, Eylül. “Air Quality Impact of Natural Protected Areas: A Case Study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 25, no. 3, 2024, pp. 333-9, doi:10.18182/tjf.1442373.
Vancouver Malkoç E. Air quality impact of natural protected areas: A case study of Sarayiçi Tavuk Forest, Edirne, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2024;25(3):333-9.