Bir İlkokulda Okul Kazalarının Önlenmesinde Çocuktan Çocuğa Eğitimin Etkinliği: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma

Year 2023, , 117 - 125, 31.03.2023

Reyhan Gür , Sibel Ergün , Nurcan Özyazıcıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1162338

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışma, eğitimci tarafından verilen okul kazalarını önleme eğitiminin çocuktan çocuğa eğitim ile etkinliğini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini bir ilkokulun ikinci, üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıflarında okuyan öğrenciler (n: 321) oluşturdu. İlk önce Eğitici Eğitimi (EE) ve Çocuktan Çocuğa Eğitim (ÇÇE) grupları oluşturuldu. Daha sonra EE grubuna araştırmacı tarafından ‘okul kazalarınından korunma ile ilgili eğitim’ verildi. EE grubuna verilen eğitimden bir gün sonra EE grubundaki öğrenciler arasından beş öğrenci seçildi. Bu öğrenciler ÇÇE grubundaki öğrencilere ‘okul kazalarınından korunma ile ilgili eğitim’ verdi. Eğitimler sonrası her iki gruba da son test uygulandı. Araştırmacı, veri toplamak için Okul Kazalarında Güvenlik Önlemleri için Bireysel Kimlik Formunu ve Davranış Ölçeğini kullandı. Demografik ve tanımlayıcı veriler sayı-yüzde ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasındaki temel farklar “t testi, Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi, Mann Whitney U testi" kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: EE ve ÇÇE gruplarına verilen eğitim sonrasında yapılan ön test ve son test puanları lehine istatistiksel olarak fark saptandı (p<0,001). EE ve ÇÇE gruplarına uygulanan iki yöntemin son test bilgi ortalama puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, okul kazalarını önlemeye yönelik güvenlik önlemleri ile ilgili öğrenci davranışlarını değiştirme açısından EE ve ÇÇE yöntemlerinin her ikisinin de etkili olduğu ve her iki yöntemin de benzer olduğu bulundu.

Keywords

Çocuktan çocuğa eğitim, çocuk, kaza, okul

The Effectiveness of Child-to-child Education For Prevention of School Accidents In A Primary School: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Aim: The study is carried out to compare the effectiveness of the school accident prevention education given by the educator to the child-to-child education. Method: The study's sample included students in the second, third, and fourth grades of a primary school (n: 321).First, the Educating Educator (EE) and Child-to-Child Education (CCE) groups were created. Afterward, 'training on prevention from school accidents' was given to EE group by the researcher. One day after the training given to the EE group, five students were selected from among the students in the EE group. These students provided 'training on prevention from school accidents' to the students in the CCE group. The researcher used the Individual Identification Form and the Behavior Scale for Safety Measures in School Accidents to collect data. After the training, the post-test was applied to both groups. Demographic and descriptive data were evaluated with number-percentage. Baseline differences between groups were assessed using “t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann Whitney U test”. Results: After the training given to the EE, and CCE groups, a statistically significant increase was found between the pre-test and post-test knowledge average scores (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the posttest knowledge average scores of the two methods applied to the EE and CCE groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: This study found that EE and CCE methods are both effective and that both methods are similar in terms of changing students' behaviors related to safety measures for preventing school accidents.

Keywords

child-to-child education, child, school, accident

References

• 1. World Health Organization (WHO) 2018 Road Traffic Injuries. Retrieved 18 August, 2022, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries.
• 2. Akçay D, Yıldırımlar A. Investigation of children’s school accident and behavior of their parents safety measures. DEUHFED 2018; 11(1):48-55.
• 3. Güner T. The social security aspect of school accidents (injuries). The Journal of Academic Social Science 2016; 4(32):391-412.
• 4. Kılınç E, Gür K. The Effect of Health Belief Model Based Initiatives in Preventing School Injuries. HSP 2018; 5(3):467-475.
• 5. Ergün S, Alkım A, Dolgun E. Child-to-child training for prevention of school injuries in Ödemiş, Turkey. The Journal of School Nursing, 2012; 29(5): 337-342.
• 6. Salminen S, Krenniemi M, Raback M, Markkula J, Lounamaa A. School environment and school injuries. Frontiers in Public, 2014; 1(76).
• 7. Orton E, Watson MC, Mulvaney C, Kendrick D. School based education programmes for the prevention of unintentional injuries in children and young people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016; Retrieved 02 May, 2022, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD010246.pub2/full.
• 8. Margeson A, Gray S. Interventions aimed at the prevention of childhood ınjuries in the indigenous populations in canada, australia and newzealand in the last 20 years: a systematicreview. International Journal of Environmental Resource Public Health 2017;14(589).
• 9. Akkan T. Efficiency of the first aid education program in school accessibilities applied to 6-12 age children. Dissertation. Institute of Health Sciences. Okan University, İstanbul. 2018, pp:5-6.
• 10. World Health Organization (WHO) Levels and trends in child mortality: report 2018. World Health Organization. Retrieved 18 August, 2022, https:// childmortality.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/UN-IGME-Child-Mortality-Report-2018.pdf.
• 11. Yalçın A. Evaluation of the efficacy of basic first aid training given through peer and adult education methods in an elementary school. Dissertation. Institute of Health Sciences. Marmara University, İstanbul. 2010, pp:4-5.
• 12. Ataman Ü. Preschool nutrition education on child to child education. Dissertation, Institute of Social Sciences, Selçuk University, Konya. 2009, pp: 25-26.
• 13. Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin MN. Research in nursing: process, Practice and critical, 4. Ed. İstanbul, Nobel Tıp Bookstore, 2020;184-185.
• 14. Gür K. Epidemiology of accident in the elementary schools of Istanbul and development of scales of children's knowledge and attitude towards the security prevention against school accidents. Dissertation. Institute of Health Sciences. Marmara University, İstanbul. 2005, pp:1-2.
• 15. Ergüder B, Yertutan C. Investigation of accidents suffered by students in primary schools. Ankara, H.Ü. School Of Home Economics Publications, 2005; 13(13), 32-34.
• 16. Gevrek Akar S. Investigation of the effects of security measures taken in primary education institutions on school accidents. Dissertation. Institute of Health Sciences. Medipol University, İstanbul. 2017, pp:1-2.
• 17. Ergüder B. Investigation of accidents suffered by students in primary schools. Dissertation. Institute of Health Sciences. Hacettepe University, Ankara. 2004, pp:2-3.
• 18. Erkal S, Yeryutan C. determine the situation of students’ having and accident in the school and the parents’ behaviors. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Araştırmalar E-Dergisi 2012;1:1-11.
• 19. Erarslan R. Study of the incidence of school accidents in second tier students of a primary school. Journal of Pediatric Medicine 2008;2(3): 8-18.
• 20. Bombacı H, Ülkü K, Adıyeke L, Kara S, & Görgeç M (2008) Child injuries, causes and deaths. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2008;42(3): 166-173.
• 21. Akar Şahingöz S. A Research made into practice of nutrition education in primary schools based on child to child education method. Dissertation, Institute of Educational Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara. 2002, pp:3-4.
• 22. Babul F Child to child: a review of the literature (1995-2007). The Child-to-Child Trust Institute of Education. Retrieved 18 August, 2022. http://www. childtochild.org.uk/ wp-content/uploads/2014/08/CtC-Literature-Review-Final-2007.pdf.
• 23. Reveruzzi B, Buckley L, Sheehan M. School-based first aid training programs: a systematic review. Journal of School Health. 2016; 86(4): 266-272.