DETERMINING THE PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AND THE EFFECTIVE RISK FACTORS IN ADOLESCENTS IN THE AGE GROUP OF 15-18 YEARS AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL

Abstract

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of obesity and the effective risk factors in adolescents in the age group of 15-18 years at a secondary school located in the province of Çankırı.  Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 402 adolescents in the age group of 15-18 years studying at a secondary school located in the province of Çankırı between February and April 2017. Body weights and heights of the adolescents were measured, and their body mass indexes were calculated.  Results: It was determined in the study that 16.7% of the students were obese. The prevalence of obesity was found to be associated with a high socio-economic level, the long sedentary period in front of television and computer, decreased physical activity, family history of obesity, fast eating, and diet (p<0.05). According to the Eating Habits Index, 59.5% of the students were determined in moderate risk group; whereas, 27.9% were determined in the high-risk group. Additionally, a negative and significant correlation was found between body mass index values and eating habits scores of the students (r=-0.406; p<0.001).  Conclusion: It was determined in the study that the obesity prevalence of the adolescents was high. It is recommended to implement more effective public health programs to acquire healthy nutrition and regular physical activity for management and prevention of obesity in adolescents.

 

Amaç: Araştırma, Çankırı ilinde bir ortaöğretim okulundaki 15-18 yaş grubu adölesanlarda obezite prevelansını ve etkileyen risk faktörlerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.  Yöntem: Araştırma, Şubat-Nisan 2017 tarihleri arasında Çankırı ilindeki bir ortaöğretim kurumunda öğrenim gören 15-18 yaş grubundaki toplam 402 adölesan ile tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yürütüldü. Adölesanların vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ölçüldü ve beden kitle indeksleri hesaplandı.  Bulgular: Araştırmada öğrencilerin % 16.7’sinin obez olduğu saptanmıştır. Obezite sıklığı; yüksek sosyoekonomik düzey, televizyon ve bilgisayar karşısında uzun süreli hareketsiz kalma, azalmış fiziksel aktivite, ailede obezite öyküsünün bulunması, hızlı yemek yeme ve diyet yapma ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin Beslenme Alışkanlıkları İndeksi’ne göre % 59.5’inin orta ve % 27.9’unun yüksek risk grubunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin beden kitle indeksi değerleri ile beslenme alışkanlıkları puanları arasında ise negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (r=-0.406; p<0.001).  Sonuç: Araştırmada incelenen adölesanlarda obezite prevelansının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Adölesanlarda obezitenin önlenmesi ve yönetimi için sağlıklı beslenme ve düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin kazandırılmasına yönelik daha etkili halk sağlığı programlarının uygulanması önerilmektedir. 

Keywords

• Adolescent,obesity,prevalence,risk factors

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