How Much I Am Aware of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)?

Abstract

Objective: Cervical cancer which is the third leading cancer among females worldwide is one of the most common cancers with poor prognosis among females particularly in developing countries. This study was carried out as a descriptive study with the aim of determining the knowledge, attitudes and opinions of women about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. Methods: The study was conducted with 186 women who applied to Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Cankiri State Hospital due to gynecological reasons, who had not been previously diagnosed with cancer and who agreed for participation between October and December 2018. Data collection form included questions about the women's demographic, obstetric and gynecological histories, knowledge and attitudes toward cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. Results: Of the women included in the study, 41.4% were between ages 35 and 50, 52.2% were graduates of elementary school, 96.8% had social security and 74.7% were housewives. 48.9% of the women were detected to have knowledge about cervical cancer and the best-known protection method against cervical cancer (36.6%) was detected to be regular vaginal examination / pap-smear test. 16.1% of the women stated that they had heard of Human papilloma virus (HPV), of them, 80% (n:24 knew that HPV causes cervical cancer. Almost all women (93.0%) reported that they did not accept HPV vaccination for their daughters. The rate of being aware of cervical cancer, prevention methods, early diagnosis tests increased as the education level of women increased, and being volunteer for cervical smear sampling for screening purpose was found to be higher among women graduates of elementary school and above 35 years (p <0.05). Conclusion: Educations should be planned in order to increase the awareness of women about cancer prevention and HPV vaccine by taking the age and educational status of women into consideration.

Amaç: Dünyada kadın kanserleri arasında üçüncü sırada yer alan serviks kanseri; özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, kadınlarda en sık görülen ve prognozu kötü seyreden kanserlerden biridir. Bu çalışma kadınların rahim ağzı kanseri ve HPV aşısı hakkında bilgi, tutum ve görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapıldı. Yöntem: Araştırma Ekim -Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Çankırı Devlet Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğine jinekolojik nedenlerle başvuran, daha önce kanser tanısı almayan ve araştırmayı kabul eden 186 kadınla yürütüldü. Veri toplama formu; kadınların demografik, obstetrik, jinekolojik öyküleri ile rahim ağzı kanseri ve HPV aşısına yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların %41,4’ünün 35-50 yaş aralığında olduğu, %52,2’sinin ilköğretim mezunu, %96,8’inin sosyal güvencesinin olduğu ve %74,7’sinin ev hanımı olduğu belirlendi. Kadınların %48,9’unun rahim ağzı kanseri hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu ve rahim ağzı kanserinden korunmada en yüksek oranda (%36,6) bilinen yöntemin düzenli vaginal muayene/pap-smear testi olduğu saptandı. Kadınların %16,1’i Human papilloma virüsünü (HPV) duyduklarını ifade ettiler. Human papilloma virüsünü (HPV) duyduklarını ifade eden kadınları %80’i (24 kadın) HPV’nin rahim ağzı kanserine neden olduğunu bilmekteydi. Kadınları tamamına yakını (%93,0) kızlarına HPV aşısı yaptırmayı kabul etmediğini belirtti. Kadınların eğitim seviyesi arttıkça rahim ağzı kanseri, korunma yolları, erken tanı sağlayan testleri bilme oranlarının arttığı, tarama için örnek aldırma davranışlarının ilköğretim mezunu ve 35 yaş üstü kadınlarda daha yüksek olduğu(p<0.05) saptandı. Sonuç: Kadınların kanserden korunma ve HPV aşısı konusunda farkındalığının artması ile davranış değişikliği oluşması için kadınların yaş ve eğitim durumları göz önünde bulundurularak eğitimler planlanmalıdır.

 

Keywords

• Human papilloma virus(HPV),HPV vaccine,cervical cancer, awareness

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