School Based Adolescent Health Screening Program Results

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to present the results of the school-based adolescent health screening program conducted within the scope of public health nursing practices. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in three different schools affiliated to the Tekirdağ Provincial Directorate of National Education in the 2019-20 academic year. The research data were collected from 1913 students. Hypertension, height, weight, visual acuity, hearing, tooth decay, scoliosis, head lice and digital game addiction were screened in schools. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 package program using number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results: The average age of the students is 14,60±2,21, 52,7% of them are male. Health risks identified in students as a result of the screening are as follows: tooth decay in 51,75%, overweight in 23,9%, digital game addiction at 20,49%, scoliosis in 18,98%, decrease in visual acuity in 14,85% right eye, 13,23% left eye,7,42% in both eyes, hypertension at 10,82%, and being underweight at 9,5%. Conclusion: It has been shown that school health nurses can assume important responsibilities and roles at the stages of determining the health risks of children within the scope of school health services, trying to prevent these risks, or providing guidance for early diagnosis and treatment. The widespread use of school health nursing practices will contribute to the improvement of children's health, reducing the burden of health services, increasing the healthy and productive population and the development of the country's economy.

Keywords

• Adolescent health
• school health
• school health nursing
• screening program

Okul Temelli Ergen Sağlığı Tarama Programı Sonuçları

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, halk sağlığı hemşireliği uygulamaları kapsamında yürütülen okul temelli ergen sağlığı tarama programı sonuçlarının paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma, 2019-20 eğitim-öğretim yılında Tekirdağ İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı üç ayrı okulda yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri 1913 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Okullarda hipertansiyon, boy, kilo, görme keskinliği, işitme, diş çürüğü, skolyoz, baş biti ve dijital oyun bağımlılığı taraması yapılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 21 paket programı kullanılarak sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapma kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 14,60±2,21’dir, %52,7’si erkektir. Tarama sonucunda sırasıyla öğrencilerin %51,75’inde diş çürüğü, %23,9’nda fazla kilo/obezite, %20,49’de dijital oyun bağımlılığı, %18,98’de skolyoz, %14,85’inde sağ göz, %13,23’inde sol göz, %7,42’inde her iki göz görme keskinliğinde azalma, %10,82’de hipertansiyon, % 9,5’de düşük kilolu olma riski tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Okul sağlığı hizmetleri kapsamında çocukların sağlık risklerini belirlemek, bu riskleri önlemeye çabalamak ya da erken dönemde tanı ve tedavisi için yönlendirme yapmak aşamalarında, okul sağlığı hemşirelerinin önemli sorumluluklar ve roller üstlenebileceği gösterilmiştir. Okul sağlığı hemşireliği uygulamalarının yaygınlık kazanması çocuk sağlığının geliştirilmesi, sağlık hizmetlerinin yükünün azaltılması, sağlıklı ve üretken nüfusun artması ve ülke ekonomisinin gelişmesine fayda sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

• Ergen Sağlığı
• okul sağlığı
• okul sağlığı hemşireliği
• tarama programı

References

1. 1. Irmak, AY. Eğitimde ve Okulda Sağlığın Önemi. Erçetin ŞŞ, Potas N Editörler. Eğitim Kurumlarında Sağlık Yönetimi. İstanbul: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, 2021;s. 31-45.
2. 2. Bundy DAP, Silva ND, Horton S, Patton GC, Schultz L, Jamison DT. Investment in child and adolescent health and development: key messages from disease control priorities. Lancet 2017; 391(10121): 687-699.
3. 3. National Association of School Nurses (NASN) 1999 Definition of School Nursing. Erişim tarihi:24.04.2021, www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid_57
4. 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2017 Managing Chronic Health Conditions in Schools: The Role of the School Nurse. Erişim tarihi:20.04.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/chronic_conditions/pdfs/2017_02_15-FactSheet-RoleOfSchoolNurses_FINAL_508.pdf
5. 5. Flynn JT, Kaelber DC, Baker-Smith CM, Blowey D, Carroll AE, Daniels SR. et al. Subcommittee on Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children. Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics 2017; 140 (3): e20171904.6.
6. 6. Neyzi O, Günöz H, Furman A, Bundak R, Gökçay G, Darendeliler F, Baş F. Türk çocuklarında vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, baş çevresi ve vücut kitle indeksi referans değerleri. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2008; 51: 1-14.
7. 7. Irmak AY, Erdoğan S. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Digital Game Addiction Scale. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2015; 16 (Suppl. 1): 10-18
8. 8. Cheng Y, Liao Y, Chen D, Wang Y, Wu Y. Prevalence of dental caries and its association with body mass index among school-age children in Shenzhen, China. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19: 270.

9. 9. Hu Z, Yan X, Song Y, Ma S, Ma J, Zhu G. Trends of dental caries in permanent teeth among 12-year-old Chinese children: evidence from five consecutive national surveys between 1995 and 2014. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:467.
10. 10. Egemen E, Tüloğlu N. Eskişehir ilindeki çocuklarda diş çürüğü ve florozis görülme sıklığının değerlendirilmesi. Selcuk Dent J 2019; 6: 297-308.
11. 11. Koçanalı B, Topaloğlu Ak A, Çoğulu D. Çocuklarda Diş Çürüğüne Neden Olan Faktörlerin İncelenmesi. The Journal of Pediatric Research 2014; 1(2): 76-9.
12. 12. Türk Diş Hekimleri Birliği (TDHB) 2018 Ağız ve diş sağlığında yanlışlar ve doğrular. Erişim tarihi:24.04.2021, http://www.tdb.org.tr/icerik_goster.php?Id=2861
13. 13. Abarca-Gómez L, Abdeen ZA, Hamid ZA, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Acosta-Cazares B, Acuin C, et al. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128•9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2017; 390 (10113): 2627–42.
14. 14. Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması (TBSA) 2019 Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması. Erişim tarihi:10.04.2021, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/saglikli-beslenme-hareketli-hayat-db/Yayinlar/kitaplar/TBSA_RAPOR_KITAP_20.08.pdf
15. 15. Daniels SR, Hassink SG. The role of the pediatrician in primary prevention of obesity. Pediatrics 2015; 136: e275‐e292. 16. Cheema JR. Differences in computer use for entertainment between boys and girls: Evidence from a global survey. Entertain Comput 2015; 9:1-10.
16. 16. Cheema JR. Differences in computer use for entertainment between boys and girls: Evidence from a global survey. Entertain Comput 2015; 9:1-10.
17. 17. Gómez-Gonzalvo F,Molina P, Devís-Devís J. Which are the patterns of video game use in Spanish school adolescents? Gender as a key factor. Entertainment Computing 2020; 34:100366
18. 18. Ihmels MA, Welk GJ, Eisenmann JC, Nusser SM. Development and preliminary validation of a Family Nutrition and Physical Activity (FNPA) screening tool. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2009; 6: 14.
19. 19. McCurdy LE, Winterbottom SS, Mehta JR. Roberts Using nature and outdoor activity to improve children’s health. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care 2010; 40 (5): 102–117.
20. 20. McDool E, Powell P, Roberts J, Taylor K. The internet and children’s psychological wellbeing. Journal of Health Economics 2020; 69: 1022–74.
21. 21. American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) 2020 Media Habits During COVID-19: Children & Teens on Screens in Quarantine. Erişim tarihi: 10.04.2021, https://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/Docs/resource_libraries/covid-19/Screen-Time-During-COVID.pdf
22. 22. World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 A global brief on hypertension. Erişim tarihi: 10.04.2021, http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/global_brief_hypertension/en/
23. 23. World Health Organization (WHO)‎ ‎2009 Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks. Erişim tarihi: 10.04.2021, https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44203,
24. 24. 24. Sarıkan İ, Öngel K. Investigation of hypertension prevalance and risk factors in school children in Isparta. Med J SDU, 2020; 27 (4): 541-545.
25. 25. Hardy ST, Sakhuja S, Jaeger BC, Urbina EM, Suglia SF, Feig DI, Muntner P. Trends in Blood Pressure and Hypertension Among US Children and Adolescents, 1999-2018. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(4):e213917.
26. 26. Yılmaz H, Zateri C, Ozkan AK, Kayalar G, Berk H. Prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Turkey: an epidemiological study. The Spine Journal, 2020; 20 (6): 947-955.
27. 27. Vigneswaran, H.T. Grabel, Z.J. Eberson, C.P. Palumbo M.A., A.H. Daniels. Surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the United States from 1997 to 2012: an analysis of 20,346 patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2015; 16 (3): 322-328.
28. 28. Labelle H, Richards SB, De Kleuver M, Grivas TB, Luk KDK, Wong HK. et al. Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: an information statement by the scoliosis Research Society International Task Force. Scoliosis 2013; 8: 17.
29. 29. World Health Organization (WHO) 2020 Blindness and Deafness Unit & WHO Programme for the Prevention of Blindness. Elimination of avoidable visual disability due to refractive errors: report of an informal planning meeting. Erişim tarihi: 10.04.2021, https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67800