Determination of Oral Health Status in Patients Admitted to a University Hospital: A Pilot Study

Year 2016, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 196 - 204, 20.12.2016

Gökçen Akçiçek Hatice Boyacıoğlu Doğru Nihal Avcu

Abstract

Aim: Oral mucosa,
tongue, dentition and bone are important parameters for oral and systemic
health care. A wide variety of lesions and conditions, either harmless or
harmful, can affect the oral cavity. Identification and treatment of these
conditions are an important part of oral health care. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the general oral health status, by assessing the prevalence and
types of mucosal, tongue, dental and jaw lesions, in a group of patients. Materials and methods: This study was
conducted in a group of 314 dental outpatients. Participants’ oral mucosal,
tongue, dental, jaw lesions and their locations were recorded. Data were
analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Three hundred and fourteen patients (40.1% female, 59.9%
male), 148 (47.1%) of whom exhibited one or more mucosal lesions, 40 (12.7%)
tongue lesions, 242 (77.1%) one or more acquired dental conditions, 61 (19.4%)
one or more dental anomalies, and 22 (7.0%) bone manifestations in the jaws.
The most commonly detected mucosal lesions were Fordyce’s granules (20.1%),
linea alba buccalis (16.9%), melanoplakia (15.9%), and frictional keratosis (2.5%).
Fissured tongue (8.0%), geographic tongue (1.6%), lingual varicosity (1.3%) and
coated tongue (1.3%) were the most commonly determined tongue lesions. The most
commonly detected dental anomalies were hypodontia (6.1%), microdontia (4.1%),
dilaceration (4.1%), and enamel hypoplasia (2.5%). Exostoses (4.1%), enostoses
(1.0%) and fibro-osseous lesions (1.0%) were the most commonly detected bone
manifestations in the jaws. Conclusion:
Oral mucosal and tongue lesions could be a sign of systemic diseases and also
could form a base for oral cancers. In this study oral mucosal lesions and
tongue lesions prevalence were high but fortunately all the detected conditions
were harmless, benign conditions. This emphasizes the importance of
familiarity, awareness, and differentiation of these lesions and conditions to
avoid unnecessary treatments.

Keywords

Oral health, oral mucosal lesions, tooth anomalies

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