Assessment of Anemia Situation in the Elderly Who Attend Health Care at Home

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 42 - 51, 11.03.2019

Arzu Ayraler

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.420962

Cited By: 1

Öz

Aim: This
study aims to investigate the frequency and morphologic distribution of anemia
and the relationship of anemia with socio-demographic variables, the state of
chronic disease, and drug use in the patients at the age of 65 and older who
have been receiving home care service. Method:
This cross-sectional was carried out between August 2011 and September 2012 and
the study population involved 194 patients aged 65 years or older without a
terminal disease. Socio-demographic data form, which was standardized for home
care services by the Ministry of Health was employed and laboratory data were
investigated by patient files. The presence of Anemia was evaluated in
accordance with the definition of WHO. Results:
Total 194 persons, 121 women and 73 men with ages ranging from 65 to 104 were
included in the study. The mean age is 75,0±16,0 years. 58.2% (113) of the
cases involved in the study were diagnosed with anemia. Of the anemic cases
18.6%(n=21) were hypochromic, 78.8% (n=89) were normochromic, and 2.7% (n=3) macrocytic
anemia. Sedimentation rate and CRP level of the patients with anemia were
significantly higher than those of without anemia (p>0.05). The rate of
being bedridden and of using a bed with an air-bearing pad of the anemic cases
were also statistically significantly higher than that of without anemia
(p<0,05). Regarding MCV classification for patients with anemia, the mean of
medication intake, CRP measurement values, use of bed with air-bearing pad, the
frequency of neurological diagnosis was found out to be significantly higher in
normochromic group cases in comparison to hypochromic and macrocytic group
cases (p>0.05). Conclusion:
Anemia is quite common in the elderly benefitting from home health care
services and the vast majority has the anemia of chronic disease, inflammation
induced anemia or unexplained anemia. Iron deficiency is the most important and
the most frequent one among nutritional anemias. The evaluation of elderly
patients receiving home care services in terms of anemia is important to give
appropriate treatment that will positively affect their quality of life and it
will also hinder the complications associated with anemia

Amaç: Evde sağlık hizmeti almakta olan 65 yaş ve üstü hastalarda anemi sıklığı
ve morfolojik dağılımı ile anemi ilişkisinin sosyodemografik değişkenler,
kronik hastalık durumu ve ilaç kullanımı ile ilişkisi araştırılması. Bu kesitsel
çalışma, Ağustos 2011 ile Eylül 2012 arasında gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma
popülasyonu, 65 yaş ve üzeri, terminal hastalığı olmayan Evde sağlık birimine
kayıtlı 194 hasta ile yapıldı. Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından evde sağlık
hizmetleri için standardize edilen sosyo-demografik veri formu ve laboratuvar
verileri kullanıldı. Anemi varlığı WHO'nun tanımına göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 194 kişi,
yaşları 65 ile 104 arasında değişen 121 kadın ve 73 erkek alındı. Yaş
ortalaması 75,0 ± 16,0'dır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen kişilerin % 58.2'si (113)
anemiyle teşhis edildi. Anemik olguların%18.6'sı (n = 21) hipokrom, %78.8'i (n = 89) normokrom,
%2.7'si (n = 3) makrositik anemi idi. Anemili hastaların sedimentasyon hızı ve
CRP düzeyi anemisi olmayanlara göre daha yüksek bulundu (p> 0.05). Anemik
olguların hava yastığı ile yatak yatağı kullanma ve yatak başı olma oranı da
anemi olmaksızın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p <0,05).
Anemi hastaları için MCV sınıflaması ile ilgili olarak, hipokromik grup ve
makrositik grup vakalarına kıyasla normokromik grup olgularında ilaç alımı
ortalaması, CRP ölçüm değerleri, hava yastığı ile yatak kullanımı, nörolojik
tanı sıklığı anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p <0.05). Sonuç: Evde sağlık hizmetlerinden
yararlanan yaşlılarda demir eksikliği anemisini oldukça yaygındır ve büyük
çoğunluğu kronik hastalık, inflamasyon, GİS malignite veya açıklanamayan
anemiye sahiptir. Demir eksikliği, nutrisyonal anemiler arasında en önemli ve
en sık görülenidir. Yaşlıların anemi açısından değerlendirilmesi, yaşam kalitesini
olumlu yönde etkileyebilecek uygun bir tedavi sağlanması açısından önemlidir ve
aynı zamanda anemi ile ilişkili komplikasyonları da engelleyecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

elderly, homehealthcare, anemia, chronicdisease anemia

Kaynakça

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