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ÇALIŞAN KADINLARDA PANDEMİNİN RUHSAL ETKİLERİ VE SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM FARKINDALIĞI

Year 2021, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 602 - 609, 10.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.909485

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışan kadınlarda, pandemi sürecinde anksiyete, stres, korku düzeylerinin ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı kesitsel türde bir çalışmadır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de yaşayan dahil edilme kriterlerini taşıyan 18-65 yaş aralığında olan kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan 387 çalışan kadınla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Koronavirüs Korkusu Ölçeği”, “Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği” ve “Sağlıklı Yaşam Farkındalıkları Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, parametrik testler, pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların Koronavirüs (COVID-19) Korkusu puan ortalaması 18,00±6,75, Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres puan ortalaması 55,60±24,61 ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Farkındalık puan ortalaması 62,63±8,84’olarak bulunmuştur. Evli kadınların koronavirüs korkusu puan ortalamalarının (19,63±6,59), bekarlara göre (17,38±6,78) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (t=-3,271, p=,001). Araştırmada, 30-39 yaş aralığındaki kadınların, 20-29 yaş aralığındaki kadınlara göre (F=4,514, p=,012); 6-10 yıldır çalışma deneyimi olan kadınların 5 yıl ve altında çalışma deneyimi olanlara göre (F=4,819, p=,009) koronavirüs korkusu puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Koronavirüs korkusu ile sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı toplam puanı arasında (r=0,127; p<0,05) ve bütünleşik anksiyete stres puanı ile (r=0,348, p<0,01) pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sosyalleşme ve anksiyete, stres puanları koronavirüs korkusunu %19 açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırmada, çalışan kadınların pandemi sürecinde sağlıklı yaşam farkındalık puanı ruhsal durumlarını etkilediğinden sürecin etkili yönetilmesinde bireylerin ruhsal yönden desteklenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Yaş, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma süresi gibi değişkenler koronavirüs korkusu ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı ile ilişkilidir. Çalışan kadınlarda ruhsal etkilerin en aza indirilmesinde ve sağlıklı yaşam farkındalıklarının artırılmasını etkileyen faktörlerin dikkate alınması önerilmektedir.

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Thanks

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References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. 2020. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov
  • 2. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID 19 Durum Raporu. 2020. Erişim Adresi: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2020
  • 3. Chaturvedi K, Vishwakarma DK, Singh N. COVID-19 and its impact on education, social life and mental health of students: A survey. Child Youth Serv Rev 2021; 121:105866. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.
  • 4. Wenham C, Smith J, Morgan R. COVID-19: The gendered impacts of the outbreak. Lancet 2020; 395: 846–848. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2
  • 5. UNFPA COVID 19: A gender lens. 2020. Erişim Adresi: https://www.unfpa.org/resources/covid-19-gender-lens Erişim tarihi: 23.03.2021
  • 6. Zeybekoğlu Akbaş Ö, Dursun C. Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi sürecinde özel alanına kamusal alanı sığdıran çalışan anneler. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD) 2020; 7(5):78-94.
  • 7. Alon T, Doepke M, Olmstead-Rumsey J, Tertilt M. National Bureau of Economic Research; Cambridge, MA: 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality: working paper 26947. NBER Working Paper Series. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w26947/w26947.pdf
  • 8. ILO. Women health workers: Working relentlessly in hospitals and at home 2020. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_741060/lang--en/index.htm. Erişim Tarihi: 17.11.2020
  • 9. Demir Z, Toprak AÖ. Covid-19 Salgını nedeniyle yaşanan karantina günlerinde kadınların virüs ve gündelik yaşamla ilgili tutum ve davranışları. Turkish Studies 2020; 15(6): 391-413.
  • 10. Özdin S, Bayrak Özdin Ş. Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 2020;66(5):504-511. doi:10.1177/0020764020927051
  • 11. Kansal K. Qualitative analysis of COVID-19 on working women. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2020; 10(6): 41-44.
  • 12. Ebadi H. Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği Ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Balkan ve Yakın Doğu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2020; 6 (1): 89-99.
  • 13. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8
  • 14. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y
  • 15. Özer E, Yılmaz N. Sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Dergisi 2020; 3(1): 47-60. doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72138
  • 16. Ingram J, Maciejewski G, Hand CJ. Changes in diet, sleep, and physical activity are associated with differences in negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. Front Psychol 2020;11:588604. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588604.
  • 17. López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Casaña J, Casajús JA, Smith L, Tully MA, Andersen LL, López-Sánchez GF. COVID-19 confinement and health risk behaviors in Spain. Front Psychol 2020;11:1426. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01426.
  • 18. Gesser-Edelsburg A. Using narrative evidence to convey health ınformation on social media: The case of COVID-19. J Med Internet Res 2021;23(3):e24948. doi: 10.2196/24948.
  • 19. Peksoy Kaya S, Kaplan S. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde COVID-19 pandemisi farkındalıklarının ve sağlık davranışlarının sağlık okuryazarlığı ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. HEAD 2020;17(4):304-11.
  • 20. Niño M, Harris C, Drawve G, Fitzpatrick KM. Race and ethnicity, gender, and age on perceived threats and fear of COVID-19: Evidence from two national data sources. SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100717. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100717.
  • 21. Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. Journal of Infection 2020; 80 (6): e14–e18. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
  • 22. Yıldırım M, Geçer E, Akgül Ö. The impacts of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours against COVID-19. Psychology, Health & Medicine 2020; 26(1):35-43. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1776891.
  • 23. Andrade EF, Pereira LJ, Oliveira APL, Orlando DR, Alves DAG, Guilarducci JS, Castelo PM. Perceived fear of COVID-19 infection according to sex, age and occupational risk using the Brazilian version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Death Stud. 2020:1-10. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1809786.
  • 24. Jang WM, Kim UN, Jang DH, Jung H, Cho S, Eun SJ. Influence of trust on two different risk perceptions as an affective and cognitive dimension during Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea: Serial cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open 2020;10(3):1–10.
  • 25. Groarke JM, Berry E, Graham-Wisener L, McKenna-Plumley PE, McGlinchey E, Armour C. Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study. PLoS One 2020; 24;15(9):e0239698. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239698.
  • 26. Kim YJ, Kim ES. Relationship between phobic anxiety in work and leisure activity situations, and optimistic bias associated with COVID-19 among South Koreans. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22):8436. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228436.
  • 27. Gencer, N. Pandemi sürecinde bireylerin Koronavirüs (Kovid-19) korkusu: Çorum örneği. USBAD Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi 2020; 2(4): 1153-1173.
  • 28. Werneck AO, Silva DR, Malta DC, Souza-Júnior PRB, Azevedo LO, Barros MBA, Szwarcwald CL. Changes in the clustering of unhealthy movement behaviors during the COVID-19 quarantine and the association with mental health indicators among Brazilian adults. Transl Behav Med 2021;11(2):323-331. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa095.
  • 29. Arora T, Grey I. Health behaviour changes during COVID-19 and the potential consequences: A mini-review. Journal of Health Psychology 2020;25(9):1155-1163. doi:10.1177/1359105320937053
  • 30. Satici B, Gocet-Tekin E, Deniz ME, Satici SA. Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0.

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE PANDEMIC AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AWARENESS AMONG WORKING WOMEN

Year 2021, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 602 - 609, 10.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.909485

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study is to establish levels of anxiety, stress and fear, as well as healthy lifestyle awareness among working women, during the pandemic. Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research was carried out with 387 working women in the age range of 18-65, living in Turkey and meeting the inclusion criteria. Study data were collected using the "Introductory Form", "Fear of Covid-19 Scale", "Integrated Anxiety Stress Scale" and "Healthy Lifestyle Awareness Scale". Descriptive statistics, parametric tests, Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The women included in the study had a mean score of 18.00 ± 6.75 on the Fear of Coronavirus (COVID-19), a mean score of 55.60 ± 24.61 on the Integrated Anxiety, Stress Scale, and a mean score of 62.63 ± 8.84 on the Healthy Lifestyle Awareness Scale. It was determined that the mean score of Fear of Coronavirus (19.63±6.59) of married women was higher than that of single women (17.38±6.78) (t=-3.271, p=.001). It has been determined that women in the 30-39 age range have higher coronavirus fear scores than women in the 20-29 age range (F=4.514, p=.012), 6-10 years of working experience had higher coronavirus fear scores than those with 5 years or less working experience (F=4.819, p=.009). A positive and significant correlation was found between fear of coronavirus and healthy living awareness total score (r=0.127; p<0.05) and integrated anxiety stress score (r=0.348, p<0.01). Socialization and anxiety-stress scores explained the fear by 19%. Conclusion: Since the healthy life awareness score of the women working in the research affects their mental state during the pandemic process, it is very important to support the individuals in the effective management of the process. Variables such as age, marital status, educational level, and years of professional experience are associated with the fear of COVID-19 and healthy lifestyle awareness. Factors that improve healthy lifestyle awareness should be taken into consideration in order to minimize psychological effects in working women.

Project Number

-

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. 2020. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov
  • 2. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID 19 Durum Raporu. 2020. Erişim Adresi: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2020
  • 3. Chaturvedi K, Vishwakarma DK, Singh N. COVID-19 and its impact on education, social life and mental health of students: A survey. Child Youth Serv Rev 2021; 121:105866. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.
  • 4. Wenham C, Smith J, Morgan R. COVID-19: The gendered impacts of the outbreak. Lancet 2020; 395: 846–848. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2
  • 5. UNFPA COVID 19: A gender lens. 2020. Erişim Adresi: https://www.unfpa.org/resources/covid-19-gender-lens Erişim tarihi: 23.03.2021
  • 6. Zeybekoğlu Akbaş Ö, Dursun C. Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi sürecinde özel alanına kamusal alanı sığdıran çalışan anneler. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD) 2020; 7(5):78-94.
  • 7. Alon T, Doepke M, Olmstead-Rumsey J, Tertilt M. National Bureau of Economic Research; Cambridge, MA: 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality: working paper 26947. NBER Working Paper Series. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w26947/w26947.pdf
  • 8. ILO. Women health workers: Working relentlessly in hospitals and at home 2020. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_741060/lang--en/index.htm. Erişim Tarihi: 17.11.2020
  • 9. Demir Z, Toprak AÖ. Covid-19 Salgını nedeniyle yaşanan karantina günlerinde kadınların virüs ve gündelik yaşamla ilgili tutum ve davranışları. Turkish Studies 2020; 15(6): 391-413.
  • 10. Özdin S, Bayrak Özdin Ş. Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 2020;66(5):504-511. doi:10.1177/0020764020927051
  • 11. Kansal K. Qualitative analysis of COVID-19 on working women. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2020; 10(6): 41-44.
  • 12. Ebadi H. Bütünleşik Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği Ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Balkan ve Yakın Doğu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2020; 6 (1): 89-99.
  • 13. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8
  • 14. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y
  • 15. Özer E, Yılmaz N. Sağlıklı yaşam farkındalığı: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Dergisi 2020; 3(1): 47-60. doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72138
  • 16. Ingram J, Maciejewski G, Hand CJ. Changes in diet, sleep, and physical activity are associated with differences in negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. Front Psychol 2020;11:588604. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588604.
  • 17. López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Casaña J, Casajús JA, Smith L, Tully MA, Andersen LL, López-Sánchez GF. COVID-19 confinement and health risk behaviors in Spain. Front Psychol 2020;11:1426. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01426.
  • 18. Gesser-Edelsburg A. Using narrative evidence to convey health ınformation on social media: The case of COVID-19. J Med Internet Res 2021;23(3):e24948. doi: 10.2196/24948.
  • 19. Peksoy Kaya S, Kaplan S. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde COVID-19 pandemisi farkındalıklarının ve sağlık davranışlarının sağlık okuryazarlığı ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. HEAD 2020;17(4):304-11.
  • 20. Niño M, Harris C, Drawve G, Fitzpatrick KM. Race and ethnicity, gender, and age on perceived threats and fear of COVID-19: Evidence from two national data sources. SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100717. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100717.
  • 21. Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. Journal of Infection 2020; 80 (6): e14–e18. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
  • 22. Yıldırım M, Geçer E, Akgül Ö. The impacts of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours against COVID-19. Psychology, Health & Medicine 2020; 26(1):35-43. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1776891.
  • 23. Andrade EF, Pereira LJ, Oliveira APL, Orlando DR, Alves DAG, Guilarducci JS, Castelo PM. Perceived fear of COVID-19 infection according to sex, age and occupational risk using the Brazilian version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Death Stud. 2020:1-10. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1809786.
  • 24. Jang WM, Kim UN, Jang DH, Jung H, Cho S, Eun SJ. Influence of trust on two different risk perceptions as an affective and cognitive dimension during Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea: Serial cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open 2020;10(3):1–10.
  • 25. Groarke JM, Berry E, Graham-Wisener L, McKenna-Plumley PE, McGlinchey E, Armour C. Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study. PLoS One 2020; 24;15(9):e0239698. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239698.
  • 26. Kim YJ, Kim ES. Relationship between phobic anxiety in work and leisure activity situations, and optimistic bias associated with COVID-19 among South Koreans. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22):8436. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228436.
  • 27. Gencer, N. Pandemi sürecinde bireylerin Koronavirüs (Kovid-19) korkusu: Çorum örneği. USBAD Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi 2020; 2(4): 1153-1173.
  • 28. Werneck AO, Silva DR, Malta DC, Souza-Júnior PRB, Azevedo LO, Barros MBA, Szwarcwald CL. Changes in the clustering of unhealthy movement behaviors during the COVID-19 quarantine and the association with mental health indicators among Brazilian adults. Transl Behav Med 2021;11(2):323-331. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa095.
  • 29. Arora T, Grey I. Health behaviour changes during COVID-19 and the potential consequences: A mini-review. Journal of Health Psychology 2020;25(9):1155-1163. doi:10.1177/1359105320937053
  • 30. Satici B, Gocet-Tekin E, Deniz ME, Satici SA. Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2020; 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Orijinal Articles
Authors

Adeviye Aydın 0000-0003-1929-5139

Özlem Güner 0000-0002-8302-9073

Project Number -
Publication Date September 10, 2021
Submission Date April 6, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Aydın A, Güner Ö. ÇALIŞAN KADINLARDA PANDEMİNİN RUHSAL ETKİLERİ VE SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM FARKINDALIĞI. TJFMPC. 2021;15(3):602-9.

English or Turkish manuscripts from authors with new knowledge to contribute to understanding and improving health and primary care are welcome.