Türkiye'de Büyükşehirde Yaşayan Evli Kadınların Uyguladıkları Aile Planlaması Yöntemine İlişkin Görüşleri: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2023, Volume: 17 Issue: 3 - Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 389 - 397, 20.09.2023

Aysu Yıldız Karaahmet , Fatma Şule Bilgiç

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1262567

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma, kadınların kullandıkları dört farklı aile planlamasına yönelik görüşlerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Nitel tipte yapılan bu araştırma Ocak-Şubat 2023 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul'da yaşayan 33 kadın oluşturdu. Araştırmaya katılan kadınlar rahim içi araç (RİA), kombine oral kontraseptif (KOK), kondom ve geri çekme yöntemlerine göre kategorize edildi ve maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme tekniğiyle sağlandı.
Bulgular: Bu nitel çalışma, Türkiye'de yaşayan kadınlarla yapılan 33 görüşmeden elde edilen verilere dayanmaktadır. Makalede dört farklı aile planlaması yöntemi, karar verme süreci, aile planlamasının cinsel yaşama etkisi ile ilgili inançlar ve 4 ana tema belirlenmiştir. Kadınların aile planlaması yöntem seçimlerinde ve karar verme sürecinde çevre ve sağlık personelinden etkilendikleri, internetten yararlandıkları ve karar verme sürecinde eşlerinin yetkin oldukları görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada cinsiyet normlarının erkeklere üreme konusunda karar verme yetkisi verdiği; bu, bir kadının sahip olduğu çocuk sayısı veya hamileliği planlaması konusunda son sözü genellikle eşlerinin söylediği anlamına gelir. Kadınların kendi tercihlerinin olmaması, sağlık personelinin bu tercih ve kaygılarının belgelenmesinin yanı sıra, müdahalelere karşı temkinli olmalarını dikkate alarak, müdahalenin tasarımı, uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesine entegre edilmesi açısından faydalıdır.

Keywords

Aile Planlaması, Kondom, Kombine oral kontraseptif, Rahim içi araç

The Opinions of Married Women Living in the Metropolitan Area of Turkey on the Family Planning Method they Use: A Qualitative Research

Abstract

Objective: This research was conducted to examine the views of women on four different types of family planning they use.
Materials and Methods: The period of time for this qualitative study was January through February 2023. 33 Istanbul-based women made up the study's sample. In order to create the greatest possible diversity, the study's participants' women were divided into groups according to their use of intrauterine devices (IUDs), combination oral contraceptives (COC), condoms, and withdrawal methods.
Results: Based on information from 33 interviews with Turkish women, this qualitative research. Four different family planning strategies, the decision-making process, attitudes regarding the impact of family planning on sexual life, and four major themes were identified in the article. It has been observed that women are influenced by the environment and health personnel in family planning method choices and decision-making processes, they benefit from the internet, and their spouses are competent in the decision-making process.
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that gender norms gave men the authority to decide on reproduction; this means that their partner usually has the final say on the number of children a woman has or planning a pregnancy. The fact that women do not have their own preferences is beneficial in terms of documenting these preferences and concerns of health personnel, as well as integrating them into the design, implementation and evaluation of the intervention, taking into account their caution towards interventions.

Keywords

Family planning, condom, combine oral controception, intro uterin device

References

• 1. Baltacı A. Qualitative research process: How to conduct a qualitative research?. Journal of Ahi Evran University Institute of Social Sciences. 2019; 5(2), 368-388.
• 2. Erdogan S. Qualitative research. In Research process, practice and critical in nursing 2015; (1st Edition pp.131-164). Istanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore.
• 3. Karatas Z. Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Journal of Spiritually Based Social Work Research. 2015; 1(1), 62-80
• 4. Whole M, Demir SB. (Editöler). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Ankara: Pegem academy. (2014); 3. Baskı.75-143
• 5. Eryılmaz N, Ege E. Attitudes of postpartum women towards family planning and related factors. Journal of Human Sciences.2016;13(2):3389-3401.
• 6. Gavas E, Inal S. Situations and attitudes of women using family planning methods in Turkey: A systematic review. Journal of Health and Life Sciences. 2019; 1(2), 37-43.
• 7. Guttmacher Institute. Adding It Up: Investing in Contraception and Maternal and Newborn Health, 2017. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2017. https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/factsheet/adding-it-up-contraception-mnh-2017.pdf. Accessed July 8. 2019; 11-18
• 8. Khan AA. Family planning trends and programming in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2012;71(11), S3-S11.
• 9. Kırıcı P, Kaplan S, Karacor T, Nacar, M. C. The effect of family planning counseling on women's preference for contraceptive methods: Experience of a tertiary center. Medical Journal of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Neonatology.2020; 17(3), 425-430.
• 10. Seyrek SG, Çakıroğlu MM, İncekara N. Family Planning and Contraceptive Methods. Turkey Health Literacy Journal.2021;2(3), 184-190.
• 11. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349-357.
• 12. Solo J, Festin M. Provider bias in family planning services: a review of its meaning and manifestations. Global Health: Science and Practice. 2019;7(3), 371-385.
• 13. Tadele A, Abebaw D, Ali R. Predictors of unmet need for family planning among all women of reproductive age in Ethiopia. Contraception and reproductive medicine.2019; 4(1), 1-9.
• 14. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey 2018 Key Findings. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies Ministry of Health General Directorate of Mother and Child Health and Family Planning, Ankara, 2018.
• 15. Sandelowski M. Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing&Health, 2000; 23(4): 334-340. 30.
• 16. Elo S, Kyngas H. The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2008; 62(1): 107-115.
• 17. Demir O, Ozalp M, Sal H, Aran T, Osmanagaoglu MA. Evaluation of the frequency of coitus interruptus and the effect of contraception counselling on this frequency. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2021;41(3):453-458.
• 18. Cetişli NE, Top ED, Arkan G, Kaba F, Ertop F. The effects that family planning methods have on married women’s sexual health and selfesteem. HEAD. 2016; 13(2): 101-106. DOI:10.5222/HEAD.2016.101. 40.
• 19. Cavlin A. Fertility in Turkish demographic and health survey 2018. Ankara, Turkey: Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. 2019; 92–105.
• 20. Oskay U, Dissiz M. Effect of the contraceptive methods on female sexual function. Int J Caring Sci. 2017;10(1):366–76. http:// www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/40_dissiz_ original_10_1.pdf
• 21. Karabulutlu Ö, Ersöz B. Factors affecting the choice of method and method used in married women aged 15-49 years who use family planning method connected to the district center of Kars province, thirsty. Kafkas J Sci. 2017;4:26–44. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/articlefile/408412
• 22. Kaplan E, Zeyneloğlu S. Determination of the effect of withdrawal method on women's sexual satisfaction and marital harmony. Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Health Sciences Derg. 2018;1:10–7th https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/586474
• 23. Akalın A. ve Bostancı Ş. Sexual functions and sexual quality of life in the reproductive age women using method of family planning. Androl Bul. 2022; 24:110−117
• 24. Kahraman K, Göç G, Taşkın S, et al. Factors influencing the contraceptive method choice: a university hospital experience. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2012;13(2):102-105.
• 25. Kaplan SE, Duman M, Yilmaz S. Sexual life quality and marital adjustment in women with and without diabetes. Sex Disabil. 2020; 38:625–35. [CrossRef]
• 26. Albsoul-Younes A.M., Saleh F., El-Khateeb W. “Perception Of Efficacy And Safety As Determinants For Use And Discontinuation Of Birth Control Methods İn Muslim Jordanian Women. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care.”.2003; 8(3) s:156-6.
• 27. Ongar E. 21. Yüzyıl Türkiye, (28.Edition) Remzi Kitapevi, İstanbul.2003;520-601.