TRADITIONAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES RELATED TO PUERPERIUM, NEONATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING IN THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD

Year 2024, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 204 - 214, 28.05.2024

Burak Şirin , Gizem Çıtak , Nermin Gürhan

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1380579

Abstract

Objective: In this research, we aimed to determine the traditional beliefs and implemented practices of women in postpartum period regarding puerperium, neonatal, care, and breastfeeding.
Method: The study was cross-sectional and descriptive and consisted of 618 women living in seven regions of Turkey between December 12,2022 and January 15,2023. The data were collected through a personal information form created by the researchers and snowball sampling method was used. Mean, standard deviation, number, percentage, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the data.
Findings: The average age of the women participating in the study was between 38.15±10.62, and the duration of the marriage was 16.59±11.54 years. Of the women, 33.3% are primary school graduates, 73% are not working, 54.4% have an income equivalent to expenses, and 86.9% have a nuclear family structure. Of them, 59.7% stated that they resorted to traditional practices related to puerperal care, 61.8% to neonatal care, and 47.9% to breastfeeding. The traditional practices that women use the most are abstinence from sexual intercourse for forty days in puerperium (66.8%), swaddling in neonatal care (75.9%), consuming hot milk, soup, etc., and increasing milk consumption during breastfeeding (62.6%). It was found that there is a significant difference between the traditional methods applied for puerperal care, neonatal care, and breastfeeding when compared by region (p<0.05).
Conclusions and recommendations: It was determined that the women participating in the study applied many traditional methods related to puerperium, neonatal care, and breastfeeding. Although these methods show regional differences, they are often used. It is proposed to increase the awareness of society and health professionals specialized in their field about traditional methods and to create policies for health organizations to identify and inform, considering that these traditional methods may create differences in individuals.

Keywords

Postpartum, Breastfeeding, Neonatal, Traditional Practices

POSTPARTUM DÖNEMDE LOHUSALIK, YENİDOĞAN BAKIMI VE EMZİRME İLE İLGİLİ GELENEKSEL İNANÇ VE UYGULAMALAR

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma doğum yapmış kadınların lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı, emzirmeye yönelik geleneksel inanç ve uygulamalarını saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanmış olup, 15 Aralık 2022 ve 15 Ocak2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin yedi bölgesinde yaşayan 618 kadından oluşmuştur. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan kişisel bilgi formu aracılığıyla toplanmış ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalama, standart sapma, sayı, yüzde ve ki kare testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalaması 38.15±10.62 ve evlilik süresi 16.59±11.54 yıldır. Kadınların %33.3’ü ilköğretim mezunu, %73’ü çalışmıyor, %54.4’ünün geliri giderine denk, %86.9’u çekirdek aile yapısına sahiptir. Kadınların %59.7’si lohusalık, %61.8’si yenidoğan bakımı, %47.9’u emzirme ile ilgili geleneksel uygulamalara başvurduğunu belirtmiştir. Kadınların en fazla uyguladıkları geleneksel uygulamalar lohusalarda (%66.8) kırk gün cinsel ilişkiye girilmemesi, yenidoğan bakımında (%75.9) kundaklama, emzirme döneminde (%62.6) sütü artırmak için sıcak süt, çorba vb. içirilmesi şeklinde sıralanmaktadır. Lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı ve emzirmeye yönelik uygulanan geleneksel yöntemlerin bölgelere göre bakıldığında anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05).
Sonuç ve öneriler: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı ve emzirme ile ilgili birçok geleneksel yöntemi uyguladıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu yöntemler bölgesel farklılıklar göstermekle birlikte, sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Toplum ve alanında uzman sağlık çalışanlarının geleneksel yöntemler konusunda farkındalığının artırılması ve sağlık kuruluşlarının bu geleneksel yöntemlerin bireylerde farklılık oluşturabileceği göz önünde bulundurularak tespit ve bilgilendirme yapması konusunda politikalar oluşturulması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Postpartum, Emzirme, Yenidoğan, Geleneksel Uygulamalar

References

• 1. Çalbayram Çakırer, N., Gönenç, İ. M., & Topuz, N. Traditional beliefs and practices of women from preconceptional period to postpartum period. Journal of Health Sciences and Professions, 2019;6(2), 237-246.
• 2. Walton, L. M., & Brown, D. Cultural barriers to maternal health care in rural Bangladesh. Journal of Health Ethics, Fall, 2012;9(1). 1-12.
• 3. Douglas, M. K., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D. F., Callister, L. C., Hattar-Pollara, M., Lauderdale, J., Purnell, L. Guidelines for implementing culturally competent nursing care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 2014;25(2), 109-121.
• 4. Shamaki, M. A., & Buang, A. Sociocultural practices in maternal health among women in a less developed economy: An overview of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Geografia, 2014;10(6).
• 5. Zeyneloğlu, S., & Kısa, S. Traditional practices for maternal and newborn care among Turkish postpartum women. Applied Nursing Research, 2018;39, 148-153.
• 6. Tanrıverdi, G., & Gülyenli, N. Traditional practices applied during pregnancy in Turkey: Systematic review. In J. Akgöl (Ed.), Different Dimensions of Health (pp. 35-45). Rating Academy Publications, 2020.
• 7. Ozsoy, S. A., & Katabi, V. A comparison of traditional practices used in pregnancy, labour and the postpartum period among women in Turkey and Iran. Midwifery, 2008;24(3), 291-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2006.06.008.
• 8. Ohnishi, M., Oishi, K., & Leshabari, S. Customs and practices during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period in the Kilimanjaro area, Tanzania. Health Science Research, 2015;(27), 85-90.
• 9. Egelioğlu, N., Muslu, G. K., Şen, S., Güneri, S. E., Bolışık, B., & Saruhan, A. Traditional practices applied in the postpartum period in the Aegean region. International Journal of Refereed Nursing Research (UHD), 2014;1(1), 22-35.
• 10. Akman, G. Gözüyeşil E. Examination of research on traditional practices in the postpartum period. International Refereed Journal of Obstetrics and Maternal and Child Health, 2018;12, 92-125.
• 11. Çevik, A., & Alan, S. Traditional practices in the postpartum period. Mersin University Faculty of Medicine Lokman Hekim Journal of Medical History and Folkloric Medicine, 2020;10(1), 14-22.
• 12. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 2007;39(2), 175–191.
• 13. Cohen, J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 1988, 25-27.
• 14. Işık, T., Akçınar, M., Kadıoğlu, S. Traditional Practices for Mother and Newborn in Pregnancy, Birth and Puerperium Periods in Mersin Province, International Journal of Human Sciences, 2010:7 (1), 63-84
• 15. Yiğitalp, G., & Gümüş, F. Traditional Practices Related to Infant Care of Women Aged 15-49 in Diyarbakır. Journal of Pediatric Disease/Cocuk Hastaliklari Dergisi, 2017;11(3).
• 16. Sivri, B. B., & Karataş, N. Traditional Practices for Maternal Care in the Postpartum Period. Bozok Medical Journal, 2015;39.
• 17. Ergün, S., Kaynak, S., Karadaş, A., & Çevik, C. Investigation of traditional practice preferences of women in an ASM region in the postpartum period. Journal of Continuing Medical Education, 2019;37-47.
• 18. Egelioğlu, N., Muslu, G. K., Şen, S., Güneri, S. E., Bolışık, B., & Saruhan, A. Traditional practices applied in the postpartum period in the Aegean region. International Peer-reviewed Journal of Nursing Research (UHD), 2014;1(1), 22-35.
• 19. Altuntuğ, K., Anık, Y., & Ege, E. Traditional practices of mothers in the postpartum period: Evidence from Turkey. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2018;22(1), 94-102.
• 20. Bı̇ltekı̇n, Ö., Boran, Ö.D., Denklı̇, M.D., Yalçınkaya, S. Traditional Practices in Prenatal Period and Infant Care of Mothers with 0-11 Month Old Babies in Naldöken Health Center Region, STED,2004;13 (15), 166-168
• 21. Dı̇nç, S. Traditional Practices Applied in the Care of Children by Mothers with 0- 1 Year Old Children Registered in Health Center No. 4 in the Center of Şanlıurfa, Journal of Research and Development in Nursing, 2005;1 (2), 53- 63
• 22. Şenol, V., Ünalan, D., Çetı̇nkaya, F., Öztürk, Y. Traditional Practices Related to Folk Midwifery in Kayseri Province, Clinical Development, 2004;17 (3/4), 47- 55
• 23. Çevirme H., Sayan, A. Alkarısı Beliefs and Science, Milli Folklor, 2005;17 (65), 67-72
• 24. Egelioğlu Cetişli, N., Karayağız Muslu, G., Şen, S., Güneri, S., 4 Bolışık, B., Saruhan, A. Traditional Practices Applied in the Postpartum Period in the Aegean Region. International Refereed Journal of Nursing Research, 2014; Issue: 02 Volume: 01 Spring Summer Id:11 K:35 www.khsdergisi.com.
• 25. Pekyiğit, A., Yıldız, D., Fidancı, B. E., Bağrıyanık, B. Ç., Dehmen, Ö., Koçak, T., & Altıntaş, S. Intergenerational dimension of traditional practices used by mothers in infant care. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2020;14(3), 443-451.
• 26. Eğrı̇, G., Gölbaşı, Z. Traditional Practices of 15-49 Age Group Married Women for Baby Care in the Postpartum Period, TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2007;6 (5), 313-320.
• 27. Yalçın, H. Traditional Practices Related to Pregnancy, Birth, Puerperium and Baby Care (Karaman sample), Journal of Pediatrics, 2012;55, 19-31
• 28. Şenol, V., Ünalan, D., Çetinkaya, F., Öztürk, Y. Traditional Practices Related to Folk Midwifery in Kayseri Province, Clinical Development, 2004;17 (3/4), 47- 55
• 29. Arısoy, A., Canbulat, N., Ayhan, F. Traditional Methods Applied by Mothers in Karaman Province in the Care of Their Babies, Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2014;17 (1), 23-31
• 30. Çalışkan, Z., Bayat, M. Infant Care Practices of Mothers and Affecting Factors: Cappadocia Sample Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2011;14 (2), 23-30
• 31. Sis, Çelı̇k, A., Çapık, A., Engı̇n, R. Determination of Traditional Practices in Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Erzurum, Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2012;15 (4), 262-267
• 32. Çetı̇nkaya, A., Özmen, D., Cambaz, S. Traditional Practices Related to Neonatal Health in the Postpartum Period of 15- 49 Year Old Women with Children in Manisa, Cumhuriyet University Journal of School of Nursing, 2008;12 (2), 39-46
• 33. Tanrıverdi, S., Köroğlu, Ö. A., Kültürsay, N., & Egemen, A. Mothers' opinions and approaches about the factors that increase breast milk. The Journal of Pediatric Research,2014;1(2), 84-6.
• 34. Myint, M. H. , Najimudeen, M., Rao, S., & Win, M. M. C. Traditional Practices during Postpartum Period among Women in Ampang, Malaysia. Journal of Management & Science, 2019;17(1), 8-8.
• 35. Sarı, E., Tandoğan, Ö., Satılmış, İ. G., & Yılmaz, N. Traditional Practices of Mothers Related to Breastfeeding: Istanbul and Van Sample. Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2023;16(2), 141-155.
• 36. Ünver, Z. Traditional practices of mothers with 0-24 month old children towards increasing breast milk. (Master's thesis).T.C. İnönü university health sciences institute nursing department, Malatya, 2014,30-32.