ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS IN BARTIN PROVINCE, NORTH ANATOLIA REGION

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 42 - 48, 26.06.2019

Gürsel Karahan , Enis Kapdan Nesli Bingöldağ Berna Ataksor Halim Taşkın Nilgün Orhan Recep Bıyık

Abstract

The
aim of this study is to determine the background radioactivity levels and
assess the relevant health risks for Bartın province located north coast of
Turkey. For this purpose the collected soil samples were analyzed by the
method of gamma spectrometry, outdoor gamma dose rates were investigated by
in-situ measurements and the collected drinking water samples were analyzed by
proportional counter with gas flow. The average activity of radionuclides ²²⁶Ra,
²³²Th, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs in soil were determined
as 20.2±7.3, 26.9±10.5, 445±175, 6.4±6.4 Bq kg^-1 respectively for Bartın
province. The mean outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate was measured 1 m away from
the ground as 56±15 nGy h^-1
for the region. The average gross alpha and beta activity for drinking
water were found to be 0.039±0.048 and 0.135±0.403 Bq L^-1
respectively. The average annual effective dose value due to cosmic,
terrestrial radiations and alpha-beta activity in water was calculated as 0.03±0.01,
0.04±0.01 and 0.02±0.03 mSv respectively for people living in the region.
Spatial distribution map of each
radiologic parameter plotted for the region is presented in the paper.

Keywords

Bartın, cancer risk, radionuclide, gamma dose rate, gross alpha, gross beta, biological effective radiation dose

KUZEY ANADOLU BÖLGESİNDE BULUNAN BARTIN İLİNDE ÇEVRESEL RADYOAKTİVİTE ÖLÇÜMLERİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin kuzey sahilindeki Bartın ili için fon
radyoaktivite düzeylerini belirlemek ve ilgili sağlık risklerini
değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla toplanan toprak örnekleri gama spektrometresi
yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş, dış ortamdaki gama doz oranları yerinde ölçümlerle
araştırılmış ve toplanan içme suyu örnekleri gaz akışlı orantılı sayaç ile
analiz edilmiştir. Topraktaki ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K
ve ¹³⁷Cs radyonüklitlerinin ortalama aktivitesi, Bartın ili için
sırasıyla 20.2 ± 7.3, 26.9 ± 10.5, 445 ± 175, 6.4 ± 6.4 Bq kg^-1
olarak belirlenmiştir. Bölge için ortalama yerden 1 m yükseklikte havada
absorbe edilen gama doz hızı, 56 ± 15 nGy h^-1 olarak ölçülmüştür.
İçme suyu için ortalama toplam alfa ve beta aktivitesi sırasıyla 0.039 ± 0.048
ve 0.135 ± 0.403 BqL^-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Bölgede yaşayanlar için
kozmik, karasal radyasyonlar ve sudaki alfa-beta aktivitesine bağlı ortalama
yıllık efektif doz değerleri, sırasıyla, 0.03 ± 0.01, 0.04 ± 0.01 ve 0.02 ±
0.03 mSv olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her bir radyolojik parametrenin bölge için
çizilen dağılım haritası makalede sunulmaktadır.

Keywords

Bartın, kanser riski, radyonüklid, gama doz hızı, toplam alfa, toplam beta, biyolojik etkin radyasyon dozu

References

• Ahmad, N., Jaafar, M. S., Alsaffar, M. S. (2015). Study of radon concentration and toxic elements in drinking and irrigated water and its implications in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences 8: 294 -299Değerlier, M., Karahan G. (2010). Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in Adana, Turkey. Desalination 261 126-130.Değerlier, M., Karahan G., Ozger, G. (2008). Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 99 1018-1025.Gokmen, I.G., Akgoz, M., Gokmen, A. (1996). Chernobyl radioactivity on the Black Sea coast of Turkey. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 355, 736-738.Görür, F. K., Camgöz, H. (2014). Natural radioactivity in various water samples and radiation dose estimations in Bolu, Turkey. Chemosphere, 112 pp. (134-140.Huseyinli, A. A., Hajiyeva, S., Yolchiyeva, F., Nazarov, E. (2016). Chemical analysis of Drinking Water Samples from Oguz - Gabala Baku Pipeline. Journal of Natural Sciences, June 2016, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 25-34International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA-375) (2000). Radionuclides and Trace Elements in Soil. Analytical Quality Control Services, WagramerStrasse 5,Vienna, Austria. ICRP, (1991). Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 60. Annals of the ICRP 21 1-3.ICRP, (2007). Recommendations of the ICRP: ICRP Publication 103 Annals of the ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection Volume 37/2-4.Kapdan, E., Taşkın, H., Kam, E., Osmanlıoğlu, A.E., Karahan, G., Bozkurt, A., 2011). Study of Environmental Radioactivity Measurements for Cankırı, Turkey. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, pp. 1-7.Kapdan, E., Varinlioglu, A., Karahan, G. (2012). Outdoor Radioactivity and Health Risks in Balıkesir, Northwestern Turkey. Radiation Protection Dosimetry Vol. 148, No. 3, pp. 301-309.Kapdan, E., Altınsoy, N., Karahan, G., Taşkın, H. (2011). Determination of the health hazards due to background radiation sources in the city of Adapazarı, Northwestern Turkey. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies Int. Vol. 47, No. 1, 93-100. Karahan G., Bayulken A. (2000). Assessment of gamma dose rates around Istanbul Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 47, 213-221.Karahan G., Öztürk, N., Bayülken, A. (2000). Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in Istanbul, Turkey. Water Res., 3418 4367-4370.Karahan, G., (2010). Risk Assessment of Baseline Outdoor Gamma Dose Rate Levels Study of Natural Radiation Sources in Bursa, Turkey. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 142, Issue 2-4, pp. 1-8.Kobya, Y., Taşkın, H., Yeşilkanat, C.M., Çevik, U., Karahan, G., Çakır, B. (2015). Radioactivity Survey and Risk Assessment Study for Drinking Water in the Artvin, Turkey. Water Air Soil Pollut. 226: 49.Kucukomeroglu, B., Yesilbag, Y. O., Kurnaz, A., Celik, N., Cevik, U., Celebi, N. (2011). Radiological Characterisation of Artvin and Ardahan Provinces of Turkey. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 145, No. 4, pp. 389-394.Orgun, Y., Altınsoy, N., Sahin, S.Y., Gungor, Y., Gültekin, A.H., Karahan, G., Karacık, Z. (2007). “Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in rocks and beach sands from Ezine region (Çanakkale), Western Anatolia, Turkey”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes 65, 739-747 Taşkın, H., Karavus, M., Ay, P., Topuzoglu, A., Hidiroglu, S., Karahan, G. (2009). Radionuclide concentrations in soil and lifetime cancer risk due to gamma radioactivity in Kırklareli, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 100, 49-53.Taşkın, H., Kam, E., Bozkurt, A. (2012). Determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in drinking waters in Bursa region of north-western Turkey. Desalination and Water Treatment, 45:1-3, 21-25.UNSCEAR, (1982). Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation to the General Assembly. United Nations, New York.UNSCEAR, (2000). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, Sources, Effects, and Risks of Ionizing Radiation.UNSCEAR, (2008). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, Sources, Effects, and Risks of Ionizing Radiation.USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 2017). Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) (Available online in http://www.epa.gov/iris).WHO, (2004). Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. 3rd ed., Vol. 1. Recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO, (2011). Guidelines for Drinking- Water Quality, fourth ed. Geneva. World Health Organization.