Pandemic (H1N1) influenza in Diyarbakir, 2009
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the pandemic (H1N1) influenza outbreak in 2009. Method: Influenza like illness (ILI) cases were reported between the 36th to 53rd weeks of the pandemic, from all health centres. 731 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from ILI cases. Results: The first H1N1 confirmed case was reported at the 36th week and an increasing trend continued. At the 43rd week the outbreak reached its maximum level and at the 53rd week the level had decreased to the level at the start. During the outbreak 31117 cases were reported as ILI and 635 cases were hospitalized (hospitalization rate was 2.0%) and 17 H1N1 laboratory confirmed cases died (mortality rate 11.5/1.000.000). Symptoms of laboratory confirmed cases were similar to seasonal influenza. Coughing (90.9%), fever (84.5%), running nose (69.5%), headache (73.4%), diarrhoea (17.5%) were the some of the symptoms in laboratory confirmed cases. The median interval between the onset of symptoms and hospital admission was 3.5 days (min: 1, max: 11 days) and this was 7.5 days for the occurrence of death. Conclusion: During 36th to 53rd week an important outbreak of ILI was occurred. The mortality rate was not so high as expected but the infectivity was high. The delay for hospital admission may lead to higher mortality particularly for pregnant women.
Keywords
Pandemic influenza, H1N1, case fatality rate, hospitalization rate
References
- Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 - update 81, (2009)
- http://www.who.int/csr/don/2009_12_30/ en/index.html (accessed: 30.12.2009)
- Grip, Turkish Ministry of Health, Dec.2009. http://www.grip.gov.tr/(accessed: 30.12.2009)
- Main surveillance developments in week 51/2009 (from 14 Dec 2009 to 20 Dec 2009) ECDC, (2009).
- http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Pub lications/091224_EISN_Weekly_Influenz a_Surveillance_Overview.pdf (accessed: 04.01.2010) 4. Epicurve, 2009
- http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopic s/PublishingImages/EU_Epicurve.JPG (Accessed: 05.01.2010)
- European Centre for Disease prevention and control 2009. Pandemic H1N1 2009 Risk Assesment Update-30 Dec 2009
- Echevarria-Zuno S, Mejia-Arangure JM, Mar-Obeso Roboles-Perez E, Gonzalez-Leon M, et al. Infection and death from influenza A H1N1 virus in Mexico: a retrospective analysis. Lancet 2009; Nov 11 epub ahead of print. C,
- Luan-Yin Chang, Shin-Ru Shih, Pei-Lan Shao,Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang, Li-Min Huang. Novel Swine-origin Influenza Virus A (H1N1): The First Pandemic of the 21st Century. J Formos Med Assoc 2009; 108(7): 526-32.
- Advice to businesses on helping minimise the spread of swine flu. Cabinet office UK, (2009). http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/media /225195/20090716- planningassumptions.pdf (accessed : 24.12.2009)