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Kanada Saskatchewan’da halk sağlığı sorunları ve bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 83 - 95, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.459158

Abstract

Amaç: Bu yazının temel amacı diyabet, obezite, sigara içme, alkol tüketimi ve yol kenarı yaralanmaları gibi kronik bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıkların ortaya çıkışı ve Saskatchewan sağlık sistemi üzerindeki etkisi hakkında bilgi vermektir. Yöntem: Bu konudaki yayınları gözden geçirmek için Kanada Halk Sağlığı Kurumu, Kanada Sağlık Bilgi Enstitüsü web sitesi, Medline, Scopus, PubMed ve CINAHL gibi elektronik veritabanlarını araştırdık. Elektronik aramalar “Saskatchewan'daki sağlık bakımı, diyabet, obezite, alkol ve yol kenarındaki yaralanmalar” olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Obezite diyabet ve hiperlipidemi ile ilişkilidir. Yetersiz meyve ve sebze alımı obezite ile ilişkili olabilir, ancak obeziteyi anlamak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Sigara içmek kronik solunum yolu hastalıklarına, koroner arter hastalığına ve kansere yol açar ve bu nedenle ölümün önde gelen nedenidir. Hatalı sürüş kaynaklı yaralanmalar, ülkeye yılda milyonlarca dolar yük getiren alkolün önde gelen sonuçlarıdır. Farkındalık geliştirmek için etkili bir kitle iletişim kampanyasına ihtiyaç vardır. Trafik kazaları nedeniyle hastaneye yatış, etkili güvenlik önlemleri ve kaliteli bakımın artırılması ile ulusal düzeyde azalmaktadır. Ancak, trafik kazaları, kasıtsız yaralanmalar kaynaklı başvuruların halen önde gelen nedenidir. Sonuç: Öncelikli ele alınması gereken temel konular, Saskatchewan’da yaşayanların halk sağlığını tehdit eden diyabet, obezite, alkol ve solunum hastalıkları ile ilgilidir. Son olarak, sağlıklı yaşamı ve olumlu davranışı teşvik etmek bu kronik sağlık sorunlarının insidansını önleyebilir.

References

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Table 051-0001 - Estimates of population, by age group and sex for July 1, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), CANSIM (database). (accessed: Feb 2018) Available from: < http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a47 > (Accessed Oct, 2017).7. Fierlbeck K. Public health and collaborative governance. Can Public Admin. 2010;53(1):1–19.8. Diabetes: Canada at the Tipping Point – Charting a New Path. [Online]. . Available from: < https://www.diabetes.ca/CDA/media/documents/publications-and-newsletters/advocacy-reports/canada-at-the-tipping-point-english.pdf > (Accessed Jan, 2018).9. Bloom DE, Cafiero ET, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, et al. The Global Economic Burden of Non-communicable Diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum. 2011.10. Public Health Agency of Canada. Backgrounder United Nations NCD summit. Chronic diseases-most significant cause of death globally. Ottawa. [Online]. 2011. Available from: < http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/media/nr-rp/2011/2011_0919-bg-di-eng.php > (Last accessed June 2017).11. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 7th edn. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2015. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.diabetesatlas.org > (Accessed Dec, 2017).12. Health Fact Sheets Diabetes. [Online]. 2016. Available from: < http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2017001/article/54859-eng.htm > (Accessed Feb, 2018).13. Diabetes in Saskatchewan - Diabetes Canada. [Online]. . Available from: < https://www.diabetes.ca/getmedia/0c6c68e0-21dc-4e9e-b2a8-9e546ef899cc/diabetes-charter-backgrounder-sk-2016-06.pdf.aspx > (Accessed Dec, 2017).14. Clarke P, Gray A, Legood R, Briggs A, Holman R. The impact of diabetes-related complications on healthcare costs: results from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS Study No. 65). Diabet Med. 2003;20(6):442-50. Epub 2003/06/06. PubMed PMID: 12786677.15. Herman WH, Eastman RC. The effects of treatment on the direct costs of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:19–24.16. Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI). Access Data and Reports. [Online]. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/access-data-reports/results?f%5B0%5D=field_geographies%3A1966 > (Accessed Nov, 2017).17. World Health Organization. Tobacco. Fact sheet. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/ > (Accessed Feb, 2018).18. Health Status of Canadians 2016: Report of the Chief Public Health Officer - What is influencing our health? - Smoking. [Online]. Available from: < https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/corporate/publications/chief-public-health-officer-reports-state-public-health-canada/2016-health-status-canadians/page-14-what-influencing-health-smoking.html > (Accessed Jan, 2018).19. Centers for Disease, Control Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease, Prevention Health, Promotion Office on, Smoking Health, Publications and Reports of the Surgeon General. How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); 2010.20. HHS (Department of Health and Human Services). The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2014.21. Rostron BL, Chang CM, Pechacek TF. Estimation of cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity in the United States. JAMA internal medicine. 2014;174(12):1922-8. Epub 2014/10/16. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5219. PubMed PMID: 25317719.22. Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2013;62(6):1-96. Epub 2013/12/25. PubMed PMID: 24364902.23. HHS (Department of Health and Human Services). The health consequences of smoking: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2004.24. Health Canada. Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey, 2013. All computations on these microdata were prepared by the Public Health Agency of Canada and the responsibility for the use and interpretation of these data is entirely that of the author(s). 2015.25. Statistics Canada. Table 105-0501 – Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups (occasional) [Data File]. [Online]. 2015. Available from: < http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&retrLang=eng&id=1050501&pattern=&csid > (Accessed Jan, 2018).26. Rehm J, Baliunas D, Brochu S, Fischer B, Gnam W, Patra J, et al. The Cost of Substance Abuse in Canada 2002. . Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (CCSA) 2006.27. Canadian Institute for Health Information. National Health Expenditure Database. [Online] 2016. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/national-health-expenditure-database-metadata > (Accessed Sep, 2017).28. Canadian Institute for Health Information. Quick Stats: DAD/HMDB hospitalization rate, average length of stay, top 10 high-volume inpatient hospitalizations and surgeries, and hospital-based newborn rate, 2014–2015. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/quick-stats > (Accessed April, 2017).29. Pitel S, Solomon R. Estimating the number and cost of impairment-related traffic crashes in Canada: 1999 to 2010. Mothers Against Drunk Driving. 2013.30. OECD. Tackling harmful alcohol use: Economics and public health policy. OECD Publishing. 2015.31. Wakefield MA, Loken B, Hornick RC. Use of mass media campaigns to change health behavior. Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1261-71.32. Transport Canada. Canadian Motor Vehicle Traffic Collision Statistics 2011. Ottawa, ON: Transport Canada; 2013. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.tc.gc.ca/media/documents/roadsafety/ > (Accessed Oct, 2017).33. Motor-vehicle safety: a 20th century public health achievement. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999;48(18):369-74. Epub 1999/06/16. PubMed PMID: 10369577.34. Waller PF. Challenges in motor vehicle safety. Annu Rev Public Health. 2002;23:93-113. Epub 2002/03/23. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140522. PubMed PMID: 11910056.35. Dinh-Zarr T, Goss C, Heitman E, Roberts I, DiGuiseppi C. Interventions for preventing injuries in problem drinkers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(3):Cd001857. Epub 2004/07/22. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001857.pub2. PubMed PMID: 15266456.36. Vernick JS, Li G, Ogaitis S, MacKenzie EJ, Baker SP, Gielen AC. Effects of high school driver education on motor vehicle crashes, violations, and licensure. Am J Prev Med. 1999;16(1 Suppl):40-6. Epub 1999/01/28. PubMed PMID: 9921385.37. Dischinger PC, Ryb GE, Kufera JA, Ho SM. Declining Statewide Trends in Motor Vehicle Crashes and Injury-Related Hospital Admissions. Ann Adv Automot Med. 2013;57:247-56. PubMed PMID: PMC3861824.38. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration . Trends in Non-Fatal Traffic Injuries: 1996–2005. U.S. . Department of Transportation; May, 2008 DOT HS 810 944.39. Crandall CS, Olson LM, Sklar DP. Mortality reduction with air bag and seat belt use in head-on passenger car collisions. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;153(3):219-24. Epub 2001/02/07. PubMed PMID: 11157408.40. Farmer CM, Lund AK. Trends over time in the risk of driver death: what if vehicle designs had not improved? Traffic Inj Prev. 2006;7(4):335-42.41. Ryb GE, Dischinger PC, Ho S. Vehicle model year and crash outcomes: a CIREN study. Traffic Inj Prev. 2009 10(6):560-6.

Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 83 - 95, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.459158

Abstract

Objective: Main purpose of this paper was to report the occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption and roadside injuries and its impact on the Saskatchewan healthcare system. Methods: We searched the Public Health Agency of Canada, Canadian Institute for Health Information website, electronic databases including Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and CINAHL to review published literature in this area. Electronic searches were limited to Health care, Diabetes, Obesity, Alcohol and Roadside injuries in Saskatchewan. Results: Obesity is associated with diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Insufficient fruit and vegetable intake may be associated with obesity but still there is a dire need of more research to understand of obesity. Smoking leads to chronic respiratory diseases, coronary artery disease and cancer, making it the leading cause of death. Impaired driving related injuries are the leading consequences of alcohol which is burdening the nation with millions of dollars annually. There is a need for an effective mass media campaign to develop awareness. Overall hospitalization due to traffic-accidents is on the decline nationally due to effective safety measures and enhancement of quality care. However, traffic accidents are still the leading cause of admission due to unintentional injuries. Conclusions: The key issues that needs to be addressed as a priority are those related to diabetes, obesity, alcohol and respiratory diseases that result in serious threat to the public health of Saskatchewan residents. Finally, promoting healthy living and positive behaviour can prevent incidence of these chronic conditions.

References

  • 1. Public Health Agency of Canada . The Chief Public Health Officer’s Report on the State of Public Health in Canada. Ottawa: . 2008.2. Government of Canada. Canada Health Act. Retrieved from Minister of Justice website: 1984. Available from: < http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/PDF/C-6.pdf > (Accessed Jan 2018).3. Marmot MG. Social inequalities in mortality: The social environment. In Class and health: Research and longitudinal data. Edited by R.G. Wilkinson. Tavistock, London1986.4. Public Health Agency of Canada About the agency. [Online]. 2012. Available from: < www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/about_apropos/index-eng.php> (Accessed April 20, 2017).5. Verma J, Petersen S, Samis S, Akunov N, Graham J. Healthcare Priorities in Canada: A Backgrounder. Canadian Foundation for Healthcare Improvement. [Online] 2014. Available from: < https://www.cfhi-fcass.ca/sf-docs/default-source/documents/harkness-healthcare-priorities-canada-backgrounder-e.pdf > (Accessed May 2018).6. Statistics Canada. Table 051-0001 - Estimates of population, by age group and sex for July 1, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), CANSIM (database). (accessed: Feb 2018) Available from: < http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a47 > (Accessed Oct, 2017).7. Fierlbeck K. Public health and collaborative governance. Can Public Admin. 2010;53(1):1–19.8. Diabetes: Canada at the Tipping Point – Charting a New Path. [Online]. . Available from: < https://www.diabetes.ca/CDA/media/documents/publications-and-newsletters/advocacy-reports/canada-at-the-tipping-point-english.pdf > (Accessed Jan, 2018).9. Bloom DE, Cafiero ET, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, et al. The Global Economic Burden of Non-communicable Diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum. 2011.10. Public Health Agency of Canada. Backgrounder United Nations NCD summit. Chronic diseases-most significant cause of death globally. Ottawa. [Online]. 2011. Available from: < http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/media/nr-rp/2011/2011_0919-bg-di-eng.php > (Last accessed June 2017).11. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 7th edn. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2015. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.diabetesatlas.org > (Accessed Dec, 2017).12. Health Fact Sheets Diabetes. [Online]. 2016. Available from: < http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2017001/article/54859-eng.htm > (Accessed Feb, 2018).13. Diabetes in Saskatchewan - Diabetes Canada. [Online]. . Available from: < https://www.diabetes.ca/getmedia/0c6c68e0-21dc-4e9e-b2a8-9e546ef899cc/diabetes-charter-backgrounder-sk-2016-06.pdf.aspx > (Accessed Dec, 2017).14. Clarke P, Gray A, Legood R, Briggs A, Holman R. The impact of diabetes-related complications on healthcare costs: results from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS Study No. 65). Diabet Med. 2003;20(6):442-50. Epub 2003/06/06. PubMed PMID: 12786677.15. Herman WH, Eastman RC. The effects of treatment on the direct costs of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:19–24.16. Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI). Access Data and Reports. [Online]. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/access-data-reports/results?f%5B0%5D=field_geographies%3A1966 > (Accessed Nov, 2017).17. World Health Organization. Tobacco. Fact sheet. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/ > (Accessed Feb, 2018).18. Health Status of Canadians 2016: Report of the Chief Public Health Officer - What is influencing our health? - Smoking. [Online]. Available from: < https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/corporate/publications/chief-public-health-officer-reports-state-public-health-canada/2016-health-status-canadians/page-14-what-influencing-health-smoking.html > (Accessed Jan, 2018).19. Centers for Disease, Control Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease, Prevention Health, Promotion Office on, Smoking Health, Publications and Reports of the Surgeon General. How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); 2010.20. HHS (Department of Health and Human Services). The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2014.21. Rostron BL, Chang CM, Pechacek TF. Estimation of cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity in the United States. JAMA internal medicine. 2014;174(12):1922-8. Epub 2014/10/16. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5219. PubMed PMID: 25317719.22. Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2013;62(6):1-96. Epub 2013/12/25. PubMed PMID: 24364902.23. HHS (Department of Health and Human Services). The health consequences of smoking: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2004.24. Health Canada. Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey, 2013. All computations on these microdata were prepared by the Public Health Agency of Canada and the responsibility for the use and interpretation of these data is entirely that of the author(s). 2015.25. Statistics Canada. Table 105-0501 – Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups (occasional) [Data File]. [Online]. 2015. Available from: < http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&retrLang=eng&id=1050501&pattern=&csid > (Accessed Jan, 2018).26. Rehm J, Baliunas D, Brochu S, Fischer B, Gnam W, Patra J, et al. The Cost of Substance Abuse in Canada 2002. . Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (CCSA) 2006.27. Canadian Institute for Health Information. National Health Expenditure Database. [Online] 2016. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/national-health-expenditure-database-metadata > (Accessed Sep, 2017).28. Canadian Institute for Health Information. Quick Stats: DAD/HMDB hospitalization rate, average length of stay, top 10 high-volume inpatient hospitalizations and surgeries, and hospital-based newborn rate, 2014–2015. Available from: < https://www.cihi.ca/en/quick-stats > (Accessed April, 2017).29. Pitel S, Solomon R. Estimating the number and cost of impairment-related traffic crashes in Canada: 1999 to 2010. Mothers Against Drunk Driving. 2013.30. OECD. Tackling harmful alcohol use: Economics and public health policy. OECD Publishing. 2015.31. Wakefield MA, Loken B, Hornick RC. Use of mass media campaigns to change health behavior. Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1261-71.32. Transport Canada. Canadian Motor Vehicle Traffic Collision Statistics 2011. Ottawa, ON: Transport Canada; 2013. [Online]. Available from: < http://www.tc.gc.ca/media/documents/roadsafety/ > (Accessed Oct, 2017).33. Motor-vehicle safety: a 20th century public health achievement. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999;48(18):369-74. Epub 1999/06/16. PubMed PMID: 10369577.34. Waller PF. Challenges in motor vehicle safety. Annu Rev Public Health. 2002;23:93-113. Epub 2002/03/23. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140522. PubMed PMID: 11910056.35. Dinh-Zarr T, Goss C, Heitman E, Roberts I, DiGuiseppi C. Interventions for preventing injuries in problem drinkers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(3):Cd001857. Epub 2004/07/22. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001857.pub2. PubMed PMID: 15266456.36. Vernick JS, Li G, Ogaitis S, MacKenzie EJ, Baker SP, Gielen AC. Effects of high school driver education on motor vehicle crashes, violations, and licensure. Am J Prev Med. 1999;16(1 Suppl):40-6. Epub 1999/01/28. PubMed PMID: 9921385.37. Dischinger PC, Ryb GE, Kufera JA, Ho SM. Declining Statewide Trends in Motor Vehicle Crashes and Injury-Related Hospital Admissions. Ann Adv Automot Med. 2013;57:247-56. PubMed PMID: PMC3861824.38. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration . Trends in Non-Fatal Traffic Injuries: 1996–2005. U.S. . Department of Transportation; May, 2008 DOT HS 810 944.39. Crandall CS, Olson LM, Sklar DP. Mortality reduction with air bag and seat belt use in head-on passenger car collisions. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;153(3):219-24. Epub 2001/02/07. PubMed PMID: 11157408.40. Farmer CM, Lund AK. Trends over time in the risk of driver death: what if vehicle designs had not improved? Traffic Inj Prev. 2006;7(4):335-42.41. Ryb GE, Dischinger PC, Ho S. Vehicle model year and crash outcomes: a CIREN study. Traffic Inj Prev. 2009 10(6):560-6.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Report
Authors

Muhammad Siddiqui 0000-0003-0432-1621

Muhammad Owais Aziz This is me 0000-0001-9593-2668

Publication Date April 30, 2020
Submission Date September 11, 2018
Acceptance Date July 5, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 18 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Siddiqui, M., & Aziz, M. O. (2020). Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 18(1), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.459158
AMA Siddiqui M, Aziz MO. Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada. TJPH. April 2020;18(1):83-95. doi:10.20518/tjph.459158
Chicago Siddiqui, Muhammad, and Muhammad Owais Aziz. “Public Health Issues and Non-Communicable Diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18, no. 1 (April 2020): 83-95. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.459158.
EndNote Siddiqui M, Aziz MO (April 1, 2020) Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18 1 83–95.
IEEE M. Siddiqui and M. O. Aziz, “Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada”, TJPH, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 83–95, 2020, doi: 10.20518/tjph.459158.
ISNAD Siddiqui, Muhammad - Aziz, Muhammad Owais. “Public Health Issues and Non-Communicable Diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18/1 (April 2020), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.459158.
JAMA Siddiqui M, Aziz MO. Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada. TJPH. 2020;18:83–95.
MLA Siddiqui, Muhammad and Muhammad Owais Aziz. “Public Health Issues and Non-Communicable Diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada”. Turkish Journal of Public Health, vol. 18, no. 1, 2020, pp. 83-95, doi:10.20518/tjph.459158.
Vancouver Siddiqui M, Aziz MO. Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada. TJPH. 2020;18(1):83-95.

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