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COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde “maske”, “mesafe” ve “evde kal” ürünlerinin sosyal pazarlaması: Türkiye’den bir çalışma

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: COVID-19 Special, 112 - 119, 06.12.2020

Abstract

Amaç: Şırnak ilinin bir ilçesinde Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19) ile mücadele etmek için, bir sosyal pazarlama kampanyası ile dışarı çıkan insan sayısını azaltmayı ve maske giyen kişi sayısını arttırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Kampanyaya 2020 yılı Haziran ayının başında başladık. Öncelikle toplumdaki inanç/algıları belirlemek için çeşitli kaynaklardan elde ettiğimiz verileri Sağlık İnanç Modeli çerçevesinde sınıflandırdık. Kampanyamızda kullandığımız mesajları bu veriler üzerinden belirledik. Temel müdahalemiz günde iki defa ilçenin kalabalık caddelerine gidip dükkan dükkan gezerek insanlara maske, mesafe ve evde kalma ile ilgili önerilerde bulunmaktı. Hedef davranışların toplum içinde nasıl yayıldığını belirlemek için “yeniliğin yayılımı” teorisinden faydalandık. Objektif bir değerlendirme için ana caddelerden birindeki bir mobese kamerasından günlük olarak geçen kişi sayısını ve maske takma durumunu bir ay boyunca değerlendirdik. Bulgular: Bir aylık kampanyanın sonunda dışarı çıkan kişi sayısında %30 azalma ve maske takan kişi sayısında %69 artma tespit ettik. İnsanlar öncelikle maske taşımaya başladı, daha sonra gerçekten kullanmaya başladı. Bu davranışlardaki anlamlı değişiklik bir haftanın sonunda gerçekleşti. Yaklaşık 10 gün içerisinde önemli bir kitleye ulaştı ve daha sonra doygunluğa erişti. Sonuç: Toplum katılımı, bulaşıcı hastalıklar ve pandemi ile mücadelede hayati bir önem taşımaktadır. Sık uyarı ve hatırlatmalar sağlık davranışlarını teşvik etmede etkili yöntemler olabilir. 

References

  • Grier S, Bryant CA. Social Marketing in Public Health. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26(1):319–39.
  • Thorat SB, Kishor SB, Meghe B. Social media marketing mix: Applicability review for marketing in education. IPEDR. 2013;59, 16.
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. Address Based Population Registration System Results [online]. Available at: https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=tr. Accessed July 9, 2020
  • Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health Behavior and Health Education Theory, Reserch, and Practice. In: Victoria LC, Celette SS. The Health Belief Model. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008. p. 45–48.
  • Kaminski, J. Diffusion of Innovation Theory [online]. Available at: http://cjni.net/journal/?p=1444. Accessed December 1, 2020
  • Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education. Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: Maintaining the Momentum? Proceedings of the 22nd ASCILITE Conference Brisbane, 4-7 December 2005. In: Elgort, I. E-learning adoption: Bridging the chasm. Queensland: Queensland University of Technology, Department of Teaching and Learning Support Services; 2005. p. 181-185
  • Bavel JJV, Baicker K, Boggio PS, et al. Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nat Hum Behav. 2020;4(5):460–71.
  • Lee NR. Reducing the spread of COVID-19: A social marketing perspective. Soc Market Q. 2020; 26.3: 259-265.
  • Haug N, Geyrhofer L, Londei A, et al. Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions. Nat Hum Behav. 2020, 1-10.
  • McCarney R, Warner J, Iliffe S, et al. The Hawthorne Effect: a randomised, controlled trial. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2007, 7.1: 30.

Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: COVID-19 Special, 112 - 119, 06.12.2020

Abstract

Objectives: To fight the Coronavirus disease 2019 in a district in Şırnak, Turkey, with a social marketing campaign, we aimed to reduce the number of people going out and increase the number of people wearing masks when out. Methods: We started the campaign in the beginning of June 2020. We first made a formative research using Health Belief Model to identify the perceptions in the community and made our messages to be delivered based on these perceptions and beliefs. Our main intervention was going to the main streets in the district daily, visiting the shops and advising people to wear masks and keep physical distance when they gather. We evaluated the program with the help of “diffusion of innovation” theory to determine how the target behaviors are spreading. For an objective evaluation we counted the number of people going out and wearing masks by checking CCTV footage of one of the main streets every day for one month. Results: In one month of the campaign, the number of people going out reduced by 30%, and the number of people wearing a mask increased by 69%. People first started to carry a mask, later, they started to wear it properly. The significant change started after one week of intervention. In around ten days it reached a critical mass and achieved saturation. Conclusions: Community participation is a vital component of response to communicable diseases and pandemics. Frequent stimulation and reminders can be effective ways to promote health behaviors.

References

  • Grier S, Bryant CA. Social Marketing in Public Health. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26(1):319–39.
  • Thorat SB, Kishor SB, Meghe B. Social media marketing mix: Applicability review for marketing in education. IPEDR. 2013;59, 16.
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. Address Based Population Registration System Results [online]. Available at: https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=tr. Accessed July 9, 2020
  • Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health Behavior and Health Education Theory, Reserch, and Practice. In: Victoria LC, Celette SS. The Health Belief Model. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008. p. 45–48.
  • Kaminski, J. Diffusion of Innovation Theory [online]. Available at: http://cjni.net/journal/?p=1444. Accessed December 1, 2020
  • Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education. Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: Maintaining the Momentum? Proceedings of the 22nd ASCILITE Conference Brisbane, 4-7 December 2005. In: Elgort, I. E-learning adoption: Bridging the chasm. Queensland: Queensland University of Technology, Department of Teaching and Learning Support Services; 2005. p. 181-185
  • Bavel JJV, Baicker K, Boggio PS, et al. Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nat Hum Behav. 2020;4(5):460–71.
  • Lee NR. Reducing the spread of COVID-19: A social marketing perspective. Soc Market Q. 2020; 26.3: 259-265.
  • Haug N, Geyrhofer L, Londei A, et al. Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions. Nat Hum Behav. 2020, 1-10.
  • McCarney R, Warner J, Iliffe S, et al. The Hawthorne Effect: a randomised, controlled trial. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2007, 7.1: 30.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Notes from the field
Authors

Tevfik Bayram 0000-0002-6170-1252

Abdulhamit Camcıoğlu This is me 0000-0002-9085-3394

Gülcan Keskiner This is me 0000-0002-7518-1286

İsmail Başıbüyük This is me 0000-0002-5005-8521

Publication Date December 6, 2020
Submission Date July 11, 2020
Acceptance Date November 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 18 Issue: COVID-19 Special

Cite

APA Bayram, T., Camcıoğlu, A., Keskiner, G., Başıbüyük, İ. (2020). Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 18(COVID-19 Special), 112-119.
AMA Bayram T, Camcıoğlu A, Keskiner G, Başıbüyük İ. Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey. TJPH. December 2020;18(COVID-19 Special):112-119.
Chicago Bayram, Tevfik, Abdulhamit Camcıoğlu, Gülcan Keskiner, and İsmail Başıbüyük. “Social Marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and ‘staying at home’ During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study from Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18, no. COVID-19 Special (December 2020): 112-19.
EndNote Bayram T, Camcıoğlu A, Keskiner G, Başıbüyük İ (December 1, 2020) Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18 COVID-19 Special 112–119.
IEEE T. Bayram, A. Camcıoğlu, G. Keskiner, and İ. Başıbüyük, “Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and ‘staying at home’ during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey”, TJPH, vol. 18, no. COVID-19 Special, pp. 112–119, 2020.
ISNAD Bayram, Tevfik et al. “Social Marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and ‘staying at home’ During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study from Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 18/COVID-19 Special (December 2020), 112-119.
JAMA Bayram T, Camcıoğlu A, Keskiner G, Başıbüyük İ. Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey. TJPH. 2020;18:112–119.
MLA Bayram, Tevfik et al. “Social Marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and ‘staying at home’ During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study from Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Public Health, vol. 18, no. COVID-19 Special, 2020, pp. 112-9.
Vancouver Bayram T, Camcıoğlu A, Keskiner G, Başıbüyük İ. Social marketing of “mask-wearing”, “physical distancing” and “staying at home” during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study from Turkey. TJPH. 2020;18(COVID-19 Special):112-9.

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