INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SLEEP QUALITY, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION LEVELS AMONG EXERCISER AND NON-EXERCISER ADULTS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Abstract

Purpose: To assess physical activity (PA), perceived exercise benefits, perceived sleep quality, anxiety and depression levels of adults who exercised and did not exercise during the pandemic. Methods: 1226 voluntary participants who lived in the community (age range 18-55 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic information was recorded, and exercise motivators and barriers were evaluated through questions prepared by the researchers. PA levels [International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)], perception about the benefits of exercise [Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale-Benefits Subscale (EBBS-BS)], sleep quality [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)], and anxiety and depression levels [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)] were assessed. Results: There were statistically significant differences in scores of IPAQ-SF, PSQI, EBBS-BS, and HADS between those who did and did not exercise (p<0.001). Fifty-two percent of the participants had low PA levels during the pandemic. It was found that the main motivating factor of exercise was to improve performance and/or strength (81.54%), and the main barrier was preferring to do other things (lack of motivation) (84.8%). Conclusion: Those with low PA levels have worse anxiety, depression, and poor sleep quality. Knowing the motivators and barriers of PA can guide the determination of intervention and prevention strategies.

Keywords

• Anxiety
• Covid-19
• Depression
• Physical Activity
• Sleep

COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE EGZERSİZ YAPAN VE YAPMAYAN YETİŞKİNLERİN FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTE, YAŞAM KALİTESİ, ANKSİYETE VE DEPRESYON DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Pandemi sırasında egzersiz yapan ve yapmayan yetişkinlerin fiziksel aktivite (FA), algılanan egzersiz yararları, uyku kalitesi, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya, toplumda yaşayan (18-55 yaş aralığı) 1226 gönüllü katılımcı dahil edildi. Demografik bilgiler kaydedildi ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sorularla egzersiz motivatörleri ve bariyerleri değerlendirildi. FA seviyeleri [Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Form UFAA-KF)], egzersizin yararları hakkında algı [Egzersiz Faydaları ve Engeller Ölçeği-Faydalar Alt Ölçeği (EFEÖ-FÖ)], uyku kalitesi [Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ)], anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri [Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD)] değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Egzersiz yapan ve yapmayanlar arasında UFAA-KF, PUKİ, EFEÖ-FÖ ve HAD skorlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p<0,001). Katılımcıların %52’si pandemi sırasında düşük FA seviyelerine sahipti. Egzersizin ana motive edici faktörünün performansı-gücü artırmak (%81,54) ve ana bariyerinin ise başka şeyler yapmayı tercih etmek (motivasyon eksikliği) (%84,8) olduğu bulundu. Tartışma: Düşük FA seviyelerine sahip yetişkinlerin anksiyete, depresyon ve uyku kalitesi skorları daha kötüydü. FA'nın motive eden faktörlerini ve bariyerlerini bilmek, müdahale ve önleme stratejilerinin belirlenmesine rehberlik edebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• Covid-19
• Depresyon
• Fiziksel Aktivite
• Uyku

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