ANTİSİPATUAR POSTÜRAL DÜZENLEME ARTIŞINDA İŞİTSEL UYARANLARIN GÖRSEL UYARANLARDAN DAHA BÜYÜK ETKİSİ

Öz

Amaç: Eksternal perturbasyonlar öncesinde primer uyaran olarak verilen görsel uyarıların ve de işitsel uyarıların Beklenen Postural Düzeltmelerdeki (BPD) salınımlar üzerine etkisi araştırılmış olmakla birlikte hangi tür uyarının (işitsel veya görsel) perturbasyon öncesindeki başlangıç BPD salınımları üzerine etkisinin daha belirgin olduğunun incelenmesi gereklidir. Bu nedenle, bu araştırmada BPD'lerde dış perturbasyon öncesi görsel-işitsel katkıların rolünün ve farklı zaman aralıklarındaki uyaran sunununun BPD salınımlarına etkisinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın katılımcıları, Biodex denge zemini üzerinde ayakta dururken beş görsel ve beş işitsel uyaran denemesine (80 dB) maruz bırakılan 14 beden eğitimi öğrencisi idi (ortalama 22,4±2,14 yaş). Uyaran verildikten 1,4 saniye sonra eksternal perturbasyon uygulandı. Tüm uyaran denemeleri sırasında postural kasların elektromyografi (EMG) aktivitesi kaydedildi. BPD'ler -100 ila 50 ms (BPD1), 50 ila 200 ms (BPD2) ve 200 ila 350 ms (BPD3) aralıklarında çıkarılmıştır. Veri analizinde kombine varyans analizi ve tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi Bonferroni düzeltme testiyle kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Sonuçlar, görsel ve işitsel uyaranların postural kasların BPD arttırdığını göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre BPD3, BPD2'den ve BPD2, BPD1'den daha büyüktür (P≤0.05). Ayrıca sonuçlar, işitsel uyaranın görsel uyarana göre postural kasların BPD’lerini daha fazla arttırdığını göstermiştir (P≤0.05). Tartışma: Genel olarak araştırmacılar, sağlıklı genç kızlarda perturbasyondan önce işitsel uyaran sağlamanın görsel bir uyarana göre daha büyük bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna varmışlardır. Bu nedenle dengesizliği önlemek veya dengeyi daha fazla korumak için uygun yoğunlukta işitsel uyaranların kullanılması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca, bu konuyla ilgili sonraki araştırmalarda, görsel ve işitsel uyaranların etkisi altındaki BPD salınımı erkek ve kadınlar, sporcu ve sporcu olmayanlar, sağlıklı ve hareket bozukluğu olan bireyler arasında karşılaştırılarak incelenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beklenen Postural Düzeltmeler
• İşitsel Uyaranlar
• Elektromiyografi
• Kaslar
• Postural Denge

GREATER EFFECT OF AUDITORY STIMULI THAN VISUAL STIMULI ON ANTICIPATORY POSTURAL ADJUSTMENTS INCREASE

Abstract

Purpose: The role of visual stimuli as the primary stimulus and the effect of auditory stimulus before external perturbation on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) releases has been investigated, but which type of stimulus (auditory or visual) before perturbation has a more significant effect on initial APAs release, needs to be investigated. So, this study aimed to investigate the role of visual-auditory contributions before external perturbation on APAs and the effect of stimulus presentation on the release of APAs at different time intervals. Methods: Participants in this study were fourteen physical education students (Meanage 22.4 ± 2.14 years) exposed to five trials of visual stimulus and five trials of an audible stimulus (80 dB) while standing on the Biodex balance sheet. Then, 1.4 seconds after presenting the stimulus, external perturbation was applied. Electromyography (EMG) activity of the postural muscles was recorded during all trials. APAs were extracted at intervals of -100 to 50 ms (APA1), 50 to 200 ms (APA2), and 200 to 350 ms (APA3). The mixed ANOVA and repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction test were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that the presentation of visual and auditory stimuli increased the APAs of the postural muscles. According to these results, APA3 was greater than APA2 and APA2 than APA1(P≤0.05). Also, the results showed that auditory stimulus increased the APAs of the postural muscles more than the visual stimulus (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Generally, the researchers concluded that providing an auditory stimulus before perturbation has a greater effect on APA than a visual stimulus in healthy young girls. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to prevent imbalance or maintain greater balance, auditory stimuli with appropriate intensity can be used. Furthermore, subsequent research on this topic could include comparing APA release under the influence of visual and auditory stimuli in men and women, athletes and non-athletes, and healthy individuals with individuals with mobility impairments.

Keywords

• Anticipatory Postural Adjustment
• Auditory Stimulus
• Electromyography
• Muscles
• Postural Balance

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