Research Article

First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye

Volume: 10 Number: 2 September 15, 2026

First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye

Abstract

Objectives: Bovine Rhinitis A Virus (BRAV) is a significant respiratory pathogen which plays role on development of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in cattle worldwide, yet genomic data regarding its prevalence and genetic diversity in Türkiye remain scarce. This study describes the first molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of BRAV in Türkiye. Materials and Methods: Nasal swab samples which were positive for BRAV in real-time RT-PCR screening were tested via conventional RT-PCR targeting a partial region of the viral 3D polymerase (3Dpol) gene of BRAV. Seven samples were sequenced by using the Sanger method. Results: The obtained BRAV sequences were deposited to GenBank (accession numbers PZ150730-PZ150736). The sequence data were analyzed phylogenetically and the Turkish BRAV isolates showed high nucleotide identity (97.91-100%) with each other, constructing a different clade when compared to global BRAV isolates. The nucleotide identity between Turkish BRAV isolates and global isolates differs between 86.82% and 92.23%, while the nucleotide identity with the reference BRAV strain Sd-1 ranged from 86.93% to 88.21%. Conclusions: This study provides the first genetic characterization of BRAV strains circulating in cattle population in Türkiye, filling a significant gap in the global and national molecular epidemiology of BRAV. These data will serve as a baseline for future large-scale surveillance in our country.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Kırıkkale University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (Approval number: 2023/09/32)

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Veterinary Virology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 15, 2026

Submission Date

April 3, 2026

Acceptance Date

July 24, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 2

APA
Aksoy, E., Şenel, Y., & Azkur, A. K. (2026). First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1922521
AMA
1.Aksoy E, Şenel Y, Azkur AK. First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye. TJVR. 2026;10(2). doi:10.47748/tjvr.1922521
Chicago
Aksoy, Emel, Yasin Şenel, and Ahmet Kürşat Azkur. 2026. “First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1922521.
EndNote
Aksoy E, Şenel Y, Azkur AK (September 1, 2026) First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 10 2
IEEE
[1]E. Aksoy, Y. Şenel, and A. K. Azkur, “First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye”, TJVR, vol. 10, no. 2, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.47748/tjvr.1922521.
ISNAD
Aksoy, Emel - Şenel, Yasin - Azkur, Ahmet Kürşat. “First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 10/2 (September 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1922521.
JAMA
1.Aksoy E, Şenel Y, Azkur AK. First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye. TJVR. 2026;10. doi:10.47748/tjvr.1922521.
MLA
Aksoy, Emel, et al. “First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, vol. 10, no. 2, Sept. 2026, doi:10.47748/tjvr.1922521.
Vancouver
1.Emel Aksoy, Yasin Şenel, Ahmet Kürşat Azkur. First Genetic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis A Virus in Türkiye. TJVR. 2026 Sep. 1;10(2). doi:10.47748/tjvr.1922521