Research Article
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Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 11 - 15, 22.03.2021

Abstract

Objective: Newborn calf diarrhea causes significant economic losses. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the effect of adding probiotics on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) levels in the routine treatment of calf diarrhea.
Material-Method: The material of the study consisted of 12 calves, routine treatment (Group 1, n=6 calves), and a probiotic group. (Group 2; n=6 calves).
Results: TAS values increased statistically after treatment (P <0.05) in group 2 compared to pretreatment. Comparison of the groups after treatment revealed that TAS significantly increased (P <0.05) in group 2. While there was no statistical difference in TOS values between the groups a statistically significant increase (P <0.05) was detected after treatment compared to pretreatment.
Conclusion: It was concluded that adding probiotics may be useful in addition to routine treatment in newborn calf diarrhea.

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK Scientist Support Programs Directorate

Project Number

1919B011900137

Thanks

We would like to thank TUBITAK Scientist Support Programs Directorate for their support of our project numbered 1919B011900137 within the scope of the 2209-A University Students Research Projects Support Program.

References

  • Ahire JJ; Mokashe, NU, Patil HJ, Chaudhari BL. Antioxidative potential of folate producing probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus CD6. J Food Sci Technol 2013; 50 (1): 26–34.
  • Alıç Ural D, Toplu S. Sığırlarda süt verimini arttırmada probiyotiklerin kullanımı, MAE Vet Fak Derg, 2017; 2 (2):153-62.
  • Alkan F. Buzağı ishallerinde rotavirus ve corona virusların rolü. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 1998; 45: 29-37.
  • Alvarez-Olmos MI; Oberhelman RA. Probiotic agents and infectious diseases: A modern perspective on a traditional therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32 (11): 1567–76.
  • Asemi Z; Zare Z; Shakeri H; Sabihi SS, Esmaillzadeh A. Effect of multispecies probiotic supplements on metabolic profiles, hs-CRP, and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ann Nutr Metab. 2013; 63 (1-2): 1–9.
  • Aslan V. Buzağı ishalleri ve tedavileri, Neonatal Buzağı Kayıpları Sempozyumu. S.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi. Konya 1986; 59-69.
  • Başoğlu A, Sen I, Sevinç M, Simsek A. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in neonatal calves with presumed septicemia. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18(2): 238-41.
  • Burçak E, Yalçın S. Buzağı beslemede probiyotiklerin kullanımı, Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg. 2013, 53 (2) 101-14.
  • Burgu İ, Öztürk F. Neonatal dönemdeki buzağıların viral hastalıkları, Neonatal Buzağı Kayıpları Sempozyumu, S.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi, Konya, 1986: 50-9.
  • Can ÖP. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaların yararları. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları, 2007; 6: 194-6.
  • Cleek JL, Phillips RW. Evaluation of a commercial preparation for oral therapy of diarrhea in neonatal calves: Administration by suckling versus intubation. JAVMA. 1981; 178 (9): 977-81.
  • Constable PD. Antimicrobial use in the treatment of calf diarrhea. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18(1): 8-17.
  • Çadirci E, Süleyman H, Aksoy H, Halıcı Z, Özgen U, Koç A, Öztürk N. Effects of Onosma Armeniacum root extract on ethanol-induced oxidative stress in stomach tissue of rats. Chemico Biol Interact. 2007; 170 (1):40–8.
  • Çatalkaya E. Probiotics and oxidant-antioxidant relationship. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences (2020 ): 31.
  • Doron S; Gorbach SL. Probiotics: Their role in the treatment and prevention of disease. Expert Rev Anti-Infect. Ther. 2006; 4 (2): 261–75.
  • Endo H. Niioka M. Kobayashi N. Tanaka M. Watanabe T. Butyrate-producing probiotics reduce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression in rats: New insight into the probiotics for the gut-liver axis. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(5): 1-19.
  • Erkılıç EE, Erdoğan HM, Olgun M, Kırmızıgül AH, Gökçe E, Kuru M, Kukurt A. Relationsheep between hepcidin and oxidant/antioxidant status in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia. Vet World 2016; 9(11) 1238-41.
  • Fuller R. Reasons for the apparent variation in the probiotic response. Biologist. 2004; 51(4): 232
  • Gaál T, Ribiczeyné-Szabó P, Stadler K, Jakus J, Reiczigel J, Kövér P, Sümeghy L. Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in the blood of cows and newborn calves around calving. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2006; 143(4): 391-6.
  • García-Lafuente A, Antolín M, Guarner F, Crespo E, Malagelada JR. Modulation of colonic barrier function by the composition of the commensal flora in the rat. Gut. 2001; 48(4):503–7.
  • Hall GA, Jones PW, Morgan JH. Calf diarhoea, chapter 12, in “Bovine Medicine Diseases and Husbandry of Cattle” Editors, AH Andrews, RW Blowey, H Boyd, RG Eddy, 1st Ed., Blackwell Science Ltd.,Oxford. 1992.
  • He ZX, Ferlisi B, Eckert E, Brown H E, Aguilar A, Steele M. A. Supplementing a yeast probiotic to pre-weaning Holstein calves: Feed intake, growth and fecal biomarkers of gut health. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2017; 226, 81-7.
  • Jones R, Phillips RW, Cleek J.L Hyperosmotic oral replacement fluid for diarrheic calves. JAVMA, 1984; 184, 12: 1501-5.
  • Kabu, M, Cigerci IH, Uyarlar C, Celik HA. Determination of pre and post treatment oxidative status and oxidative DNA damage in diarrheic calves. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2015; 49(6): 830-3.
  • Kasari TR, Naylor JM. Clinical evaluation of sodium bicarbonate, sodium L-lactate, and sodium acetate for the treatment of acidosis in diarrheic calves. JAVMA, 1985; 187: 392-7.
  • Kızıl Ö, Özdemir H, Karahan M, Kızıl M. Oxidative stres and alterations of antioxidant status in goats naturally infected with mycoplasma agalactia. Rev Med Vet 2007; 158(6): 326-30.
  • Kullisaar T; Zilmer M, Mikelsaar M, Vihalemm T, Annuk H, Kairane C, Kilk A. Two antioxidative lactobacilli strains as promising probiotics. Int. J. Food Microbial. 2002; 72(3): 215–24.
  • Le OT, Dart PJ, Harper K, Zhang D, Schofield B, Callaghan MJ, Lisle AT, Klieve AV, McNeill DM,. Effect of probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 on productivity and the incidence of diarrhoea in dairy calves. Animal Production Science, 2017; 57(5): 912-9.
  • LeBlanc AM, LeBlanc JG, Perdigon G, Miyoshi A, Langella P, Azevedo V, Sesma F. Oral administration of a catalase-producing Lactococcus lactis can prevent a chemically induced colon cancer in mice. J Med Microbiol. 2008; 57 (1): 100–5.
  • Lewis K. Caldwell J, Phan V, Prescott D, Nazil A, Wang A, Soderhölm JD, Perdue MH, Sherman PM, McKay DM. Decreased epithelial barrier function evoked by exposure to metabolic stress and nonpathogenic E. coli is enhanced by TNF-alpha. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008; 294(3): 669–78.
  • Madsen K, Cornish A, Soper P, McKaigney C, Jijon H, Yachimec C, Doyle J, Jewell L, Simone CD. Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function. Gastroenterology. 2001; 121(3): 580–91.
  • Miecznikow EO Naturze Ludzkiej – Zarys Filozofii Optymistycznej (translation F. Wermiński). Wydawnictwo Biblioteka Naukowa. Warszawa; 1907.
  • Minssen T, Nordberg A. Rules and Tools in the Battle against Superbugs - A call for integrated strategies and enhanced international collaboration to promote antimicrobial drug development, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, 2018, 58: 1-22.
  • Moura FA, Andrade KQ, Santos JCF, Araújo ORP, Goulart MOF. Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?. Redox Biol. 2015; 6: 617–39.
  • Nageshwar A, Raval A P, Bhagwat SR, Rajgor BB. Studıes on growth, nutrient utilization, ımmune modulatıon, and economıc return at different levels of probiotic feed supplementation in kankrej female calves. Animal Science, 2016; 10(2): 55-62.
  • Oelschlaeger, T.A. Definition of “good bacteria” origin, effects and effective components.Online:http://www.dgmim.de/fileadmin/CONTENT/OElschlaeger_good_bacteria_vortrag.pdf, 2011, Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2012
  • Akademik Gıda 12(1) (2014) 63-68 Derleme Makale / Review Paper Bakteriyosin Üreten Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Probiyotik Amaçlı Kullanımı Gökşen Gülgör1, , Filiz Özçelik,
  • Ok M, Güler L, Turgut K, Ok U, Sen I, Gündüz IK, Birdane MF, Güzelbekteş H.the studies on the aetiology of diarrhoea in neonatal calves and determination of virulence gene markers of Escherichia coli strains by multiplex PCR. Zoonoses Public Health. 2009; 56(2): 94-101.
  • Oldham KM, Wise SR, Chen L, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Burns J, Bowen PE. A longitudinal evaluation of oxidative stress in trauma patients. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002; 26(3):189-97.
  • Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and horses. ISBN 13:978 0702 07772. 10th ed. London, England: WB Saunders Company; 2007.
  • Shah NP. Functional foods from probiotics and prebiotics. Food Technology. 2001; 55(11): 46-53.
  • Shen Q, Shang N, Li P. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of Bifidobacterium animalis 01 isolated from centenarians. Curr. Microbiol. 2011: 62(4): 1097–103.
  • Smith WG. Treatment of calf diarrhea: oral fluid therapy. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2009; 25(1): 55-72. Solis-Pereira B, Lemonnier, D.. Induction of human cytokines by bacteria used in dairy foods. Nutrition Research 1996; 13: 1127-40.
  • Şen İ, Güzelbekteş H, Yıldız R. Neonatal buzağı ishalleri: patofizyoloji, epidemiyoloji, klinik, tedavi ve koruma, Türkiye Klinikleri J Vet Sci 2013; 4(1): 71-8
  • Topaktaş B, Sağlıklı Buzağılarda Doğumu Takip Eden İlk Bir Ay İçerisinde Total Oksidan Seviye ve Total Antioksidan Kapasitedeki Değişimlerin Araştırılması, T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Veteriner İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kayseri, 2019.
  • Valencia GL, Zapata-Ramirez O, Nunez-Gonzalez L, Nunez-Benitez V, Landeros-Lopez H, Lopez-Soto M, Barreras A, Gonzalez V, Estrada-Angulo A, Zinn, R Plascencia A. Effective use of probiotic-glyconutrient combination as an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy for diarrhea in rearing dairy calves.Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2017; 41(4): 578-81.
  • Wallace RJ, Newbold CJ. Probiotics for ruminants. In R Fuller (Ed) Probiotics The Scientific Basis. 317-53. Springer Netherlands. 1992.
  • Winterbourn CC, Buss IH, Chan TP, Plank LD, Clark MA, Windsor JA. Protein carbonyl measurements show evidence of early oxidative stress in critically ill patients. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 28(1):143–9.
  • Yavuzarslan E. Değişen miktarlarda süte katılan prebiyotiklerin süt emen simental buzağılarda büyüme performansı ve sağlığı üzerine etkileri, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2018.
  • Yeoman CJ, Ishaq SI, Bichi E, Olivo SK, Lowe J, Aldridge BM. Bio-geographical Differences in the Influence of Maternal Microbial Sources on the Early Successional Development of the Bovine Neonatal Gastrointestinal tract. Sci Rep. 2018; 8: 3197.
Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 11 - 15, 22.03.2021

Abstract

Project Number

1919B011900137

References

  • Ahire JJ; Mokashe, NU, Patil HJ, Chaudhari BL. Antioxidative potential of folate producing probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus CD6. J Food Sci Technol 2013; 50 (1): 26–34.
  • Alıç Ural D, Toplu S. Sığırlarda süt verimini arttırmada probiyotiklerin kullanımı, MAE Vet Fak Derg, 2017; 2 (2):153-62.
  • Alkan F. Buzağı ishallerinde rotavirus ve corona virusların rolü. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 1998; 45: 29-37.
  • Alvarez-Olmos MI; Oberhelman RA. Probiotic agents and infectious diseases: A modern perspective on a traditional therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32 (11): 1567–76.
  • Asemi Z; Zare Z; Shakeri H; Sabihi SS, Esmaillzadeh A. Effect of multispecies probiotic supplements on metabolic profiles, hs-CRP, and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ann Nutr Metab. 2013; 63 (1-2): 1–9.
  • Aslan V. Buzağı ishalleri ve tedavileri, Neonatal Buzağı Kayıpları Sempozyumu. S.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi. Konya 1986; 59-69.
  • Başoğlu A, Sen I, Sevinç M, Simsek A. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in neonatal calves with presumed septicemia. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18(2): 238-41.
  • Burçak E, Yalçın S. Buzağı beslemede probiyotiklerin kullanımı, Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg. 2013, 53 (2) 101-14.
  • Burgu İ, Öztürk F. Neonatal dönemdeki buzağıların viral hastalıkları, Neonatal Buzağı Kayıpları Sempozyumu, S.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi, Konya, 1986: 50-9.
  • Can ÖP. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaların yararları. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları, 2007; 6: 194-6.
  • Cleek JL, Phillips RW. Evaluation of a commercial preparation for oral therapy of diarrhea in neonatal calves: Administration by suckling versus intubation. JAVMA. 1981; 178 (9): 977-81.
  • Constable PD. Antimicrobial use in the treatment of calf diarrhea. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18(1): 8-17.
  • Çadirci E, Süleyman H, Aksoy H, Halıcı Z, Özgen U, Koç A, Öztürk N. Effects of Onosma Armeniacum root extract on ethanol-induced oxidative stress in stomach tissue of rats. Chemico Biol Interact. 2007; 170 (1):40–8.
  • Çatalkaya E. Probiotics and oxidant-antioxidant relationship. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences (2020 ): 31.
  • Doron S; Gorbach SL. Probiotics: Their role in the treatment and prevention of disease. Expert Rev Anti-Infect. Ther. 2006; 4 (2): 261–75.
  • Endo H. Niioka M. Kobayashi N. Tanaka M. Watanabe T. Butyrate-producing probiotics reduce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression in rats: New insight into the probiotics for the gut-liver axis. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(5): 1-19.
  • Erkılıç EE, Erdoğan HM, Olgun M, Kırmızıgül AH, Gökçe E, Kuru M, Kukurt A. Relationsheep between hepcidin and oxidant/antioxidant status in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia. Vet World 2016; 9(11) 1238-41.
  • Fuller R. Reasons for the apparent variation in the probiotic response. Biologist. 2004; 51(4): 232
  • Gaál T, Ribiczeyné-Szabó P, Stadler K, Jakus J, Reiczigel J, Kövér P, Sümeghy L. Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in the blood of cows and newborn calves around calving. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2006; 143(4): 391-6.
  • García-Lafuente A, Antolín M, Guarner F, Crespo E, Malagelada JR. Modulation of colonic barrier function by the composition of the commensal flora in the rat. Gut. 2001; 48(4):503–7.
  • Hall GA, Jones PW, Morgan JH. Calf diarhoea, chapter 12, in “Bovine Medicine Diseases and Husbandry of Cattle” Editors, AH Andrews, RW Blowey, H Boyd, RG Eddy, 1st Ed., Blackwell Science Ltd.,Oxford. 1992.
  • He ZX, Ferlisi B, Eckert E, Brown H E, Aguilar A, Steele M. A. Supplementing a yeast probiotic to pre-weaning Holstein calves: Feed intake, growth and fecal biomarkers of gut health. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2017; 226, 81-7.
  • Jones R, Phillips RW, Cleek J.L Hyperosmotic oral replacement fluid for diarrheic calves. JAVMA, 1984; 184, 12: 1501-5.
  • Kabu, M, Cigerci IH, Uyarlar C, Celik HA. Determination of pre and post treatment oxidative status and oxidative DNA damage in diarrheic calves. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2015; 49(6): 830-3.
  • Kasari TR, Naylor JM. Clinical evaluation of sodium bicarbonate, sodium L-lactate, and sodium acetate for the treatment of acidosis in diarrheic calves. JAVMA, 1985; 187: 392-7.
  • Kızıl Ö, Özdemir H, Karahan M, Kızıl M. Oxidative stres and alterations of antioxidant status in goats naturally infected with mycoplasma agalactia. Rev Med Vet 2007; 158(6): 326-30.
  • Kullisaar T; Zilmer M, Mikelsaar M, Vihalemm T, Annuk H, Kairane C, Kilk A. Two antioxidative lactobacilli strains as promising probiotics. Int. J. Food Microbial. 2002; 72(3): 215–24.
  • Le OT, Dart PJ, Harper K, Zhang D, Schofield B, Callaghan MJ, Lisle AT, Klieve AV, McNeill DM,. Effect of probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 on productivity and the incidence of diarrhoea in dairy calves. Animal Production Science, 2017; 57(5): 912-9.
  • LeBlanc AM, LeBlanc JG, Perdigon G, Miyoshi A, Langella P, Azevedo V, Sesma F. Oral administration of a catalase-producing Lactococcus lactis can prevent a chemically induced colon cancer in mice. J Med Microbiol. 2008; 57 (1): 100–5.
  • Lewis K. Caldwell J, Phan V, Prescott D, Nazil A, Wang A, Soderhölm JD, Perdue MH, Sherman PM, McKay DM. Decreased epithelial barrier function evoked by exposure to metabolic stress and nonpathogenic E. coli is enhanced by TNF-alpha. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008; 294(3): 669–78.
  • Madsen K, Cornish A, Soper P, McKaigney C, Jijon H, Yachimec C, Doyle J, Jewell L, Simone CD. Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function. Gastroenterology. 2001; 121(3): 580–91.
  • Miecznikow EO Naturze Ludzkiej – Zarys Filozofii Optymistycznej (translation F. Wermiński). Wydawnictwo Biblioteka Naukowa. Warszawa; 1907.
  • Minssen T, Nordberg A. Rules and Tools in the Battle against Superbugs - A call for integrated strategies and enhanced international collaboration to promote antimicrobial drug development, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, 2018, 58: 1-22.
  • Moura FA, Andrade KQ, Santos JCF, Araújo ORP, Goulart MOF. Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?. Redox Biol. 2015; 6: 617–39.
  • Nageshwar A, Raval A P, Bhagwat SR, Rajgor BB. Studıes on growth, nutrient utilization, ımmune modulatıon, and economıc return at different levels of probiotic feed supplementation in kankrej female calves. Animal Science, 2016; 10(2): 55-62.
  • Oelschlaeger, T.A. Definition of “good bacteria” origin, effects and effective components.Online:http://www.dgmim.de/fileadmin/CONTENT/OElschlaeger_good_bacteria_vortrag.pdf, 2011, Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2012
  • Akademik Gıda 12(1) (2014) 63-68 Derleme Makale / Review Paper Bakteriyosin Üreten Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Probiyotik Amaçlı Kullanımı Gökşen Gülgör1, , Filiz Özçelik,
  • Ok M, Güler L, Turgut K, Ok U, Sen I, Gündüz IK, Birdane MF, Güzelbekteş H.the studies on the aetiology of diarrhoea in neonatal calves and determination of virulence gene markers of Escherichia coli strains by multiplex PCR. Zoonoses Public Health. 2009; 56(2): 94-101.
  • Oldham KM, Wise SR, Chen L, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Burns J, Bowen PE. A longitudinal evaluation of oxidative stress in trauma patients. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002; 26(3):189-97.
  • Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and horses. ISBN 13:978 0702 07772. 10th ed. London, England: WB Saunders Company; 2007.
  • Shah NP. Functional foods from probiotics and prebiotics. Food Technology. 2001; 55(11): 46-53.
  • Shen Q, Shang N, Li P. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of Bifidobacterium animalis 01 isolated from centenarians. Curr. Microbiol. 2011: 62(4): 1097–103.
  • Smith WG. Treatment of calf diarrhea: oral fluid therapy. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2009; 25(1): 55-72. Solis-Pereira B, Lemonnier, D.. Induction of human cytokines by bacteria used in dairy foods. Nutrition Research 1996; 13: 1127-40.
  • Şen İ, Güzelbekteş H, Yıldız R. Neonatal buzağı ishalleri: patofizyoloji, epidemiyoloji, klinik, tedavi ve koruma, Türkiye Klinikleri J Vet Sci 2013; 4(1): 71-8
  • Topaktaş B, Sağlıklı Buzağılarda Doğumu Takip Eden İlk Bir Ay İçerisinde Total Oksidan Seviye ve Total Antioksidan Kapasitedeki Değişimlerin Araştırılması, T.C. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Veteriner İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kayseri, 2019.
  • Valencia GL, Zapata-Ramirez O, Nunez-Gonzalez L, Nunez-Benitez V, Landeros-Lopez H, Lopez-Soto M, Barreras A, Gonzalez V, Estrada-Angulo A, Zinn, R Plascencia A. Effective use of probiotic-glyconutrient combination as an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy for diarrhea in rearing dairy calves.Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2017; 41(4): 578-81.
  • Wallace RJ, Newbold CJ. Probiotics for ruminants. In R Fuller (Ed) Probiotics The Scientific Basis. 317-53. Springer Netherlands. 1992.
  • Winterbourn CC, Buss IH, Chan TP, Plank LD, Clark MA, Windsor JA. Protein carbonyl measurements show evidence of early oxidative stress in critically ill patients. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 28(1):143–9.
  • Yavuzarslan E. Değişen miktarlarda süte katılan prebiyotiklerin süt emen simental buzağılarda büyüme performansı ve sağlığı üzerine etkileri, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2018.
  • Yeoman CJ, Ishaq SI, Bichi E, Olivo SK, Lowe J, Aldridge BM. Bio-geographical Differences in the Influence of Maternal Microbial Sources on the Early Successional Development of the Bovine Neonatal Gastrointestinal tract. Sci Rep. 2018; 8: 3197.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section 2021 Volume 5 Number 1
Authors

Nazmi Yüksek

Ege Çatalkaya 0000-0003-4121-1771

Yıldıray Basbugan 0000-0001-5124-7853

Medine Yayan 0000-0002-0651-8295

Project Number 1919B011900137
Publication Date March 22, 2021
Submission Date September 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yüksek, N., Çatalkaya, E., Basbugan, Y., Yayan, M. (2021). Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, 5(1), 11-15.
AMA Yüksek N, Çatalkaya E, Basbugan Y, Yayan M. Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea. TJVR. March 2021;5(1):11-15.
Chicago Yüksek, Nazmi, Ege Çatalkaya, Yıldıray Basbugan, and Medine Yayan. “Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 5, no. 1 (March 2021): 11-15.
EndNote Yüksek N, Çatalkaya E, Basbugan Y, Yayan M (March 1, 2021) Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 5 1 11–15.
IEEE N. Yüksek, E. Çatalkaya, Y. Basbugan, and M. Yayan, “Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea”, TJVR, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 11–15, 2021.
ISNAD Yüksek, Nazmi et al. “Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research 5/1 (March 2021), 11-15.
JAMA Yüksek N, Çatalkaya E, Basbugan Y, Yayan M. Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea. TJVR. 2021;5:11–15.
MLA Yüksek, Nazmi et al. “Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea”. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Research, vol. 5, no. 1, 2021, pp. 11-15.
Vancouver Yüksek N, Çatalkaya E, Basbugan Y, Yayan M. Effect of Probiotic on Total Antioxidant (TAS) and Total Oxidant (TOS) in Treatment of Newborn Calf Diarrhea. TJVR. 2021;5(1):11-5.