Tolerance of Some Grass Species Can be used in Vegetative Filter Strips to Rimsulfuron and Nicosulfuron

Abstract

Soil residual herbicides applied to maize for weed control can transport from one place to another by several routes, including leaching, drift, and runoff. Among these transport methods, runoff has a special importance compared to the others as maize plant is irrigated 4 to 5 times during a growing season. In this study, growth chamber experiments were performed to determine the response of potential VFS grass species to prevent run-off of rimsulfuron and nicosulfuron herbicides. Herbicides were applied to seedlings of grass species at 3-5 true leaf stage with three different rates (0.625, 1.25, 2.5 g active ingredient da-1 rimsulfuron and 2.5, 5.0 and 10 g active ingredient da-1 nicosulfuron). The effects of herbicides on grass seedlings were visually determined at 14 and 28 days after treatment (DAT) and gravimetrically at 28 DAT. Both cool season grasses (e.g., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Lolium perenne L., Bromus inermis Leyss., Festuca rubra L., and Poa pratensis L., Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.), and warm season grasses (e.g., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. and Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense Stapf.) were examined in the growth chamber trials. Among these grasses, S. bicolor × S. sudanense, F. arundinacea, L. multiflorum and L. perenne were found susceptible to both herbicides, while B. inermis and C. dactylon were proved tolerant. The grass species P. pratensis, F. rubra, and A. cristatum were found tolerant to nicosulfuron, but susceptible to rimsulfuron

Keywords

• Nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, seedling, run-off, VFS (Vegetative Filter Strip)

Vejetatif Filtre Şeritlerinde Kullanılabilecek Bazı Dar Yapraklı Bitkilerin Rimsulfuron ve Nicosulfuron’a Toleransları

Abstract

Mısırda yabancı ot kontrolü için kullanılan ve toprakta kalıcılığı olan herbisitler bir yerden başka bir yere; yüzey sürüklenmesi, süzünme ve sürüklenme yoluyla taşınabilmektedir. Bu taşınma yolları arasında, mısır yetiştiriciliğinde üretim sezonu süresince 4-5 kez sulama yapıldığı için yüzey sürüklenmesi özel önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada yüzey sürüklenmesini engellemek için dizayn edilen vejetatif filtre şeritlerinde kullanılabilecek dar yapraklı bitki türlerinin rimsulfuron ve nicosulfuron’a tepkileri iklim odası koşullarında belirlenmiştir. Üç farklı dozdaki herbisitler (0.625, 1.25, 2.5 g aktif madde da-1 rimsulfuron ve 2.5, 5.0 ve 10 g aktif madde da-1 nicosulfuron) dar yapraklı bitki fidelerine 3-5 gerçek yapraklı dönemde uygulanmıştır. Herbisitlerin dar yapraklı bitki türlerine etkileri uygulamadan 14 ve 28 gün sonra görsel değerlendirme ve 28. günde mutlak değerlendirme ile belirlenmiştir. Hem soğuk iklim (Festuca arundinacea Schreber, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Lolium perenne L., Bromus inermis Leysser, Festuca rubra L. ve Poa pratensis L., Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner) hem de sıcak iklim (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ve Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf.) bitkileri iklim odası denemelerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirilen dar yapraklı bitki türlerinden S. bicolor x S. sudanense, F. arundinacea, L. multiflorum ve L. perenne her iki herbisite de duyarlı iken B. inermis ve C. dactylon her iki herbisite de tolerant bulunmuştur. Dar yapraklı türlerinden P. pratensis. F. rubra ve A. cristatum nicosulfuron’a tolerant iken rimsulfurona duyarlı bulunmuştur

Keywords

• Nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, fide, sürüklenme, VFŞ (Vejetatif Filtre Şeridi).

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