Diyarbakır İli Buğday Tarlalarındaki Yabancı Otlar Üzerinde Gözlenen Mildiyö Türleri

Abstract

Çalışma, 2008-2009 yılları arasında Diyarbakır (Türkiye) ili ve ilçelerindeki buğday tarlalarının yabancı otları üzerindeki mildiyö hastalıklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Sekiz farklı yabancı ot türü üzerinde sekiz farklı mildiyö fungus türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu mildiyö türlerinden üç tanesi Türkiye için yeni kayıttır. Mildiyö fungus türleri; Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Pers.) Constant., Peronospora dianthi de Bary, Peronospora arborescens (Berk.) De Bary, Peronospora cephalariae Vincens, Peronospora lallemantiae Kolymb., Peronospora lamii A. Praum., Peronospora narbonensis Gäum. ve Peronospora sisymbrii-officinalis Gäum. sırasıyla Myagrum perfoliatum L., Agrostemma githago L., Papaver macrostomum Boiss & Huet. ex Boiss, Cephalaria syriaca (L.) Schrad., Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fisch. & Mey., Lamium amplexicaule L., Vicia narbonensis L. ve Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. yabancı otu üzerinde gözlenmiştir. P. dianthi de Bary, P. cephalariae Vincens ve P. lallemantiae Kolymb. Türkiye için ilk kayıt niteliğindedir. Bu gözlenen mildiyö türlerinin morfolojik özellikleri bu çalışmada sunulmuştur. Tanımlanan mildiyö hastalık etmenleri, bu yabancı ot türlerine karşı potansiyel biyolojik kontrol ajanları olabilirler. Bununla birlikte, farklı yabancı ot türlerine karşı biyolojik kontrol ajanları olarak potansiyellerini keşfetmek için ayrıntılı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır

Keywords

• Buğday, Yabancı ot, Mildiyö fungusları, Diyarbakır, Türkiye

Downy Mildew Species Observed on Weeds of Wheat Fields in Diyarbakır, Turkey

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the downy mildew species affecting different weed species prevailing in wheat fields of Diyarbakır province and vicinities, Turkey during 2008-2009 growing season. Eight different downy mildew species were detected on eight different weed species. Three of the identified downy mildew species are new records for Turkey. The observed downy mildew species were; Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Pers.) Constant., Peronospora dianthi de Bary, Peronospora arborescens (Berk.) De Bary, Peronospora cephalariae Vincens, Peronospora lallemantiae Kolymb., Peronospora lamii A. Praum., Peronospora narbonensis Gäum. and Peronospora sisymbrii-officinalis Gäum. found on weeds Myagrum perfoliatum L., Agrostemma githago L., Papaver macrostomum Boiss & Huet. ex Boiss, Cephalaria syriaca (L.) Schrad., Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fisch. & Mey., Lamium amplexicaule L., Vicia narbonensis L. and Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop., respectively. P. dianthi de Bary, P. cephalariae Vincens and P. lallemantiae Kolymb. are recorded for the first time in Turkey. The morphological characteristics of the identified downy mildew species are presented in this manuscript. The identified mildew species could be potential biological control agents against these weed species. However, detailed studies are needed to explore their potential as biological control agents against different weed species

Keywords

• wheat, weed, downy mildews, Diyarbakır, Turkey

References

1. Anonymous (2016a). https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/cereal/wheat.html. [Accessed 16.12.2016]
2. Anonymous (2016b). http://factsanddetails.com/world/cat56/sub363/item1513.html. [Accessed 16.12.2016]
3. Anonymous (2016c). Top 10 Largest Wheat Producing Countries in the World http://www.countrydetail.com/top10-largest-wheat-producing-countries-world. [Accessed 16.12.2016]
4. Bahçecioğlu Z, Gjaerum HB (2003). New and rare rust fungi (Uredinales) from Anatolia (Turkey). Mycotaxon, 85: 165-173.
5. Belderok B, Mesdag J, Donner DA (2000). Bread-Making Quality of Wheat, Springer, p. 3, ISBN 0-7923-6383-3, DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0950-7
6. Davis PH (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. Edinburg Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
7. Doğar G (2016). Investigation of resistance status in wild oat (Avena sterilis L.) infesting wheat crop against some herbicide in Tokat province. (M.Sc. Hons. Thesis). Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat, Turkey (In Turkish)
8. Doğar G, Kadıoğlu I (2016). Determination of Resistance Status in Wild Oat (Avena sterilis L.) Against Some Herbicides in Tokat Province. Turkey 6th Plant Protection Congress with international participation, Konya, Turkey, 5-8 September 2016. pp: 813

9. Ekici T, Erdoğdu M, Aytaç Z, Suludere Z (2012). Septoria species in Kıbrıs Village (Ankara, Turkey). Nova Hedwigia, 95(3-4): 483-491.
10. Ellis MB, Ellis JP (1987). Microfungi on Land Plants – An Identification Handbook. Croom Helm. London & Sydney.
11. Erciş A, İren S (1993). Some research on the biological control of weeds rust. Adana Plant Protection Research Institute Publications. Adana, P. 397-404. (In Turkish)
12. Erdoğdu M, Hüseyin E (2013). Records of microfungi associated with plants in the Kemaliye district (Erzincan, Turkey). Nova Hedwigia, 97(3-4): 441-456.
13. Erdoğdu M, Hüseyin E, Suludere Z. (2010). Description of the rusts from Kemaliye (Erzincan, Turkey). Phytoparasitica, 38(1): 81-93.
14. Göbelez M (1963). La Mycoflore de Turguie. I. Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata, 19(4):296-314.
15. Göbelez M (1964). La Mycoflore de Turguie. II. Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata, 23(1):47-67.
16. Index Fungorum (2016). http://www.indexfungorum.org. (accessed: 22 April 2016).
17. Kavak H (2003). First record of leaf scald caused by Rhynchosporium secalis in natural population of Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum in Turkey. Plant Pathology, 52:805.
18. Kirk PM, Ansell AE (1992). Authors of fungal names. Index of fungi supplement. CAB International, Wallingford.
19. Kırbag S (2004). New records of microfungi from Turkey. Pak. J. Bot., 36(2): 445-448.
20. Mayor E (1962). A propos d’un Peronospora sur Myagrum perfoliatum L. et d’un Puccinia sur Senecio vulgaris L. Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges., 72: 262-271.
21. Özaslan C (2011). Diyarbakır ili buğday ve pamuk ekim alanlarında sorun olan yabancı otlar ile üzerindeki fungal etmenlerin tespiti ve bio-etkinlik potansiyellerinin araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
22. Özaslan C (2016). Downy mildews species on the weeds of Lentil fields in Diyarbakır in Turkey. Scientific Papers.
23. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LIX, ISSN 2285-5785, 365-367.Özaslan C, Erdoğdu M, Hüseyin E, Suludere Z (2015). Additions to rust and chytrid pathogens of Turkey. Mycotaxon, 130(1): 11-15.
24. Özaslan C, Hüseyin E, Erdoğdu M (2013). Microfungi species on the weeds of agro-ecosystem (wheat ecosystem) in Adıyaman city. Journal of fungus, 4(2): 10-18.
25. Özer Z, Kadıoğlu İ, Önen H, Tursun N (2001). Herboloji (Yabancı Ot Bilimi) Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No:20 Kitap seri No:10 Tokat. (In Turkish)
26. Özrenk K, Tepe I (1999). A study on determining pathogenic rust fungi on weeds in Van province. Journal of Turkish Weed Sciences, 2(1): 17-24.
27. Saccardo PA (1972). Sylloge Fungorum Omnium Hucusque Cognitorum 1-25, Pavia, (1881–1931), Johnson reprint corporation, New York, London, 1972, 26: 75-85.
28. Sert HB (2009). Additions to rust and smut fungi of Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 37(2):189–192.
29. Sert HB, Sümbül H (2003). Two new records of downy mildews (Peronosporaceae) in Turkey and a new host. Phytoparasitica, 31(5): 529-531.
30. Shahzad M, Farooq M, Jabran K, Hussain M (2016a). Impact of different crop rotations and tillage systems on weed infestation and productivity of bread wheat. Crop Protection, 89:161-169.
31. Shahzad M, Farooq M, Hussain M (2016b). Weed spectrum in different wheat-based cropping systems under conservation and conventional tillage practices in Punjab, Pakistan. Soil and Tillage Research, 163:71-79.
32. Şin B, Kadioglu I, Kamisli B (2016). Determination of Weed Seeds in Wheat Grain in Tokat Province. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 2016:19(2): 28 -37 (In Turkish)
33. Tunalı B, Yıldırım A, Berner DK, Aşkın A, Aime C (2009). Rust species found in weeds and their identified. Plant Protection Bulletin, 49(2): 79-87. (In Turkish)
34. Türkseven S, Paylan IC, Demirci M, Çapkan D, Serim AT, Uludağ A (2016). Classical and Moleculer Identification of Wild Oat (Avena spp.) Species in Wheat Areas in Turkey. Turkey 6th Plant Protection Congress with international participation, Konya, Turkey, 5-8 September 2016. pp:825
35. Uljanishchev VI, Osipyan LL, Kanchaveli LA, Akhundov TM (1985). Guide to Fungi of Transcaucasia. Peronosporales. Erevan Univ. Press., Erevan. (In Russian)
36. Uygur S (1997). Çukurova Bölgesi Yabancı Ot Türleri. Bu türlerin Konukçuluk Ettiği Hastalık Etmenleri ve Dağılımları ile Hastalık Etmenlerinin Biyolojik Mücadelede Kullanılma Olanaklarının Araştırılması. Doktora Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Adana, 147s.
37. Uygur S, Erkılıç A, Uygur FN (1993). Çukurova Bölgesi Bazı Yabancı Ot Türlerinin Konukçuluk Ettiği Fungal Etmenler ve Bunların Bulaşıklık Oranlarının Araştırılması. Türkiye Herboloji Kongresi Bildirileri 3-5 Şubat, 1993, Adana. (In Turkish)
38. Vanev SG, Dimitrova EG, Ilieva EI (1993). Fungi Bulgaricae, 2 (ordo Peronosporales). Serdicae. (in Bulgarian)