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Ayçiçeği Üretiminde Alevleme ve Çapalamanın Yabancı Ot Mücadelesinde Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Year 2017, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 01.02.2017

Abstract

Çapalama ile kombine edilen propan gazlı alevlemenin kullanımı ayçiçeği üretiminde yabancı otlarla mücadelede alternatif bir kontrol metodu potansiyeline sahiptir. Denemeler, yabancı ot mücadelesinde alevleme ve çapalamanın ayçiçeği dane verimi ve verim unsurlarına etkilerini belirlemek için, İnönü Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi deneme arazisinde kurulmuştur. Deneme konuları yabancı otsuz kontrol, yabancı otlu kontrol ve alevleme ve mekanik mücadelenin (sıra arası) farklı kombinasyonlarını içermiştir. Alevleme uygulamaları ayçiçeğinin farklı büyüme dönemleri olan V2-V4 (2 yaprak–4 yaprak), V4-V6 (4 yaprak–6 yaprak), ve V10–V12 (10 yaprak–12 yaprak) dönemlerinde uygulanmıştır. Denemede propan gazı 60 kg ha−1 dozunda uygulanmıştır. Deneme sonunda, ayçiçeğinin dane verimi, tabla çapı ve bitki boyu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek ayçiçeği dane verimi sürekli otsuz kontrolden (336.98 kg/da) elde edilirken, bunu iki kez (V4-V6 ve V10-V12) çapa (322.75 kg/da) yapılan uygulama takip etmiştir. En yüksek tabla çapı yine sürekli otsuz parsellerden sağlanmıştır (14.2 cm). Bitki boyunda en yüksek değer iki kez çapalama ve alevleme (V2-V4 ve V10-V12) uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. En düşük verim ve verim unsurları sürekli otlu parsellerde görülmüştür. Ayçiçeğinde yabancı ot mücadelesinde alevlemenin ve çapalamanın birlikte kullanımının verim artışını ve bunun sonucunda ise özellikle organik tarımda kullanılabileceğini söyleyebiliriz

References

  • Ascard J (1995). Effects of flame weeding on weed species at different developmental stages. Weed Research, 34:377-385.
  • Casini P, Calamai P, Vecchio V (1994). Flame weeding research in central Italy. In Maîtrise des adventices par voie non chimique. Communications de la quatrième conférence internationale IFOAM, Dijon, France, 5-9 July 1993. (No. Ed. 2, pp. 119-125). Association Colloque IFOAM.
  • Çolakoğlu T, Kitiş YE (2014). Mısır yetiştiriciliğinde farklı dozlarda alev uygulamasının yabancı ot kontrolüne etkisinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 382. s.
  • D’Alessandro F, Bacchi M, Zora D (1992). Effects on the productive respense of thesunflovver to differentt preparation time of the seed bed and to chemical weed control. Preeseding of the 13 th. Ġnternational Sunflower Conference, Vol I. Pisa (Italy ), 7-11 September.
  • Datta A, Stepanovic S, Nedeljkovic D, Bruening C, Gogos G, Knezevic SZ (2013). Impact of single and repeated flaming on yield components and yield of maize. Organic agriculture, 3(3-4), 141-147.
  • Gözcü D ve Uludağ A (2005). Weeds in cotton fields and their importance in cotton in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Türk. Herb. Der., 8: 7–15.
  • Düzgüneş, O, Kesici, T, Kavuncu, O ve Gürbüz F (1987). Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları (İstatistik Metodları II). A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 1021. Ders Kitabı, 295 s. Ankara.
  • Gözcü D ve Uludağ A (2005). Weeds in cotton fields and their importance in cotton in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Türk. Herb. Der., 8: 7–15.
  • Higgins RK, Neilson BD, Stepanovic SV, Datta A, Bruening CA, Gogos G, Knezevic S, Lyon D (2010). Effect of flaming and cultivation on weed control and yield in sunflower, North Central Weed Science Society Conference Proceedings,
  • Volume 65, Lexington, KY, USA.Kadıoglu I, Uremis I and Uludag A, ( 2004). Relationships between seedbank and weed flora in cotton areas in the cukurova region of Turkey. Bull. Pure Appl. Sci. 23B, 61–69.
  • Kaya Y (2016). Ülkemizde ayçiçeği durumu ve gelecekteki yönü. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25 (Özel sayı-2):322-327.
  • Kitiş YE, Gök YE (2013). Flame weeding effects on some weed species. 16th European Weed Research Society Symposium, 24- 27 June 2013, Samsun/Turkey 172. s.
  • Kitiş YE, Ekinci S (2014). Farklı dozlarda alev uygulamasının bazı yabancı ot türlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 384. s.
  • Kitiş YE, Ekinci S, Çolakoğlu T (2014). Yoncada küsküt mücadelesinde alevleme yönteminin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 399. s.
  • Knezevic S., Ulloa S. (2007). Potential new tool for weed control in organically grown agronomic crops. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 52(2), 95-104.
  • Knezevic SZ, Stepanovic S, Datta A, Nedeljkovic D, Tursun N (2013). Soybean yield and yield components as influenced by the single and repeated flaming. Crop Protection, 50, 1-5.
  • Knezevic S, Datta A, Bruening C, Gogos G (2014). Propane-fueled flame weeding in corn, soybean, and sunflower. PropaneFueled Flame Weeding in Corn, Soybean, and Sunflower.
  • Lague C, Gill J. Peloquin G (2000). Thermal control in plant protection. In Physical control methods in plant protection/La lute physique en phytoprotection. Edited by C. Vincent, B. Panneton, and F. Fleurat-Lessard. Springer-Verlag. 35–46.
  • Morelle B (1993). Le desherbage thermique et ses applications en agriculture et en horticulture, in J.M. Thomas (ed) Proceedings of the Fourth IFOAM International Conference. pp. 109- 115Parish S. 1990A Review Of Non-Chemical Weed Control Techniques. Biol. Agric. Hort.7: 117-137.
  • Neilson B, Stepanovic A, Datta A, Bruening C, Gogos G, Knezevic Z (2011). Effect of flaming and cultivation on weed control and yield in sunflower. North Central Weed Science Society Proceedings, Volume 66, Milwaukee, WE, USA.
  • Parish S (1990). A review of nonchemical weed control technigues. Biol. Agric. Hort. 7,117-137.
  • Peruzzi A, Raffaelli M, Ciolo SD (2000). Experimental tests of selective flame weeding for different spring summer crops in Central Italy. Agricoltura Mediterranea, 130(2), 85-94.
  • Reddiex SJ, Wratten SD, Hill GD, Bourdot GW, Frampton CM (2001), Evaluation of mechanical weed mManagement techniques on weed and crop populations. New Zealand Plant Protection Volume 54, 2001.
  • Rifai MN, Lacko-Bartosova M, Pus Karova M (1996). Weed control for organic vegetable farming. Rostlinna Vyroba, 42(10):463-466.
  • Szekelyne-Eszter-Radics L (2001). Possibilities of weed control in green bean and tomato by different types of mulch. Magyar Gyomkutatas es Technologia 2 (2) Budapest: Agroinform Kiado es Nyomdaipari Kft., 47-60.
  • TÜİK (2016). https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul,erişim tarihi:26.02.2017
  • Oerke EC, Steiner U (1996). Abschätzung der ertragsverluste im maisanbau. in: ertragsverluste und pflanzenschutz – die anbausituation für die wirtschaftlich wichtigsten kulturpflanzen-. German Phytomedical Society Series, Band: 6, pp. 63- 79, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart.
  • Ulloa SM, Datta A, Malidza G, Leskovsek R, Knezevic SZ (2010). Timing and propane dose of broadcast flaming to control weed population influenced yield of sweet maize (Zea mays L. var. rugosa). Field crops research, 118(3), 282-288.
  • Tursun N, Akinci IE, Uludag A, Pamukoglu Z, Gozcu D (2012). Critical period for weed control in direct seeded red pepper (Capsicum annum L.). Weed Biology and Management, 12, 109-115
  • Tursun N, Datta A, Sakınmaz MS, Kantarcı Z, Knezevic SZ, Chauhan BS (2016). The critical period for weed control in three corn (Zea mays L.) types. Crop Protection. 90:59-65.
  • Walz E (1999). Final results of the third biennial national organic farmers' survey. Santa Cruz, CA: Organic Farming Research Foundation.
  • Yay ÖD (2015). Edirne ili ayçiçeği ekim alanlarında görülen önemli yabancı ot türleri, yoğunlukları ve rastlanma sıklıklarının belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı, Tekirdağ.
  • Zengin H (1999). Erzurum yöresi ayçiçeği tarlalarında görülen yabancı otlar, yoğunlukları, rastlama sıklıkları ve topluluk oluşturma durumları üzerinde araştırmalar. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 23, 39-44.

The Effect of Flaming and Cultivation for Weed Control in Sunflower Production

Year 2017, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 01.02.2017

Abstract

The use of propane flaming in combination with cultivation could be a potential alternative control method in combating weeds of sunflower. Field experiments were conducted at the experimental field of Agriculture Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya/Turkey to determine the level of weed control and the response of sunflower seed yield and its components to flaming and cultivation using a weed flamer. The treatments included weed-free control, weedy season-long and different combinations of broadcast flaming and mechanical cultivation (inter-row). The flaming treatments were applied at V2-V4 (2–4 leaf), V4-V6 (4-6 leaf), and V10–V12 (10–12 leaf) growth stages. Propane doses were 60 kg ha for broadcast flaming treatments. At the end of the experiment, the capitulum diameter, plant height and yield values of the sunflower were determined. The highest sunflower yield was obtained from weed-free control (336.98 kg/da), followed by twice cultivation application (322.75 kg/da). The highest capitulum diameter was obtained from the weed-free control plot (14.2 cm). The highest value was observed with cultivation and flaming twice . The lowest yield and yield components were observed in the weedy control. It may be suggested that the application of flaming in the weed control of the sunflower can increase the yield, thus may be used especially in organic agriculture

References

  • Ascard J (1995). Effects of flame weeding on weed species at different developmental stages. Weed Research, 34:377-385.
  • Casini P, Calamai P, Vecchio V (1994). Flame weeding research in central Italy. In Maîtrise des adventices par voie non chimique. Communications de la quatrième conférence internationale IFOAM, Dijon, France, 5-9 July 1993. (No. Ed. 2, pp. 119-125). Association Colloque IFOAM.
  • Çolakoğlu T, Kitiş YE (2014). Mısır yetiştiriciliğinde farklı dozlarda alev uygulamasının yabancı ot kontrolüne etkisinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 382. s.
  • D’Alessandro F, Bacchi M, Zora D (1992). Effects on the productive respense of thesunflovver to differentt preparation time of the seed bed and to chemical weed control. Preeseding of the 13 th. Ġnternational Sunflower Conference, Vol I. Pisa (Italy ), 7-11 September.
  • Datta A, Stepanovic S, Nedeljkovic D, Bruening C, Gogos G, Knezevic SZ (2013). Impact of single and repeated flaming on yield components and yield of maize. Organic agriculture, 3(3-4), 141-147.
  • Gözcü D ve Uludağ A (2005). Weeds in cotton fields and their importance in cotton in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Türk. Herb. Der., 8: 7–15.
  • Düzgüneş, O, Kesici, T, Kavuncu, O ve Gürbüz F (1987). Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları (İstatistik Metodları II). A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 1021. Ders Kitabı, 295 s. Ankara.
  • Gözcü D ve Uludağ A (2005). Weeds in cotton fields and their importance in cotton in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Türk. Herb. Der., 8: 7–15.
  • Higgins RK, Neilson BD, Stepanovic SV, Datta A, Bruening CA, Gogos G, Knezevic S, Lyon D (2010). Effect of flaming and cultivation on weed control and yield in sunflower, North Central Weed Science Society Conference Proceedings,
  • Volume 65, Lexington, KY, USA.Kadıoglu I, Uremis I and Uludag A, ( 2004). Relationships between seedbank and weed flora in cotton areas in the cukurova region of Turkey. Bull. Pure Appl. Sci. 23B, 61–69.
  • Kaya Y (2016). Ülkemizde ayçiçeği durumu ve gelecekteki yönü. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25 (Özel sayı-2):322-327.
  • Kitiş YE, Gök YE (2013). Flame weeding effects on some weed species. 16th European Weed Research Society Symposium, 24- 27 June 2013, Samsun/Turkey 172. s.
  • Kitiş YE, Ekinci S (2014). Farklı dozlarda alev uygulamasının bazı yabancı ot türlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 384. s.
  • Kitiş YE, Ekinci S, Çolakoğlu T (2014). Yoncada küsküt mücadelesinde alevleme yönteminin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014, Antalya, 399. s.
  • Knezevic S., Ulloa S. (2007). Potential new tool for weed control in organically grown agronomic crops. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 52(2), 95-104.
  • Knezevic SZ, Stepanovic S, Datta A, Nedeljkovic D, Tursun N (2013). Soybean yield and yield components as influenced by the single and repeated flaming. Crop Protection, 50, 1-5.
  • Knezevic S, Datta A, Bruening C, Gogos G (2014). Propane-fueled flame weeding in corn, soybean, and sunflower. PropaneFueled Flame Weeding in Corn, Soybean, and Sunflower.
  • Lague C, Gill J. Peloquin G (2000). Thermal control in plant protection. In Physical control methods in plant protection/La lute physique en phytoprotection. Edited by C. Vincent, B. Panneton, and F. Fleurat-Lessard. Springer-Verlag. 35–46.
  • Morelle B (1993). Le desherbage thermique et ses applications en agriculture et en horticulture, in J.M. Thomas (ed) Proceedings of the Fourth IFOAM International Conference. pp. 109- 115Parish S. 1990A Review Of Non-Chemical Weed Control Techniques. Biol. Agric. Hort.7: 117-137.
  • Neilson B, Stepanovic A, Datta A, Bruening C, Gogos G, Knezevic Z (2011). Effect of flaming and cultivation on weed control and yield in sunflower. North Central Weed Science Society Proceedings, Volume 66, Milwaukee, WE, USA.
  • Parish S (1990). A review of nonchemical weed control technigues. Biol. Agric. Hort. 7,117-137.
  • Peruzzi A, Raffaelli M, Ciolo SD (2000). Experimental tests of selective flame weeding for different spring summer crops in Central Italy. Agricoltura Mediterranea, 130(2), 85-94.
  • Reddiex SJ, Wratten SD, Hill GD, Bourdot GW, Frampton CM (2001), Evaluation of mechanical weed mManagement techniques on weed and crop populations. New Zealand Plant Protection Volume 54, 2001.
  • Rifai MN, Lacko-Bartosova M, Pus Karova M (1996). Weed control for organic vegetable farming. Rostlinna Vyroba, 42(10):463-466.
  • Szekelyne-Eszter-Radics L (2001). Possibilities of weed control in green bean and tomato by different types of mulch. Magyar Gyomkutatas es Technologia 2 (2) Budapest: Agroinform Kiado es Nyomdaipari Kft., 47-60.
  • TÜİK (2016). https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul,erişim tarihi:26.02.2017
  • Oerke EC, Steiner U (1996). Abschätzung der ertragsverluste im maisanbau. in: ertragsverluste und pflanzenschutz – die anbausituation für die wirtschaftlich wichtigsten kulturpflanzen-. German Phytomedical Society Series, Band: 6, pp. 63- 79, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart.
  • Ulloa SM, Datta A, Malidza G, Leskovsek R, Knezevic SZ (2010). Timing and propane dose of broadcast flaming to control weed population influenced yield of sweet maize (Zea mays L. var. rugosa). Field crops research, 118(3), 282-288.
  • Tursun N, Akinci IE, Uludag A, Pamukoglu Z, Gozcu D (2012). Critical period for weed control in direct seeded red pepper (Capsicum annum L.). Weed Biology and Management, 12, 109-115
  • Tursun N, Datta A, Sakınmaz MS, Kantarcı Z, Knezevic SZ, Chauhan BS (2016). The critical period for weed control in three corn (Zea mays L.) types. Crop Protection. 90:59-65.
  • Walz E (1999). Final results of the third biennial national organic farmers' survey. Santa Cruz, CA: Organic Farming Research Foundation.
  • Yay ÖD (2015). Edirne ili ayçiçeği ekim alanlarında görülen önemli yabancı ot türleri, yoğunlukları ve rastlanma sıklıklarının belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı, Tekirdağ.
  • Zengin H (1999). Erzurum yöresi ayçiçeği tarlalarında görülen yabancı otlar, yoğunlukları, rastlama sıklıkları ve topluluk oluşturma durumları üzerinde araştırmalar. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 23, 39-44.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA22FJ26NM
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nihat Tursun This is me

Ege Fırat Karaat This is me

İ. Kutalmıs Kutsal This is me

Rabia Isık This is me

Selçuk Arslan This is me

Ayşe Özlem Tursun This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 20 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tursun, N., Karaat, E. F., Kutsal, İ. K., Isık, R., et al. (2017). The Effect of Flaming and Cultivation for Weed Control in Sunflower Production. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 20(1), 10-17.

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