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Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Kullanılan ve Deşarj Edilen Quinclorac’lı Sulama Suyunun Sebze Üretim Alanlarında Kullanılması Sonucu Oluşan Fitotoksisitelerin Belirlenmesi ve Zamana Bağlı Su Deşarj Yöntemleriyle Önlenmesine Yönelik Araştırmalar

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 58 - 66, 10.07.2023

Abstract

Çeltik üretim sisteminin tamamen sucul ortamda olmasından dolayı az sayıda ama önemli yabancı ot cinslerinin bu sisteme adapte olmasına neden olmuştur. Günümüzde çeltik yetiştiriciliği yapılan tüm ülkelerde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de Echinochloa türlerinin kontrolünde Quinclorac aktif maddesinin etkinliği nedeniyle yaygın kullanımı sonucunda, özellikle çeltik ile beraber sebze üretimin yapıldığı Karadeniz, Güney Marmara ve kısmen olarak da Trakya Bölgelerinde 2020 yılı içerisinde bu herbisitin sürüklenmesi ve çeltik tavalarında boşaltılan suların sebzelerde kullanılması sonucunda başta domates ve biber bitkileri olmak üzere bazı sebzelerde ciddi fitotoksite sorununa neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma ile hem çeltik çiftçisini korumak ve hem de sebze üreticilerinin mağdur edilmemesi amacıyla çeltik ekim alanlarında kullanılan Quinclorac’ın sürüklenme riskini azaltacak pratik uygulama yöntemleri araştırılmıştır. Proje kapsamında, Trakya, Güney Marmara ve Karadeniz Bölgelerinde kurulan denemeler ile Quinclorac uygulamasını takiben çeltik tarlalarından zamana bağlı olarak deşarj edilen sudaki kalıntı miktarları tespit edilmiş ve bu suların domates ve biber yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılmasıyla oluşan fitotoksisiteler belirlenmiştir. Quinclorac uygulamasını takiben çeltik tarlalarından zamana bağlı olarak deşarj edilen su örneklemelerinde ilk 3 gün içerisinde 0.01 ppm olarak bulunan Quinclorac kalıntısı daha sonra tespit edilebilir limitin altına düşmüştür. Bu durum bize çeltik tavalarından boşaltılan suyla yapılan veya yapılma ihtimali olan sebze sulamalarının, Quinclorac uygulamasından 5 gün sonra yapılması durumunda bir fitotoksisite yaratmayacağını ortaya koymuştur. Yine sudaki kalıntı miktarının domates ve biber bitkileri üzerindeki fitotoksisitesinin belirlenmeye çalışıldığı uygulamaların tamamında, Quinlorac aktif maddesinin uygulama dozundan 1000 kat daha düşük dozlarının dahi gerek domates ve gerekse biber bitkisini tamamen öldürdüğü ortaya konulmuştur.

Supporting Institution

TUBİTAK-TOVAG

Project Number

1210160

Thanks

Bu çalışma Samsun 19 Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Öğretim Üyesi Prof. Dr. Hüsrev MENNAN yürütücülüğünde “Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Kullanılan Quinclorac’ın Sürüklenme Riskini Azaltacak Pratik Yabancı Ot Mücadele Uygulamalarının Araştırılması” isimli TUBİTAK-TOVAG 1210160 projesi kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Anonim, 2004. Journal of Chromatography A., 1028 (2004)63-74
  • Bansal R.K., Walker J.T., Talbert R.E. and Mattice J.D. (1999). A study of facet (Quinclorac) drift and its impact of tomatoes. 1. Year Report, Rev, 9 Final Copy, 11/24/99. Universiy of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR. Draft. Pp-1-64.
  • Behrens R., Lueschen W. E. (1979). Dicamba volatility. Weed Sci. 27:486–493.
  • Breeze V. G. and Rensburg E. (1992). Uptake of herbicide [14C] 2,4-D iso-octyl in the vapor phase by tomato and lettuce plants and some effects on growth and phytotoxicity. Ann. Appl. Biol. 120:493–500.
  • De Barreda D.G., Lorenzo E., Carbonell E.A.,Cases B., and Muñoz N. (1993). Use of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Seedlings to Detect Bensulfuron and Quinclorac Residues in Water. Weed Technology. Vol. 7, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun.), pp. 376-381 (6 pages)
  • Deschamps F.C., Noldin J.A., Eberhardt D.S., Hermes L.C., Knoblauch R. (2003). Resíduos De Agroquímıcos Em Água Nas Áreas De Arroz Irrıgado, Em Santa Catarına.
  • FAO. (2017) Food and Agricultural organization.Online Interactive Database on Agriculture, FAOSTAT.www.fao.org
  • Grossmann K. (1998). Quinclorac belongs to a New Class of Highly Selective Auxin Herbicides. Weed Science.Vol. 46, No. 6 (Nov. - Dec., 1998), pp. 707-716 (10 pages).
  • Holm L.G., Plucknett D.L., Pancho J.V., Herberger J.P. (1977). The world's worst weeds: distribution and biology. Honolulu, Hawaii (USA): University of Hawaii Press. 609 p.
  • Kraehmer H., Jabran K., Mennan H., Chauhan B.S. (2015). Global distribution of rice weeds review. Crop Protection, 80: 73–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.027
  • Mennan H., Kaya-Altop E. (2012). Molecular techniques for discrimination of late watergrass (Echinochloa oryzicola) and early watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides) species in Turkish rice production. Weed science 60 (4), 525-530.
  • Mennan, M Ngouajio, M Sahin, D Isık, EK Altop (2012) Developing more competitive rice cultivars. Crop Protection. Volume 41, November 2012, Pages 1-9.
  • Michael P. W. (1983). Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. Weed control in rice. 1983 pp.291-306 ref.39. Dep. of Agron. and Hort. Sci., Sydney Univ., Sydney, N.S.W. 2006, Australia
  • Paris P, Pace E, Maschio G, Ursino S, 2018. Rapporto nazionale pesticidi nelle acque. Dati 2017-2018. Edizione 2020. Available from: https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/it/pubblicazioni/rapporti/rapporto-nazionale-pesticidi-nelle-acque-dati2017-2018
  • Resgalla C., Noldin J., Tamanaha M., Deschamps F., Eberhardt D.S., Röring L.R. (2017). Risk analysis of herbicide Quinclorac residues in irrigated rice areas, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Ecotoxicology, v. 16, n. 8, p. 565-571, 2007.
  • Ritz C., Streibig J.C. (2005). Bioassay Analysis using R. Journal of Statistical Software. January Volume 12, Issue 5.
  • Ruiz-Santaella J. P., De Prado R., Wagner J., Fischer A. J., Gerhards R. (2006). Resistance mechanisms to cyhalofop-butyl in a biotype of Echinochloa phyllopogon (Stapf) Koss. from California. J. Plant Dis. Prot. 20 95–100.
  • Singh R.K., Khush G.S., Singh U.S. (2000). Breeding Aromatic Rice for High Yield, Improved Aroma and Grain Quality. In: Aromatic Rices, Singh, R.K., U.S. Singh and G.S. Khush (Edn.). Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp: 71-106
  • Sparacino C., Ruini D., Ditto F.T. (2007). Morphological and karyotypical characterization of four biotypes of red rice (Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica var. sylvatica). 4th. International Temperate Rice Conference June 25 - 28, 2007 NOVARA ITALY.
  • Street J.E., Mueller T.C. (1993). Rice (Oryza sativa) Weed Control with Soil Applications of Quinclorac. Weed Technology. Vol. 7, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1993), pp. 600-604 (5 pages).Published By: Cambridge University Press.
  • Talbert and Nilda R. Burgos . (2007). "History and Management of Herbicide-resistant Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Arkansas Rice," Weed Technology 21(2), 324-331, (1 April 2007).
  • Vencill W. K. ed. (2002). Herbicide handbook 8th ed. Lawrence, Kansas: Weed Science Society of America. 51 p.
  • Viggiani P, Tabacchi M. and Angelini R. (2003). Vegetazione spontanea di risaie e canali. L’Informatore Agrario, Verona. 375.

Studies on the Prevention of Time-Dependent Water Discharge Methods and Determination of Phytotoxicities Resulting from the Use of Quinclorac Irrigation Water Used and Discharged in Rice Planting Fields in Vegetable Production Fields, Türkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 58 - 66, 10.07.2023

Abstract

Due to the fact that the rice production system is completely in aquatic environment, few but significant weed species have adapted to this system. Due to the effectiveness of Quinclorac active ingredient in the control of Echinochloa species, it is widely used in our country as in all countries where rice cultivation is carried out today. Especially in the Black Sea, Southern Marmara and partially Thrace regions where rice and vegetables are produced, as a result of the drift of this herbicide and the use of the water discharged in the rice pans on vegetables in 2020, serious phytotoxicity problems have been observed in some vegetables, especially tomato and pepper plants. In this study, practical application methods to reduce the drift risk of Quinclorac used in rice cultivation areas were investigated in order to protect both the rice farmers and not to victimize the vegetable producers. Within the scope of the project, with the trials established in Thrace, Southern Marmara and Black Sea Regions, the amount of residues in the water discharged from the rice fields following the Quinclorac application, depending on time, were determined and the phytotoxicities caused by the use of these waters in tomato and pepper cultivation were determined. Following the Quinclorac application, the Quinclorac residue, which was found as 0.01 ppm in the first 3 days in the water samples discharged from the rice fields depending on time, later fell below the detectable limit. This situation has shown us that vegetable irrigations made or likely to be done with the water drained from the rice pans will not create a phytotoxicity 5 days after the application. Again, in all applications in which the phytotoxicity of Quinclorac residue amount in water on tomatoes and peppers was tried to be determined, it was revealed that even doses 1000 times less than the application dose of Quinlorac active substance completely killed both tomatoes and peppers.

Project Number

1210160

References

  • Anonim, 2004. Journal of Chromatography A., 1028 (2004)63-74
  • Bansal R.K., Walker J.T., Talbert R.E. and Mattice J.D. (1999). A study of facet (Quinclorac) drift and its impact of tomatoes. 1. Year Report, Rev, 9 Final Copy, 11/24/99. Universiy of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR. Draft. Pp-1-64.
  • Behrens R., Lueschen W. E. (1979). Dicamba volatility. Weed Sci. 27:486–493.
  • Breeze V. G. and Rensburg E. (1992). Uptake of herbicide [14C] 2,4-D iso-octyl in the vapor phase by tomato and lettuce plants and some effects on growth and phytotoxicity. Ann. Appl. Biol. 120:493–500.
  • De Barreda D.G., Lorenzo E., Carbonell E.A.,Cases B., and Muñoz N. (1993). Use of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Seedlings to Detect Bensulfuron and Quinclorac Residues in Water. Weed Technology. Vol. 7, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun.), pp. 376-381 (6 pages)
  • Deschamps F.C., Noldin J.A., Eberhardt D.S., Hermes L.C., Knoblauch R. (2003). Resíduos De Agroquímıcos Em Água Nas Áreas De Arroz Irrıgado, Em Santa Catarına.
  • FAO. (2017) Food and Agricultural organization.Online Interactive Database on Agriculture, FAOSTAT.www.fao.org
  • Grossmann K. (1998). Quinclorac belongs to a New Class of Highly Selective Auxin Herbicides. Weed Science.Vol. 46, No. 6 (Nov. - Dec., 1998), pp. 707-716 (10 pages).
  • Holm L.G., Plucknett D.L., Pancho J.V., Herberger J.P. (1977). The world's worst weeds: distribution and biology. Honolulu, Hawaii (USA): University of Hawaii Press. 609 p.
  • Kraehmer H., Jabran K., Mennan H., Chauhan B.S. (2015). Global distribution of rice weeds review. Crop Protection, 80: 73–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.027
  • Mennan H., Kaya-Altop E. (2012). Molecular techniques for discrimination of late watergrass (Echinochloa oryzicola) and early watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides) species in Turkish rice production. Weed science 60 (4), 525-530.
  • Mennan, M Ngouajio, M Sahin, D Isık, EK Altop (2012) Developing more competitive rice cultivars. Crop Protection. Volume 41, November 2012, Pages 1-9.
  • Michael P. W. (1983). Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. Weed control in rice. 1983 pp.291-306 ref.39. Dep. of Agron. and Hort. Sci., Sydney Univ., Sydney, N.S.W. 2006, Australia
  • Paris P, Pace E, Maschio G, Ursino S, 2018. Rapporto nazionale pesticidi nelle acque. Dati 2017-2018. Edizione 2020. Available from: https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/it/pubblicazioni/rapporti/rapporto-nazionale-pesticidi-nelle-acque-dati2017-2018
  • Resgalla C., Noldin J., Tamanaha M., Deschamps F., Eberhardt D.S., Röring L.R. (2017). Risk analysis of herbicide Quinclorac residues in irrigated rice areas, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Ecotoxicology, v. 16, n. 8, p. 565-571, 2007.
  • Ritz C., Streibig J.C. (2005). Bioassay Analysis using R. Journal of Statistical Software. January Volume 12, Issue 5.
  • Ruiz-Santaella J. P., De Prado R., Wagner J., Fischer A. J., Gerhards R. (2006). Resistance mechanisms to cyhalofop-butyl in a biotype of Echinochloa phyllopogon (Stapf) Koss. from California. J. Plant Dis. Prot. 20 95–100.
  • Singh R.K., Khush G.S., Singh U.S. (2000). Breeding Aromatic Rice for High Yield, Improved Aroma and Grain Quality. In: Aromatic Rices, Singh, R.K., U.S. Singh and G.S. Khush (Edn.). Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp: 71-106
  • Sparacino C., Ruini D., Ditto F.T. (2007). Morphological and karyotypical characterization of four biotypes of red rice (Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica var. sylvatica). 4th. International Temperate Rice Conference June 25 - 28, 2007 NOVARA ITALY.
  • Street J.E., Mueller T.C. (1993). Rice (Oryza sativa) Weed Control with Soil Applications of Quinclorac. Weed Technology. Vol. 7, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1993), pp. 600-604 (5 pages).Published By: Cambridge University Press.
  • Talbert and Nilda R. Burgos . (2007). "History and Management of Herbicide-resistant Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Arkansas Rice," Weed Technology 21(2), 324-331, (1 April 2007).
  • Vencill W. K. ed. (2002). Herbicide handbook 8th ed. Lawrence, Kansas: Weed Science Society of America. 51 p.
  • Viggiani P, Tabacchi M. and Angelini R. (2003). Vegetazione spontanea di risaie e canali. L’Informatore Agrario, Verona. 375.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yalçın Kaya 0000-0002-5378-6137

Bülent Başaran 0000-0003-3874-5481

Hakan Örnek 0000-0001-9747-4672

Hüsrev Mennan 0000-0002-1410-8114

Project Number 1210160
Early Pub Date July 8, 2023
Publication Date July 10, 2023
Acceptance Date June 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 26 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kaya, Y., Başaran, B., Örnek, H., Mennan, H. (2023). Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Kullanılan ve Deşarj Edilen Quinclorac’lı Sulama Suyunun Sebze Üretim Alanlarında Kullanılması Sonucu Oluşan Fitotoksisitelerin Belirlenmesi ve Zamana Bağlı Su Deşarj Yöntemleriyle Önlenmesine Yönelik Araştırmalar. Turkish Journal of Weed Science, 26(1), 58-66.

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