Research Article

A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL

Number: 117 March 15, 2026
EN TR

A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a series of affirmative discourses on the revival of Alevi music in academic circles. As expounded, particularly in ethnomusicological works, revival refers to the discovery and renewal of a music tradition, in a way restoring its long-denied livelihoods and performative practices. However, despite all the positive meanings attributed to the narrative of the Alevi Music Revival, its theoretical baggage, primarily based on the common presupposition that Alevi music is an age-old cultural-religious genre, requires critical examination. Thus, paying attention to the longue durée of the politics of Alevism in Turkey, I aim to go herein beyond this narrative and write a brief history of how Alevi music was constructed. The data, analyzed through an ethnomusicological perspective and contextualized by the lens of Foucauldian historiography, were derived from the relevant literature and from my ethnographically informed PhD research in Turkey between 2017 and 2020. The results show that, contrary to this narrative, Alevi music is neither an age-old cultural-religious genre devised by the ancestors of today’s Alevis and handed down from centuries ago to the present, nor has it been pushed to the brink of extinction due to the domineering policies of the Turkish nation-state, nor has it been revived from its ashes led by a group of bağlama virtuosos since the 1990s. Instead, as a musical identity, it is the very product of a construction process that is both the manifestation and the antithesis of a historico-political problematization on the issue of how a national-secular music could be made. The study concludes that this construction process began to materialize through the axes of knowledge, power, and ethics in the early 1980s, that is, just before the rise of cultural Alevism discourses.

Keywords

Thanks

I want to take this opportunity to thank Prof. Songül Karahasanoğlu, my doctoral thesis advisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Levent Soysal encouraged me to write this paper, Arif Sağ and Musa Eroğlu hosted me in their homes, and the bağlama virtuoso Erdal Erzincan helped me visit Sağ. Also, I take this moment to express my gratitude to Turkish scholar and Foucault specialist, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ferda Kemal Keskin, whose profound knowledge of Foucault’s oeuvre has been a guiding light during my doctoral research.

References

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  2. Aksoy, Ozan Emrah. 2014. The Music and Multiple Identities of Kurdish Alevis from Turkey in Germany. Doctoral thesis, City University of New York, Department of Music.
  3. Arsunar, Ferruh. 1941. Ferruh Arsunar'ın, Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası Genel Sekreterliği'ne hitaben yazdığı 27.06.1941 tarihli dilekçe [Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi, belge no. 490.1.0.0/1040.999.1/288].
  4. Budiseli?, Ervin. 2014. "The Old Testament Concept of Revival within the New Testament." Kairos: Evangelical Journal of Theology, Vol. VIII. No. 1, 45-74.
  5. Çalışkan, Faruk. 2018. "1980'lerden Günümüze Performans Pratiğinin Dönüşümü ve Etkileri: Bağlama Çalgısında El İle (Tezenesiz) Çalma Tekniği." Porte Akademik Müzik ve Dans Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol. 17, 7-29.
  6. Clarke, Gloria Lucille. 1998. Bir Dedenin Kimliğinde Müziğin Yeri Ne Kadardır? Seçkinlerin Müzik Eğitimi: Türkiye Alevilerinin Manevi Liderlerinin Yetişmesinde Müziğin Rolü. Doctoral thesis, Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müzikoloji Anabilim Dalı.
  7. Clarke, Gloria Lucille. 1999. The World of the Alevis: Issues of Culture and Identity. Including a Comparison of the Anatolian Alevi Ocak with the North Indian Charmin. New York and Istanbul: AVC Publications.
  8. Clarke, Gloria Lucille. 2001. "Alevi Kültürel Kimliğinde Müziğin Rolü." Toplumbilim Dergisi, Müzik ve Kültürel Kimlik Özel Sayısı, No. 12, 127-136.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Musicology and Ethnomusicology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 15, 2026

Submission Date

December 23, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 4, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 117

APA
Güngör, İ. (2026). A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL. Türk Kültürü Ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi, 117, 101-120. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362
AMA
1.Güngör İ. A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi. 2026;(117):101-120. doi:10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362
Chicago
Güngör, İsmail. 2026. “A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL”. Türk Kültürü Ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi, nos. 117: 101-20. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362.
EndNote
Güngör İ (March 1, 2026) A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 117 101–120.
IEEE
[1]İ. Güngör, “A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL”, Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi, no. 117, pp. 101–120, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362.
ISNAD
Güngör, İsmail. “A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL”. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi. 117 (March 1, 2026): 101-120. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362.
JAMA
1.Güngör İ. A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi. 2026;:101–120.
MLA
Güngör, İsmail. “A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL”. Türk Kültürü Ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi, no. 117, Mar. 2026, pp. 101-20, doi:10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362.
Vancouver
1.İsmail Güngör. A FOUCAULDIAN CRITIQUE OF THE ALEVI MUSIC REVIVAL. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi. 2026 Mar. 1;(117):101-20. doi:10.60163/tkhcbva.1847362

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