TÜRK-AMERIKAN TICARI İLIŞKILERININ GELIŞIMINDE ÖNEMLI BIR İSIM: BAŞKONSOLOS GABRIEL BIE RAVNDAL 1865-1950

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türk-Amerikan ticari ilişkilerinin genişlemesine önemli katkılar yapan Amerikan Başkonsolosu Gabriel Bie Ravndal’ın 1865- 1950 hayatını incelemektedir. Ondokuzuncu yüzyıl sonlarına kadar nispeten düşük seyreden ikili ticaret, takip eden süreçte Osmanlı İmparatorluğu/Türkiye için artmaya başlamış ve kaydadeğer bir seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Karşılıklı ticaretteki bu genişleme dönemi esnasında Ravndal, Beyrut ve sonrasında İstanbul’a Amerikan diplomatik temsilcisi olarak gönderilmiştir. Kariyerinin çoğunu Osmanlı/Türk topraklarında geçiren Ravndal, özellikle Türk-Amerikan ticaretinin gelişmesi üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Amerikan Levant Ticaret Odası ve İstanbul’daki Amerikan Kulübü’nün kurulmasına öncülük etmiştir. Bölge hakkında finansal, ekonomik ve ticari bilgiler sunan Levant Trade Review’ın çıkarılmasını sağlamıştır. Ayrıca, isabetli ticari raporlar hazırlamış, ticaretin genişlemesinin önündeki engel- lerin kaldırılmasına çalışmış ve Osmanlı İmparatorluğu/Türkiye ve ABD iş dünyası arasında farkındalığı artırmıştır. Bu nedenle, Ravndal’ın haya- tının incelenmesi Amerikan iş dünyasının İstanbul’daki faaliyetlerine ek olarak ikili ticaret hakkında da detaylı bilgi sunacaktır. Ek olarak, bu araş- tırma Amerikan ticari stratejisindeki radikal değişimler ve Amerikan Dı-şişlerinin Amerikan ticaretinin gelişmelerine katkısı hakkında da bazı bil- giler içerecektir.

Keywords

• Gabriel Bie Ravndal, Türk-Amerikan Ticareti, Amerikan Levant Tica- ret Odası, Dış Ticaret, İş Dünyası

AN IMPORTANT FIGURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH-AMERICAN TRADE RELATIONS: CONSUL GENERAL GABRIEL BIE RAVNDAL 1865-1950

Abstract

This article studies the life of an American Consul General, Gabriel Bie Ravndal 1865- 1950 , who significantly contributed to Turkish-American commercial relations. Remaining relatively low until the late nineteenth century, bilateral trade started to multiply and for the Ottoman Empire/ Republican Turkey reached a remarkable level in the following period. During this period of expansion in bilateral trade, Ravndal was sent to Beirut and later Istanbul as the American diplomatic representative. Spending most of his career in the Ottoman/Turk- ish territories, Ravndal particularly focused on developing the Turkish-American trade. He pioneered the American Chamber of Commerce for the Levant and the American Club in Istanbul. He led the publication of Levant Trade Review, which presented financial, economic and commercial information about the region. Furthermore, he prepared to-the-point commercial reports, sought to remove obstacles to trade expansion, and increased awareness of the business communities in both the Ottoman Empire/Turkey and US. Hence, the study of Ravndal’s life presents detailed information about the bilateral trade as well as the activities of the American business community in Istanbul. In addition, the study will provide some details about the influences of the radical changes on the American commercial strategy and the contribution of the American Foreign Service to the development of American trade.

Keywords

• Turkish-American Trade, Gabriel Bie Ravndal, American Chamber of Commerce for the Levant, Foreign Trade, Business Community

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