Metasezgisel Algoritma Seçiminde Kriter Önceliklerinin AHP Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) çok kriterli bir problemde, kriterleri ağırlıklandırmak ve alternatifler arasından seçim yapmak için kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Kişiler veya uzman kişilerden oluşan gruplar AHP kullanarak subjektif yargıları sayısal değerlere dönüştürebilirler. Yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucu kriter önceliklerini belirleyebilir ve karar verme aşamasında bu sonuçları kullanabilirler. Günümüzde optimizasyon problemlerinin çözümü için kullanılan evrimsel, doğa esinli, fizik-matematik temelli veya sürü zekası gibi farklı özelliklere sahip birçok metasezgisel algoritma vardır. Bu çalışmada, bir metasezgisel algoritmanın seçimi aşamasında etkili olan kriterlerin öncelik sırasının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Seçim için belirleyici olan kriterler uzman kişiler tarafından değerlendirilmiş, elde edilen sonuçlara göre kriterlerin önem düzeyleri sıralanmış ve ağırlıkları hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre bir metasezgisel algoritmanın seçiminde en önemli kriterin, çözüm kalitesi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında, önem sırasına göre en sonda olan kriterin algoritmanın yapısı olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

• Metasezgisel algoritma
• analitik hiyerarşi süreci
• çok kriterli karar verme
• öncelik vektörü
• ikili karşılaştırma

Determination of Criteria Priorities in Metaheuristic Algorithm Selection Using the AHP Method

Abstract

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a method used in multi-criteria problems to assign weights to criteria and make selections among alternatives. Individuals or groups of experts can use AHP to convert subjective judgments into numerical values. Based on the comparisons made, they can determine the priorities of the criteria and use these results during the decision-making process. Today, there are many metaheuristic algorithms with various characteristics—such as evolutionary, nature-inspired, physics–mathematics-based, or swarm intelligence—used to solve optimization problems. In this study, the aim is to investigate the priority order of the criteria that are effective in the selection of a metaheuristic algorithm. The criteria that determine the selection were evaluated by experts; based on the results obtained, the importance levels of the criteria were ranked, and their weights were calculated. According to the findings, the most important criterion in selecting a metaheuristic algorithm is the solution quality. In contrast, the algorithm structure was shown to be the least important criterion in terms of priority.

Keywords

• Metaheuristic algorithm
• analytical hierarchy process
• multi-criteria decision making
• priority vector
• pairwise comparison

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