Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar

Kıvanç Özcan; Nazlı Şenses

doi:10.26513/tocd.1083894

TR EN

Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar

Abstract

Bu makale Ürdün Haşimi Krallığı’na (Ürdün) odaklanarak, farklı bir göç hikayesini, Filistinlilerin 1948 sonrasında Ürdün’e göçlerini, merkezine alıyor ve Ürdün devletinin ülke içerisindeki Filistinlilere yönelik geliştirdiği çeşitli yasal statülere odaklanıyor. Bu yasal kategoriler, Filistinliler için farklı haklar, özgürlükler ve sınırlamalar getiriyor. Yeşil, mavi, sarı kart sahipleri, vatandaşlar, mülteciler bu kategorilerden bazıları olarak karşımıza çıkıyor. Biz bu makalede bu statüler arasındaki farkları inceleyerek, göçle ilişkili gelişen mülteci- lik, vatandaşlığa geçiş, hak sınırlamaları ve/ya ayrımcılık kavramlarının Ürdün’deki görünürlüğünü inceliyor ve içerdikleri anlamları tartışıyoruz.

Keywords

Ürdün, Filistinliler, Vatandaşlık, Mültecilik, Zorunlu göç

References

Achilli, Luigi. “Disengagement From Politics: Nationalism, Political Identity, and the Everyday in a Palestinian Refugee Camp in Jordan”, Critique of Anthropology 34, no.2 (2014): 234-257.
Al Sharif, Osama. “Jordan Moves to Improve Lives of Gazan Refugees”, Al-Monitor, 11 Aralık, 2018. https://www.al-moni- tor.com/pulse/originals/2018/12/jordan-gaza-refugees-palestinian-settle- ment.html
Al Sharif, Osama. “Jordan’s Days of Rage Force PM To Resign”, Al-Monitor, 5 Haziran, 2018.
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2018/06/jordan-protests-tax-hikes- prime-minister-government.html
Barari, Hassan A. “Four Decades after Black September: A Jordanian Perspective”, Civil Wars 10, no.3 (2008): 231-243.
Chatelard, Géraldine. “Jordan: A Refugee Haven”, Migration Policy Institute Online Journal, 31 Ağustos, 2010.
https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/jordan-refugee-haven
El Abed, Oroub. “Immobile Palestinians: Ongoing Plight of Gazans in Jordan.” Forced Migration Review 26, (Ağustos 2006): 17-18.
Fallah, Belal, Caroline Krafft ve Jackline Wahba “The Impact of Refugees on Employment and Wages in Jordan”, Journal of Development Economics 139 (Haziran 2019): 203.
Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena. “Introduction: Recentering the South in Studies of Migration”, Migration and Society: Advances in Research 3, no.1 (2020):1–18

Gandalfo, K. Luisa. “The Political and Social Identities of the Palestinian Christian Community in Jordan”, Middle East Journal 62, no.3 (2008): 437-455.
Halabi, Usama. “The Legal Status of Palestinians in Jerusalem”, Pal- estine – Israel Journal of Politics, Economics and Culture 4, no.1 (1997): 54-64.
Hart, Jason. “What Future for Young Palestinians in Jordan?”, Forced Migration Review 26, (Eylül 2006): 51.
Hejoj, Ibrahim. “A Profile of Poverty for Palestinian Refugees in Jordan: the Case of Zarqa and Sukhneh Camps”, Journal of Refugee Studies 20, no.1 (2007): 120-145.
Işın, Engin. “Citizenship in flux: The figure of the activist citizen”, Subjectivity 29, no.1 (2009): 367–388
Jamjoum, Hazem. “Palestinian Refugees in Jordan and the Revocation of Citizenship: An Interview with Anis F. Kassim”, Jadaliyya, 28 Ocak 2013. http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/9827/palestinian-refugees-in-jor- dan-and-the-revocation-
Joseph, Nevo. “Changing Identities in Jordan”, Israel Affairs, 9, no.3 (2003): 187-208;
King, Russel. “Towards a New Map of European Migration”, International Journal of Population Geography 8 (2002): 89-106.
Köprülü, Nur. “Arabizimden Teritoryal Kimliğe Geçiş: 1989 Sonrası Ürdün’de Kimlik Politikaları ve Demokratikleş(eme)me Çabaları”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi 41 (Ekim, 2009): 195-214.
Köprülü, Nur. “Monarchical Pluralism or De-democratization: Actors and Choices in Jordan”, Insight Turkey 14, no.1 (2012):71-92
Laub, Karin. “Jordan Election Seen as Small Step Toward Democratic Reform”, The Times of Israel, 19 Eylül 2016. https://www.timesofisrael.com/jordan-election-seen-as-small-step-toward- democratic-reform/
Le Troquer, Yann ve Rozenn Hommery al-Oudat. “From Kuwait to Jordan: The Palestinians’ Third Exodus”, Journal of Palestine Stud- ies 28, no. 3 (1999): 37-51.
Lindsay, James G. “Fixing UNRWA: Repairing the UN’s Troubled System of Aid to Palestinian Refugees”, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 26 Haziran, 2009.
https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/fixing-unrwa-repair- ing-uns-troubled-system-aid-palestinian-refugees.
Magid, Aaron. “Jordan’s Elections: Voting in a Weak Parliament”, Middle East Institute, 28 Eylül 2016. http://www.mei.edu/content/ar- ticle/jordan-s-elections-voting-weak-parliament
Migration Policy Centre. “Migration Facts Jordan”, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018. http://www.migrationpolicycentre.eu/docs/fact_sheets/Fact- sheet%20Jordan.pdf.
Nyers, Peter. “Introduction: Why Citizenship Studies.” Citizenship Studies 11, no.1 (2007): 1-4.
Pérez, Michael Vicente. “Human Rights and The Rightless: The Case of Gaza Refugees in Jordan”, The International Journal of Human Rights 15, no.7 (2011): 1031–1054.
Ramahi, Sawsan. “Palestinians and Jordanian Citizenship”, Middle East Monitor, 9 Aralık 2015. https://www.middleeastmoni- tor.com/20151209-palestinians-and-jordanian-citizenship/
Rosen, Steven J. “Kuwait Expels Thousands of Palestinians”, Middle East Quarterly 19, no. 4 (2012): 75-83.
Ryan, Curtis. “Identity Politics, Reform, and Protest in Jordan”, Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 11, no.3 (2011): 564-578
Ryan, Curtis. “Why Jordanians are Protesting”, The Washington Post, 4 Haziran 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey- cage/wp/2018/06/04/why-jordanians-are-protesting/
Ryan, Curtis. “Reform Retreats Amid Jordan’s Political Storms”, MERIP, 10 Haziran 2005. https://merip.org/2005/06/reform-retreats-amid-jordans-political-storms/
Sayigh, Yezid. “Jordanian Foreign Policy”, PASSIA, Nisan 1997.
http://passia.org/media/filer_public/b2/17/b217c24b-7781-4b27-887f-cc7424d000ee/foreign_policies_of_arab_states.pdf
Simadi Fayez A. ve Nahar, Ghazi S. “Refugees in Jordan: sociological perspective”, Social Responsibility Journal 5, no.2 (2009): 257- 264.
Smith, Roger M. “Modern Citizenship”, içinde Handbook of Citizenship Studies, derleyen Engin F. Işın ve Bryan S. Turner, 105-116. Londra: Sage Publications, 2002.
Toameh, Khaled Abu. “Amman Revoking Palestinians’ citizenship”, Jerusalem Post, 20 Temmuz 2009. http://www.jpost.com/Middle- East/Amman-revoking-Palestinians-citizenship.
Yitzhak, Ronen. “The Assassination of King Abdallah: The First Po- Political Assassination in Jordan: Did it Truly Threaten the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan?”, Diplomacy & Statecraft 21, no.1 (2010): 68- 86
Zahran, Mudar. “Jordan Is Palestinian”, Middle East Quarterly 19, no.1 (2012):3-12
“Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees”, UNHCR, Son erişim: 24 Ocak 2022. https://www.un- hcr.org/3b66c2aa10.
“Facts and Figures”, UNHCR, Son erişim: 1 Haziran 2022. https://data.un- hcr.org/en/situations/syria/location/36#_ga=2.77483415.3602951.1654081098- 1150133119.1654081098.
“Frequently Asked Questions”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 17 Ocak 2022. https://www.unrwa.org/who-we-are/frequently-asked-questions.
“Gov’t Adopts New Resolutions for Gazans with Temporary Passports”, Jordan Times, 4 Aralık 2018, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018. http://jordantimes.com/news/local/govt-adopts-new-resolutions- gazans-temporary-passports.
“Jordan: Disengagement Regulations for the Year 1988”, UNHCR, Son erişim: 1 Mayıs 2020. https://www.refworld.org/do- cid/43cd04b94.html.
“Jordan Protests: What You Should Know”, Aljazeera, 4 Haziran 2018, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/06/jordan-protests- 180604052840527.html.
“Jordanian Annexation of West Bank-Resolution Adopted by the House of Deputies”, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018. http://goo.gl/aLDq6k
“Palestinian National Charter of 1964”, Palestinian Media Watch, 28 Mayıs 1964, Son erişim: 15 Aralık 2018. http://www.palwatch.org/main.aspx?fi=640&doc_id=8210.
“Protection in Jordan”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 20 Aralık 2018.
https://www.unrwa.org/activity/protection-jordan
“Refugee Review Tribunal, Australia, RRT Research Response, JOR35401”, US Department of Justice, Son erişim: 3 Haziran 2022. https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/leg- acy/2013/12/04/JOR35401-Palestinians-West%20Bank.pdf.
“Stateless Again”, Human Rights Watch, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018.
https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/02/01/stateless-again/palestinian-origin-jordanians-deprived-their-nationality.
“Syria Regional Crisis: Emergency Appeal 2019”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 1 Mayıs 2020. https://www.unrwa.org/sites/default/files/con- tent/resources/2019_syria_ea_final.pdf.
“The People of Jordan”, The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Son erişim: 24 Ocak 2022. http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/people1.html.
“The United Nations and Palestinian Refugees”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 23 Aralık 2018. https://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011791015.pdf.
“United Nations, Population Division, World Population Prospects”, UN, Son erişim: 24 Ocak 2022. https://popula- tion.un.org/wpp/Graphs/Probabilistic/POP/TOT/.
“Where We Work”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 24 Ocak 2022. https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan.
“Who We Are”, UNRWA, Son erişim: 11 Aralık 2018. https://www.unrwa.org/who-we-are.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Regional Studies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Kıvanç Özcan
0000-0001-9054-2302
Türkiye

Nazlı Şenses ^*
0000-0002-3473-7604
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 6, 2023

Submission Date

March 7, 2022

Acceptance Date

July 21, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 9 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1083894

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA62KY52CU

APA

Özcan, K., & Şenses, N. (2023). Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar. Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 15-56. https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1083894

AMA

1.Özcan K, Şenses N. Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar. TJMES. 2023;9(2):15-56. doi:10.26513/tocd.1083894

Chicago

Özcan, Kıvanç, and Nazlı Şenses. 2023. “Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler Ve Haklar”. Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi 9 (2): 15-56. https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1083894.

EndNote

Özcan K, Şenses N (January 1, 2023) Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar. Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi 9 2 15–56.

IEEE

[1]K. Özcan and N. Şenses, “Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar”, TJMES, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 15–56, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.26513/tocd.1083894.

ISNAD

Özcan, Kıvanç - Şenses, Nazlı. “Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler Ve Haklar”. Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi 9/2 (January 1, 2023): 15-56. https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1083894.

JAMA

1.Özcan K, Şenses N. Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar. TJMES. 2023;9:15–56.

MLA

Özcan, Kıvanç, and Nazlı Şenses. “Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler Ve Haklar”. Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, Jan. 2023, pp. 15-56, doi:10.26513/tocd.1083894.

Vancouver

1.Kıvanç Özcan, Nazlı Şenses. Ürdün’deki Filistinliler: Göçler, Statüler ve Haklar. TJMES. 2023 Jan. 1;9(2):15-56. doi:10.26513/tocd.1083894