Research Article
Year 2017,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 102 - 129, 30.06.2017
Abstract
This study attempts to reveal the role of
natural gas factor in Russian-Turkish-Israeli relations in energy sphere. In
this context, the study deals with bilateral agreements in natural gas sector,
existed gas pipeline routes and international projects on development of natural
gas fields, its production and further transportation. In order to display the interdependence
of energy policies of the three states the study ends up with Russia-Turkey-Israel
“Energy triangle”.
Keywords
References
- Ariel Cohen, Russia: The Flawed Energy Superpower, “Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century” edited by Gal Luft and Anne Korin, Greenwood Publishing Group, August 2009.
- Aybars Görgülü, Sabiha Senyücel Gündoğar, “Energy Relations between Turkey and Israel”, “Middle East and North Africa Regional Architecture: Mapping Geopolitical Shifts, regional Order and Domestic Transformations”, No. 3, November 2016.
- Ilya Bourtman, “Putin and Russia’s Middle Eastern Policy”, The Middle East Review of International Affairs, Volume 10, No. 2, June 2006. Robert O. Freedman, “The Russian Invasion of Georgia – Its Impact on Israel and the Middle East”, Autumn 2008.
- “Russia”, International Energy Statistics. Accessed on November 23, 2016. https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/country.cfm?iso=RUS
- “The Natural Gas Sector in Israel”, Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources of the Israel. Accessed on September 10, 2016. http://energy.gov.il/English/Subjects/Natural%20Gas/Pages/GxmsMniNGEconomy.aspx
- Doğal Gaz Piyasası Sektör Raporu, Enerji Piyasasi Düzenleme Kurumu, Doğal Gaz Piyasası Dairesi Başkanlığı: Ankara, 2013. Accessed on December 15, 2016. http://www.enerji.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2F1%2FDocuments%2FSayfalar%2F2012+Do%C4%9Falgaz+Piyasas%C4%B1+Sekt%C3%B6r+Raporu+(EPDK).pdf
- Ham Petrol Doğal Gaz Sektör Raporu, Türkiye Petrolleri Strateji Geliştirme Daire Başkanlığı, May 2016. Accessed on December 15, 2016. http://www.enerji.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2F1%2FDocuments%2FSekt%C3%B6r%20Raporu%2FTP_HAM_PETROL-DOGAL_GAZ_SEKTOR_RAPORU__2015.pdf
- Israel Overview, International Energy Statistics. Accessed on July 19, 2015. https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.cfm?iso=ISR
- Ophir Gore, “Current Status of Oil and Gas Exploration and Production in Israel”, Ministry of Economy of Israel. Accessed on April 20, 2016. http://www.assolombarda.it/servizi/internazionalizzazione/documenti/presentazione-di-o.-gore
- F. William Engdahl, “Syria, Turkey, Israel and a Greater Middle East Energy War”, Voltaire Network. Accessed on January 25, 2017. http://www.voltairenet.org/article176200.html#nb16
- Jay Bushinsky, “Turkey, Israel to build Mediterranean pipeline / 4 legs would carry crude oil, electricity, natural gas and water”. Accessed on June 20, 2016. http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Turkey-Israel-to-build-Mediterranean-pipeline-2498862.php
- Michel Chossudovsky, “The Militarization of the Eastern Mediterranean: Israel’s Stake in the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline”, Global Research. Accessed on June 20, 2016. http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-militarisation-of-the-eastern-mediterranean-israel-s-stake-in-the-baku-tbilisi-ceyhan-pipeline/2508
- Murat Basboga, “Turkey, Israel To Discuss Pipeline: Steineitz”. Accessed on October 16, 2016. http://www.naturalgasworld.com/turkey-israel-examine-possibility-of-a-gas-pipeline-will-start-talks-steineitz-32130
- Robert Booth, “Israeli attack on Gaza flotilla sparks international outrage”, the Guardian. Accessed on September 25, 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/31/israeli-attacks-gaza-flotilla-activists
- Tyler Durden, “Competing Gas Pipelines Are Fueling The Syrian War & Migrant Crisis”. Accessed on October 10, 2016. http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-09-10/competing-gas-pipelines-are-fueling-syrian-war-migrant-crisis
- “6 Must Reads on the Israel-Turkey Reconciliation Agreement”, Haaretz. Accessed on July 2, 2016. http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.727500”
- “Erdoğan: Türkiye ve İsrail'in birbirine ihtiyacı var”, Posta. Accessed on February 3, 2016. http://www.posta.com.tr/erdogan-turkiye-ve-israilin-birbirine-ihtiyaci-var-haberi-320014
- “Gazprom Marketing and Trading Switzerland AG signs Heads of Agreement with Tamar upstream consortium”. Accessed on July 25, 2015. http://www.gazprom-mt.com/ WhatWeSay/News/Pages/GMT-Switzerland-signs-Heads-of-Agreements-with-Tamar-upstream-consortium.aspx
- “Israel's Leviathan gas reserves estimate raised by 16 pct”, Reuters. Accessed on July 20, 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/israel-natgas-leviathan-idUSL6N0PO08Q20140713
- “Joint news conference with President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan”. Accessed on Mart 15, 2017. http://en.kremlin.ru/catalog/persons/122/events/54023
- “New gas pipeline towards Turkey”, Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on September 28, 2016. http://www.gazprom.com/press/news/2014/december/article208505/
- “The European Parliament approved the extension of sanctions against Russia”. Accessed on September 20, 2014. https://www.politforums.net/eng/ukraine/1411044861_0.html
- “The General Director of Restrictive Trade Practices Declares the Partners in the Natural Gas Reservoir “Tamar” to have a Monopoly on Israel's Natural Gas Supply”, Antitrust Authority of Israel. Accessed on August 13, 2016. http://www.antitrust.gov.il/files/32858/Natural%20gas.pdf
- “Turkey”, Gazprom Company official website. Accessed on March 13, 2016. http://www.gazprom.com/about/production/projects/deposits/turkey/
- “Turkey”, Gazprom Export Company official website. Accessed on March 13, 2016. http://www.gazpromexport.com/partners/turkey/
- “TurkStream”, Gazprom Export Company official website. Accessed on March 10, 2017. http://www.gazpromexport.ru/en/projects/6/
- “Об итогах визита делегации ОАО «Газпром» в Израиль” (“About results of the visit of the Gazprom delegation to Israel”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2004/june/article54928/
- “Об итогах визита делегации ОАО «Газпром» в Израиль” (About results of the visit of the Gazprom delegation to Israel”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2006/march/article55645/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Биньямина Бен Элиезера” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Binyamin Ben-Eliezer”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2007/february/article56054/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Биньямина Бен Элиэзера” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Binyamin Ben-Eliezer”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2008/june/article56600/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Эхуда Ольмерта” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Ehud Olmert”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2005/june/article55319/ “Политические разногласия РФ и Турции” (“Political disputes between Russia and Turkey”), TASS. Accessed on July 30, 2016. http://tass.ru/info/2471957
- “Российско-израильские торгово-экономические отношения” (“Russian-Israeli economic and trade relations”), Russia-Israel Business Council. Accessed on September 25, 2016. http://rus-israel.ru/analytics/news122
- “Российско-турецкие экономические отношения” (“Russian-Turkish economic relations”), TASS. Accessed on July 30, 2016. http://tass.ru/info/2468527
- “Совместная пресс-конференция с Президентом Турции Реджепом Тайипом Эрдоганом” (Joint news conference with the President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan). Accessed on December 2, 2014. http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/47126
Year 2017,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 102 - 129, 30.06.2017
Abstract
Bu çalışma, enerji alanındaki Rusya-Türkiye-İsrail ilişkilerinde doğal gaz faktörünün rolünü analiz etmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışma, doğal gaz sektöründe, belirtilen ülkeler arasında yapılan anlaşmaları, varolan doğal gaz boru hatları ve doğal gaz alanlarının geliştirilmesi, üretimi ve nakliyesi konuları üzerine hazırlanan uluslararası projeleri ele alıyor. Üç ülkenin enerji politikalarının karşılıklı bağımlılığını göstermek için bu çalışma, Rusya-Türkiye-İsrail "Enerji Üçgeni" ile sonuçlanıyor.
References
- Ariel Cohen, Russia: The Flawed Energy Superpower, “Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century” edited by Gal Luft and Anne Korin, Greenwood Publishing Group, August 2009.
- Aybars Görgülü, Sabiha Senyücel Gündoğar, “Energy Relations between Turkey and Israel”, “Middle East and North Africa Regional Architecture: Mapping Geopolitical Shifts, regional Order and Domestic Transformations”, No. 3, November 2016.
- Ilya Bourtman, “Putin and Russia’s Middle Eastern Policy”, The Middle East Review of International Affairs, Volume 10, No. 2, June 2006. Robert O. Freedman, “The Russian Invasion of Georgia – Its Impact on Israel and the Middle East”, Autumn 2008.
- “Russia”, International Energy Statistics. Accessed on November 23, 2016. https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/country.cfm?iso=RUS
- “The Natural Gas Sector in Israel”, Ministry of National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources of the Israel. Accessed on September 10, 2016. http://energy.gov.il/English/Subjects/Natural%20Gas/Pages/GxmsMniNGEconomy.aspx
- Doğal Gaz Piyasası Sektör Raporu, Enerji Piyasasi Düzenleme Kurumu, Doğal Gaz Piyasası Dairesi Başkanlığı: Ankara, 2013. Accessed on December 15, 2016. http://www.enerji.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2F1%2FDocuments%2FSayfalar%2F2012+Do%C4%9Falgaz+Piyasas%C4%B1+Sekt%C3%B6r+Raporu+(EPDK).pdf
- Ham Petrol Doğal Gaz Sektör Raporu, Türkiye Petrolleri Strateji Geliştirme Daire Başkanlığı, May 2016. Accessed on December 15, 2016. http://www.enerji.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2F1%2FDocuments%2FSekt%C3%B6r%20Raporu%2FTP_HAM_PETROL-DOGAL_GAZ_SEKTOR_RAPORU__2015.pdf
- Israel Overview, International Energy Statistics. Accessed on July 19, 2015. https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.cfm?iso=ISR
- Ophir Gore, “Current Status of Oil and Gas Exploration and Production in Israel”, Ministry of Economy of Israel. Accessed on April 20, 2016. http://www.assolombarda.it/servizi/internazionalizzazione/documenti/presentazione-di-o.-gore
- F. William Engdahl, “Syria, Turkey, Israel and a Greater Middle East Energy War”, Voltaire Network. Accessed on January 25, 2017. http://www.voltairenet.org/article176200.html#nb16
- Jay Bushinsky, “Turkey, Israel to build Mediterranean pipeline / 4 legs would carry crude oil, electricity, natural gas and water”. Accessed on June 20, 2016. http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Turkey-Israel-to-build-Mediterranean-pipeline-2498862.php
- Michel Chossudovsky, “The Militarization of the Eastern Mediterranean: Israel’s Stake in the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline”, Global Research. Accessed on June 20, 2016. http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-militarisation-of-the-eastern-mediterranean-israel-s-stake-in-the-baku-tbilisi-ceyhan-pipeline/2508
- Murat Basboga, “Turkey, Israel To Discuss Pipeline: Steineitz”. Accessed on October 16, 2016. http://www.naturalgasworld.com/turkey-israel-examine-possibility-of-a-gas-pipeline-will-start-talks-steineitz-32130
- Robert Booth, “Israeli attack on Gaza flotilla sparks international outrage”, the Guardian. Accessed on September 25, 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/may/31/israeli-attacks-gaza-flotilla-activists
- Tyler Durden, “Competing Gas Pipelines Are Fueling The Syrian War & Migrant Crisis”. Accessed on October 10, 2016. http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-09-10/competing-gas-pipelines-are-fueling-syrian-war-migrant-crisis
- “6 Must Reads on the Israel-Turkey Reconciliation Agreement”, Haaretz. Accessed on July 2, 2016. http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.727500”
- “Erdoğan: Türkiye ve İsrail'in birbirine ihtiyacı var”, Posta. Accessed on February 3, 2016. http://www.posta.com.tr/erdogan-turkiye-ve-israilin-birbirine-ihtiyaci-var-haberi-320014
- “Gazprom Marketing and Trading Switzerland AG signs Heads of Agreement with Tamar upstream consortium”. Accessed on July 25, 2015. http://www.gazprom-mt.com/ WhatWeSay/News/Pages/GMT-Switzerland-signs-Heads-of-Agreements-with-Tamar-upstream-consortium.aspx
- “Israel's Leviathan gas reserves estimate raised by 16 pct”, Reuters. Accessed on July 20, 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/israel-natgas-leviathan-idUSL6N0PO08Q20140713
- “Joint news conference with President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan”. Accessed on Mart 15, 2017. http://en.kremlin.ru/catalog/persons/122/events/54023
- “New gas pipeline towards Turkey”, Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on September 28, 2016. http://www.gazprom.com/press/news/2014/december/article208505/
- “The European Parliament approved the extension of sanctions against Russia”. Accessed on September 20, 2014. https://www.politforums.net/eng/ukraine/1411044861_0.html
- “The General Director of Restrictive Trade Practices Declares the Partners in the Natural Gas Reservoir “Tamar” to have a Monopoly on Israel's Natural Gas Supply”, Antitrust Authority of Israel. Accessed on August 13, 2016. http://www.antitrust.gov.il/files/32858/Natural%20gas.pdf
- “Turkey”, Gazprom Company official website. Accessed on March 13, 2016. http://www.gazprom.com/about/production/projects/deposits/turkey/
- “Turkey”, Gazprom Export Company official website. Accessed on March 13, 2016. http://www.gazpromexport.com/partners/turkey/
- “TurkStream”, Gazprom Export Company official website. Accessed on March 10, 2017. http://www.gazpromexport.ru/en/projects/6/
- “Об итогах визита делегации ОАО «Газпром» в Израиль” (“About results of the visit of the Gazprom delegation to Israel”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2004/june/article54928/
- “Об итогах визита делегации ОАО «Газпром» в Израиль” (About results of the visit of the Gazprom delegation to Israel”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2006/march/article55645/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Биньямина Бен Элиезера” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Binyamin Ben-Eliezer”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2007/february/article56054/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Биньямина Бен Элиэзера” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Binyamin Ben-Eliezer”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2008/june/article56600/
- “Об итогах рабочей встречи Алексея Миллера и Эхуда Ольмерта” (About results of the meeting between Alexey Miller and Ehud Olmert”), Gazprom Press Center. Accessed on October 5, 2016. http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2005/june/article55319/ “Политические разногласия РФ и Турции” (“Political disputes between Russia and Turkey”), TASS. Accessed on July 30, 2016. http://tass.ru/info/2471957
- “Российско-израильские торгово-экономические отношения” (“Russian-Israeli economic and trade relations”), Russia-Israel Business Council. Accessed on September 25, 2016. http://rus-israel.ru/analytics/news122
- “Российско-турецкие экономические отношения” (“Russian-Turkish economic relations”), TASS. Accessed on July 30, 2016. http://tass.ru/info/2468527
- “Совместная пресс-конференция с Президентом Турции Реджепом Тайипом Эрдоганом” (Joint news conference with the President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan). Accessed on December 2, 2014. http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/47126
There are 34 citations in total.
Details
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | June 17, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
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