BİR KATILIM ARACI OLARAK KENTSEL TASARIM: MEDELLİN MUCİZESİ

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 19 - 36, 01.01.2018

Evrim Töre Öznur Çağlayan

https://doi.org/10.7456/10801100/003

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Karar alma süreçlerinde katılım olgusu gelişmiş ülkelerin yanı sıra
gelişmekte olan coğrafyalarda da tartışılmaktadır. Katılımın kimin için ve
nasıl sağlanabileceğine dair tartışmalarda, toplulukların güçlendirilmesinin
önemine dikkat çekilmektedir. Bu makalede ele alınan örnek ise bir Latin
Amerika ülkesi olan Kolombiya’da yer alan Medellin kentidir. 1940’ların
sonlarından itibaren süregelen şiddet dalgası, Medellin’de ekonomik sorunlarla
birleşerek adeta bir sorun sarmalı yaratmıştır. Bu sarmalın çözümü 1990’lardan
itibaren hayata geçirilen sosyal şehircilik politikaları ve buna bağlı kentsel
entegrasyon projeleri bağlamında gerçekleşmiştir. Söz konusu politikaların
nasıl hayata geçirilebileceği ise, üç bileşenli ve beş aşamalı bir kurguyu
ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu makalede, üst çerçeveyi tanımlayan kısa bir aktarımın
ardından, tespit edilen sorunlu alanlar arasında ilk sırada yer alan Kuzeydoğu
Komünü’nde uygulanan Kentsel Entegrasyon Projesi (KEP), tüm aşamalar ve
bileşenler bağlamında detaylı olarak açılmaktadır. Teşhis, planlama, tasarım,
uygulama ve aktivasyon fazlarının her birinde; fizik mekâna, katılıma ve
koordinasyona ilişkin doneler net bir şekilde okunabilmektedir. Söz konusu
okuma, tasarımın amaç değil, katılımı sağlamak, toplulukları güçlendirmek için
kullanılan bir araç olduğu değerli bir örnek sunmaktadır.    

Keywords

Medellin, kentsel tasarım, kentsel entegrasyon projesi, katılım

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