BibTex RIS Cite

Turkish Mentors' Perception of Roles, Competencies and Resources for Online Teaching

Year 2005, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 58 - 80, 01.09.2005

Abstract

Developments in computer-mediated communications are not only providing new opportunities for educators but also changing roles and competencies in learning and teaching environments. Experts agree that teaching online requires different roles and competencies. The literature includes several studies on roles and competencies for online teaching. However, as Le Boterf underlines, roles and competencies largely depend on context. This survey study intends to identify roles, competencies and resources for online teaching in Turkey by asking online mentors of Anadolu University what they think about the roles they should perform and the competencies and resources they should possess in order to teach online successfully. Results have shown that the participant Turkish online mentors agree on the significance of the assessor, the content expert and process facilitator roles; on the other hand, they indicate lower level of necessity for the material producer and the administrator roles. Results have also revealed lack of design competencies among online mentors. Overall, the study has supported Le Boterf’s claim about importance of context on identification of roles and competencies.

References

  • Alkan, C., et al (1997). Açıköğretim Lisesi uygulamasının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the Open Lycee] Ankara: MEB.
  • Anderson, T. D., et al (2001). Assessing teaching presence in a computer conferencing context. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5(2). Retreived March 12, 2004 from http://www.aln.org/publications/ jaln/v5n2/v5n2_anderson.asp
  • Angeli, C. et al (2003). Communication in a web-based conferencing system: the quality of computer-mediated interactions British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(1), 31
  • Ataizi, M. & Caliskan, H. (2003). Evaluating online students: Online mentors’ perceptions.
  • Unpublished raw data, Anadolu University of Eskisehir, Turkey. Aydin, C. H. (2001). Uses of the Internet in Turkey. Educational Technology Research & Development, 49(4), 120-123.
  • Aydin, C. H. & McIsaac, M.S. (2004). Impact of instructional technology in Turkey.
  • Educational Technology Research & Development, 54(1), 105-112. Aydin, C. H & Tasci, D. (in press). Measuring Readiness for e-Learning: Reflections from an Emerging Country. Journal of Educational Technology & Society. Berge, Z.L. (1995). Facilitating computer conferencing: Recommendations from the field.
  • Educational Technology, 15(1), 22-30. Collison, G. et al. (2000). Facilitating online learning: Effective strategies for moderators. Madison, WI: Atwood.
  • Cyrus, T. (1997). Competence in teaching at a distance. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 71, 15-18.
  • Daniel, J. (1996). Mega universities and knowledge media: Technology strategies for higher education. London: Kogan Page.
  • Demiray, U. (1993). Açıköğretim Fakültesi yetişkin-yaşlı mezunları [Adult graduates of the Open Education Faculty]. Eskisehir, Turkey: Anadolu University.
  • DeVellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd Ed.) Applied
  • Social Research Methods Series 26. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Goodyear, P., et al. (2001). Competences for online teaching. Educational Technology
  • Research & Development, 49(1), 65-72. Gunawardena, C.N. & Zittle, F. (1997). Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer mediated conferencing environment. The American Journal of
  • Distance Education, 11(3), 8-25. Gunawardena, C. N. et al. (2001) A cross-cultural study of group process and development in online conferences Distance Education, 22(1), 85-121.
  • Gunawardena, C. N. et al. (2003). Culture and online education. In Moore, M.G. &
  • Anderson, W.G. (eds) Handbook of distance education (753-776). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Hedberg, J.G. & Brown, I. (2001). Understanding cross-cultural meaning through visual media. Education Media International, 39(1), 23-30.
  • Jelfs, A. & Whitelock, D. (2000). The notion of presence in virtual learning environments: what makes the environment “real”. British Journal of Educational Technology, 31(2), 152.
  • Kavrakoglu, I. (March 2002). Türkiye'de e-learning [e-Learning in Turkey], Globus.
  • Kearsely, G. (2000) Online education: Learning and teaching in cyberspace. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Ku, H-Y. & Lohr, L.L. (2003). A case study of Chinese students’ attitudes toward their first online learning experience. Educational Technology Research & Development, 51(3), 95
  • Le Boterf, G. (1994) De la competence, essai sur un attracteur etrange Les editions d’organisation, Paris.
  • Lim, C. P. & Cheah, P.L. (2003). The role of the tutor in asynchronous discussion boards:
  • A case study of a pre-service teacher course. Education Media International, 40(1-2), 33- Maor, D. (2003). The teacher’s role in developing interaction and reflection in an online learning community. Education Media International, 40(1-2), 127-137.
  • McIsaac, M. S. (2002). The Internet, culture and community building. In Murphy, D. et al
  • (ed.) Advancing Online Learning in Asia (16-25). The Open University of Hong Kong. Moore, M. G. & Kearsely, G. (1996). Distance education: a systems view. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Moore, G. S. et al. (2001). You can teach online The McGraw Hill guide to building creative learning environments. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Ozkul, A. E. (2004). Acik ve uzaktan egitimin neresindeyiz? [Where are we in Open and Distance Education?] A paper presented at the Workshop on Distance Education, April , 2004, University of Mersin, Turkey.
  • Ozkul, A.E. et al. (2003). Diffusion of technology among university professors.
  • Unpublished raw data, Anadolu University of Eskisehir, Turkey. Palloff, R. & Pratt, K. (2003). The virtual student: A profile and guide to working with online learners. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Paulsen, M. P. (1995). Moderating educational computer conferences. In Berge, Z.L. &
  • Collins, M.P. (eds.) Computer-mediated communication and the on-line classroom in distance education. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton. Prestera, G. E. & Moller, L.A. (2001). Facilitating asynchronous distance learning:
  • Exploiting opportunities for knowledge building in asynchronous distance learning environments. A paper presented in the Annual Mid-South Instructional Technology Conference April 8-10, 2001, Murfreesboro, TN.
  • Rudestam, K. E. & Schoenholtz-Read, J. (2002). Overview: The coming of age of adult online education. In Rudestam, K.E. & Schoenholtz-Read, L. (eds.). Handbook of online learning: Innovations in higher education and corporate training (3-28). London: Sage.
  • Sabry, K. & Baldwin, L. (2003). Web-based learning interaction and learning styles.
  • British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(4), 443-454. Salmon, G. (2000). E-moderating: The key to teaching and learning online. London: Kogan Page.
  • Smith, G. G., et al. (2002). Teaching over the web versus in the classroom: Differences in the instructor experience. International Journal of Instructional Media, 29(1), 61-67.
  • Spector, J.M., & de la Teja, I. (2001). Competencies for online teaching. Retreived 15
  • March 2004 from http://ericit.org/digests/EDO-IR-2001-09.shtml
  • Telepati (April 2003). Turkiye’nin gelecegi e-egitimde [the future of Turkey is in e- education], Telepati 91, retrieved September 10, 2003 from http://www.telepati.com/ nisan03/konu23.htm.
  • Thatch, E. & Murphy, K. (1995). Competencies for distance education professionals.
  • Educational Technology Research & Development, 43(1), 57-79. Tu, C.H. & McIsaac, M. (2002). The relationship of social presence and interaction in online classes. The American Journal of Distance Education, 16(3), 131-150.
  • Van den Branden, J. & Lambert, J. (1999). Cultural issues related to transnational open and distance learning in universities: a European Problem? British Journal of Technology, (3), 251-260
  • Williams, P. E. (2003). Roles and competencies for distance education programs in higher education institutions. The American Journal of Distance Education, 17(1), 45-57.
  • Wolfe, C. R. (2000). Learning and teaching on the web. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Year 2005, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 58 - 80, 01.09.2005

Abstract

References

  • Alkan, C., et al (1997). Açıköğretim Lisesi uygulamasının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the Open Lycee] Ankara: MEB.
  • Anderson, T. D., et al (2001). Assessing teaching presence in a computer conferencing context. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5(2). Retreived March 12, 2004 from http://www.aln.org/publications/ jaln/v5n2/v5n2_anderson.asp
  • Angeli, C. et al (2003). Communication in a web-based conferencing system: the quality of computer-mediated interactions British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(1), 31
  • Ataizi, M. & Caliskan, H. (2003). Evaluating online students: Online mentors’ perceptions.
  • Unpublished raw data, Anadolu University of Eskisehir, Turkey. Aydin, C. H. (2001). Uses of the Internet in Turkey. Educational Technology Research & Development, 49(4), 120-123.
  • Aydin, C. H. & McIsaac, M.S. (2004). Impact of instructional technology in Turkey.
  • Educational Technology Research & Development, 54(1), 105-112. Aydin, C. H & Tasci, D. (in press). Measuring Readiness for e-Learning: Reflections from an Emerging Country. Journal of Educational Technology & Society. Berge, Z.L. (1995). Facilitating computer conferencing: Recommendations from the field.
  • Educational Technology, 15(1), 22-30. Collison, G. et al. (2000). Facilitating online learning: Effective strategies for moderators. Madison, WI: Atwood.
  • Cyrus, T. (1997). Competence in teaching at a distance. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 71, 15-18.
  • Daniel, J. (1996). Mega universities and knowledge media: Technology strategies for higher education. London: Kogan Page.
  • Demiray, U. (1993). Açıköğretim Fakültesi yetişkin-yaşlı mezunları [Adult graduates of the Open Education Faculty]. Eskisehir, Turkey: Anadolu University.
  • DeVellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd Ed.) Applied
  • Social Research Methods Series 26. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Goodyear, P., et al. (2001). Competences for online teaching. Educational Technology
  • Research & Development, 49(1), 65-72. Gunawardena, C.N. & Zittle, F. (1997). Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer mediated conferencing environment. The American Journal of
  • Distance Education, 11(3), 8-25. Gunawardena, C. N. et al. (2001) A cross-cultural study of group process and development in online conferences Distance Education, 22(1), 85-121.
  • Gunawardena, C. N. et al. (2003). Culture and online education. In Moore, M.G. &
  • Anderson, W.G. (eds) Handbook of distance education (753-776). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Hedberg, J.G. & Brown, I. (2001). Understanding cross-cultural meaning through visual media. Education Media International, 39(1), 23-30.
  • Jelfs, A. & Whitelock, D. (2000). The notion of presence in virtual learning environments: what makes the environment “real”. British Journal of Educational Technology, 31(2), 152.
  • Kavrakoglu, I. (March 2002). Türkiye'de e-learning [e-Learning in Turkey], Globus.
  • Kearsely, G. (2000) Online education: Learning and teaching in cyberspace. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Ku, H-Y. & Lohr, L.L. (2003). A case study of Chinese students’ attitudes toward their first online learning experience. Educational Technology Research & Development, 51(3), 95
  • Le Boterf, G. (1994) De la competence, essai sur un attracteur etrange Les editions d’organisation, Paris.
  • Lim, C. P. & Cheah, P.L. (2003). The role of the tutor in asynchronous discussion boards:
  • A case study of a pre-service teacher course. Education Media International, 40(1-2), 33- Maor, D. (2003). The teacher’s role in developing interaction and reflection in an online learning community. Education Media International, 40(1-2), 127-137.
  • McIsaac, M. S. (2002). The Internet, culture and community building. In Murphy, D. et al
  • (ed.) Advancing Online Learning in Asia (16-25). The Open University of Hong Kong. Moore, M. G. & Kearsely, G. (1996). Distance education: a systems view. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Moore, G. S. et al. (2001). You can teach online The McGraw Hill guide to building creative learning environments. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Ozkul, A. E. (2004). Acik ve uzaktan egitimin neresindeyiz? [Where are we in Open and Distance Education?] A paper presented at the Workshop on Distance Education, April , 2004, University of Mersin, Turkey.
  • Ozkul, A.E. et al. (2003). Diffusion of technology among university professors.
  • Unpublished raw data, Anadolu University of Eskisehir, Turkey. Palloff, R. & Pratt, K. (2003). The virtual student: A profile and guide to working with online learners. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Paulsen, M. P. (1995). Moderating educational computer conferences. In Berge, Z.L. &
  • Collins, M.P. (eds.) Computer-mediated communication and the on-line classroom in distance education. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton. Prestera, G. E. & Moller, L.A. (2001). Facilitating asynchronous distance learning:
  • Exploiting opportunities for knowledge building in asynchronous distance learning environments. A paper presented in the Annual Mid-South Instructional Technology Conference April 8-10, 2001, Murfreesboro, TN.
  • Rudestam, K. E. & Schoenholtz-Read, J. (2002). Overview: The coming of age of adult online education. In Rudestam, K.E. & Schoenholtz-Read, L. (eds.). Handbook of online learning: Innovations in higher education and corporate training (3-28). London: Sage.
  • Sabry, K. & Baldwin, L. (2003). Web-based learning interaction and learning styles.
  • British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(4), 443-454. Salmon, G. (2000). E-moderating: The key to teaching and learning online. London: Kogan Page.
  • Smith, G. G., et al. (2002). Teaching over the web versus in the classroom: Differences in the instructor experience. International Journal of Instructional Media, 29(1), 61-67.
  • Spector, J.M., & de la Teja, I. (2001). Competencies for online teaching. Retreived 15
  • March 2004 from http://ericit.org/digests/EDO-IR-2001-09.shtml
  • Telepati (April 2003). Turkiye’nin gelecegi e-egitimde [the future of Turkey is in e- education], Telepati 91, retrieved September 10, 2003 from http://www.telepati.com/ nisan03/konu23.htm.
  • Thatch, E. & Murphy, K. (1995). Competencies for distance education professionals.
  • Educational Technology Research & Development, 43(1), 57-79. Tu, C.H. & McIsaac, M. (2002). The relationship of social presence and interaction in online classes. The American Journal of Distance Education, 16(3), 131-150.
  • Van den Branden, J. & Lambert, J. (1999). Cultural issues related to transnational open and distance learning in universities: a European Problem? British Journal of Technology, (3), 251-260
  • Williams, P. E. (2003). Roles and competencies for distance education programs in higher education institutions. The American Journal of Distance Education, 17(1), 45-57.
  • Wolfe, C. R. (2000). Learning and teaching on the web. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Cengiz Hakan Aydın This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2005
Submission Date February 27, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Aydın, C. H. (2005). Turkish Mentors’ Perception of Roles, Competencies and Resources for Online Teaching. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 6(3), 58-80.