Investigating the Current and Future Functions of Primary Schools Based on Primary School Teachers’ Opinions

Year 2016, , 396 - 421, 30.10.2016

Oktay Cem Adıgüzel , Onur Ergünay , Seray Tatlı Dalioğlu

https://doi.org/10.17569/tojqi.44571

Abstract

Serving
to seed decency in children’s manners in society, to help them adopt new habits
and to expand their social skills and emotional features, the functions of
primary schools are of great importance in building the society. Thus, the
purpose of this study is to describe the goals and functions of 21^st
century primary schools based on the opinions of primary schools teachers. The
study is conducted as part of an international research project. The research
is designed as a qualitative study in order to describe the functions of
primary schools from the perspectives of primary school teachers. In the study,
the data is collected through semi-structured interviews from 20 volunteer
primary school teachers working at different levels of primary schools located
in Eskisehir, Turkey. Criterion and convenience sampling which are both
categorized under purposeful sampling are used in determining the participants.
The data obtained from the interviews is analysed through content analysis and
the findings are presented under each research question. The findings of the
research reveal that participant teachers emphasize three functions of primary
schools as socialization, instruction and qualification. Nevertheless,
socialization is perceived as the primary function of the primary schools, and
functions of instruction and qualification follows it respectively. As for the
findings related to role of families, teachers care about the cooperating with
families especially in socialization issues.

Keywords

Primary education, functions of schools, socialization, instruction, qualification

İlkokulların Günümüz ve Gelecekteki İşlevlerinin Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerine Dayalı Olarak İncelenmesi

Abstract

Çocukların
topluma uyumuna hizmet etmeye, yeni davranışlar benimsemelerine, sosyal ve
duyuşsal becerilerini geliştirmeye yardımcı olan ilkokulların işlevleri,
toplumun oluşturulmasında büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, 21. yüzyıl
ilkokullarının amaç ve işlevlerinin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerine dayalı
olarak betimlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.  Çalışma,
uluslararası bir araştırma projesinin parçasıdır. İlkokulların işlevlerini
betimlemeye yönelik araştırmada nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Veriler
Eskişehir ilindeki ilkokullarda farklı sınıf düzeylerinde görev yapan 20
gönüllü sınıf öğretmeninden yarı yapılandırılmış bireysel görüşmeler yoluyla
elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların amaçlı katılımcı yöntemlerinden ölçüte dayalı
ve kolay ulaşılabilir durum yoluyla belirlenmiştir. Görüşmelerden elde edilen
veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiş ve bulgular araştırma
sorularına dayalı olarak sunulmuştur. Araştırma bulguları, katılımcıların
ilkokulların üç temel işlevini toplumsallaştırma, bilgi öğretimi ve yaşam
becerileri kazandırma olarak vurguladıklarını göstermiştir. Ancak çalışmada
elde edilen bulgular genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, öğretmenlerin öncelikli
olarak ilkokulların toplumsallaştırma işlevine odaklandıkları daha sonra
sırasıyla bilgi öğretimi ve yaşam becerileri kazandırma işlevlerini
vurguladıkları bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ailelerin rollerine ilişkin bulgular ise
öğretmenlerin özellikle toplumsallaştırma işlevi boyutunda ailelerle
işbirliğine önem verdiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

İlkokullar, ilkokulların işlevleri, toplumsallaştırma, bilgi öğretmen, yaşam becerileri kazandırma

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