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Examining the Effect of Walking Football on Balance Ability, Selected Physiological Parameters and Geriatric Anxiety in Women Aged 60 and Over

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 285 - 292, 30.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1643416

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an 8-week walking football program on balance ability, heart rate (HR), blood pressure and geriatric anxiety in women aged 60 and over. Thirty-two female volunteers, who were selected through convenience sampling and declared that they were healthy with a medical report, participated in the study. 16 of the participants were divided into control and 16 into experimental groups. In the research designed as a pre-post test experimental study, resting HR and blood pressure were measured for the pre-test, the "Geriatric Anxiety Scale" (GAS) was filled in, and the "Four Square Stepping Test" was applied for balance ability. At the end of the pre-test, a 55-minute work protocol consisting of warm-up, walking football, stretching and breathing exercises was applied twice a week for 8 weeks only to the experimental group, while no work was done with the control group. After the post-test measurement, it was determined that the data obtained were normally distributed and parametric tests were applied. According to the analysis results, a significant difference was found between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting pulse, balance and GAS test results of the experimental group (p<0.01). While a significant difference was observed between the pre-post test means of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements of the control group, no change was observed in other parameters. As a result of the post-test comparisons of the experimental and control groups, a significant difference was observed between the balance, resting pulse and GAS means, while there was no change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements. According to Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient analysis, a low level of correlation was found between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate. As a result, it can be said that walking football applied to women aged 60 and over has a positive effect on this age group in terms of physical, physiological and psychological aspects.

References

  • Andersson, H., Caspers, A., Godhe, M., Helge, T., Eriksen, J., Fransson, D., & Ekblom-Bak, E. (2023). Walking football for Health – physiological response to playing and characteristics of the players. Science and Medicine in Football, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2023.2249426
  • Ayna, Ç., & Gümüş, H (2021). 60 Yaş Üstü Bireylerin Yaşam Doyumu, Sağlık algısı ve boş zaman etkinliği tercihlerinin incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi / Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 32(1), 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.793415
  • Babayiğit İrez, G (2009). Pilates exercise positively affects balance, reaction time, muscle strength, number of falls and psychologicalparameters in 65+ years old women. Doctoral Thesis, Middle East Technical University Social Sciences Institute. Ankara
  • Baran Görgün, A (2011). Aile ve yaşlanma. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi Yayını.
  • Barbosa, A., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Seabra, A., & Mendes, R (2021). Effectiveness of a walking football program for middle-aged and older men with type 2 diabetes: protocol for a randomized controlled Trial JMIR Res Protoc;10(11):e28554 doi: 10.2196/28554
  • Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.P., Chastin, S., & Chou, R (2020). World health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 54(24):1451–1462. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
  • Claudino, J.G., Afonso, J., Sarvestan, J., Lanza, M.B., Pennone, J., Filho, C.A.C., Serrão, J.C., Espregueira-Mendes, J., Vasconcelos, A.L.V., Andrade, M.P., Rocha-Rodrigues, S., Andrade, R., & Ramirez-Campillo, R (2021). Strength Training to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Med. 20 ;10(14):3184. doi: 10.3390/jcm10143184. PMID: 34300350; PMCID: PMC8304136.
  • Costa, J. A., Coelho, C. A., Ferraz, A., Brito, J., Guilherme, J., Seabra, A., Travassos, B., Folgado, H., & Gonçalves, B. (2024). The Influence of including goalkeepers on the intensity demands of walking football practice. Sports, 12(12), 346. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12120346
  • Dite, W., & Temple, V. A. (2002). A clinical test of stepping and change of direction to identify multiple falling older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 83(11), 1566–1571. DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2002.35469
  • Duncan, M. J., Mowle, S., Noon, M., Eyre, E., Clarke, N. D., Hill, M., Tallis, J., & Julin, M. (2022). the effect of 12-weeks recreational football (soccer) for health ıntervention on functional movement in older adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13625. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013625
  • Egger, F., Ditscheid, A., Schwarz, M., & Meyer, T (2024). Physical demands of walking football in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases clinical. Journal of Sport Medicine. 34(5):s 462-468.| DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000001218
  • Erdoğan Yüce, Ü., & Saygın, Ö. (2023). The ınvestigation of the effect of 8-week walking football activity on life satisfaction and heart rate variability in elderly men. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 8(3), 630-640. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1271937
  • Erdoğan Yüce, Ü., & Saygın, Ö. (2024). Investigation of the ımpact of walking football on selected physical fitness parameters and geriatric depression in elderly male ındividuals. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(2), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1425967
  • Güler, U., Ateş, M., Yılmaz, S., & Akgül, E. (2020). Hipertansiyon ilacı kullanan sedanter bireylerde 24 haftalık egzersiz programının vücut kompozisyonu, maksimal oksijen kapasitesi ve seçili fizyolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkileri. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 4 (2), 203-214.
  • Güneş Gencer, G. Y., İpek, L., Kara, D. S., Uzun, F., & Çetin, S. Y. (2021). Türkiye’de yaşlılarda düşme ve denge ile ilgili yapılmış çalışmaların incelenmesi. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi (YSAD) / Elderly Issues Research Journal (EIRJ), 14(2), 70-83. doi:10.46414/yasad.1035803
  • Haq, M. A. U., Tiwari, S., & Tiwari, S. (2024). Stepping towards better health: the effects of walking football for 12 weeks on cardiovascular health in hypertensive male senior citizens. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 24(1), 102–109. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.1.13
  • Harper, L.D., Alan, A, Corr, L.D., & Naughton, R.J (2020). Physiological, physical, and biomechanical demands of walking football: implications for exercise prescription and future research in older adults. J Law of Aging Physics. 28 :478–88. 10.1123/japa.2019-0330
  • Isık, E.İ., Altuğ, F., & Cavlak, U. (2015). Reliability and validity of four step square test in older adults. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics.18(2): 151-155.
  • Jordre, B., & Schweinle, W. (2020). Hand grip strength in senior athletes: normative data and community-dwelling comparisons. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 15(4):519. doi: 10.26603/ijspt20200519.
  • Joseph, D., & Southcott, J (2019) Meanings of leisure for older people: An Australian study of line dancing. Leisure Studies 38, 74–87.
  • Kirk, R. E. (2013). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences (4th ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Knapik, J. J., Meredith, C.N., Jones, B.H., Suek, L., Young, V.R., & Evans, W.J. (1985). Influence of fasting on carbohydrate and fat metabolism during rest and exercise in men. Journal Applied Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.5.1923
  • Muchiri, W.A., Olutende, O.M., Kweyu, I.W., & Vurigwa, E. (2018). Meaning of Physical Activities for the Elderly: A Review. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6:79–83.
  • McPhee, J.S., French, D.P., Jackson, D., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., Degens, H.. Niño, O., Balagué, N., Aragonés, D., Alamo, J., Oviedo, G., Javierre, C., & Ventura, J. L (2017). Different training programs decrease blood pressure during submaximal exercise. European Journal Of Applied Physiology, 117(11), 2181-2189.
  • Oliva-Lozano, J.M., Chiampas, G.T., Cost., Sullivan, J., & Lobelo F (2024) Elevating recreational soccer to improve population health in the United States: the time is now. Front. Public Health 12:1406878. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406878.
  • Önal, A.E., & Tümerdem, Y. (2001). Yaşlılıkta hipertansiyon. Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 4(4):141-145.
  • Pamir-Akın, D. (2010). Huzurevinde kalan yaşlılarda psikolojik kabul düzeyi ve kaygı belirtileri arasındaki ilişkiler (Yüksek lisans tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Rezende, L., Pablo Rey-Lopez , J., Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo, V., & do Carmo Luiz, O. (2014). Hareketsiz davranış ve sağlık sonuçları yaşlı yetişkinler arasında: Sistematik bir inceleme. BMC Public Health, 14, 333.
  • Shiroma, E.J., Lee, I.M., Schepps, M., Kamada, M., & Harris, T.B (2019). Physical activity patterns and mortality: the weekend warrior and activity bouts. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 51:35–40. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001762
  • Taylor, D. (2014). Physical activity is medicine for older adults. Postgrad Med J, 90:26–32. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-131366
  • Thomas, G. M. (2024). The boots will be on the coffin!’: multiple meanings of ageing for older people playing walking football. Ageing and Society, 1–18. doi:10.1017/S0144686X24000254
  • Thomas, G. M (2024). The dark side of (Later-Life) Leisure: the case of walking football. leisure sciences, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2024.2373410
  • Zainudin, S. B., Salle, D. D. A., & Aziz, A. R. (2022). Walking Football During Ramadan Fasting for Cardiometabolic and Psychological Health Benefits to the Physically Challenged and Aged Populations. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 779863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.779863
  • Zorba, E., & Saygın, Ö. (2013). Fiziksel aktivite ve fiziksel uygunluk (Üçüncü Baskı). Ankara: Fırat Matbaacılık.
  • WHO. (2007). WHO global report on falls prevention in older age. https://www.who.int/ageing/publications/Falls_prevention7March.pdf ErişimTarihi:23.05.2024
  • WHO. (2015). World Report on Ageing and Health. Erişim: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/186463.

Yürüyüş Futbolunun 60 yaş ve Üzeri Kadınlarda Denge Yeteneği, Seçilmiş Fizyolojik Parametreler ve Geriatrik Kaygı Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 285 - 292, 30.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1643416

Abstract

Bu çalışma 60 yaş ve üstü kadınlara uygulanan 8 haftalık yürüyüş futbolu programının denge yeteneği, kalp atım hızı (KAH), kan basıncı ve geriatrik kaygı üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya uygun örneklem yöntemi ile seçilerek, sağlık raporu ile sağlıklı olduğunu beyan eden, 32 kadın gönüllü katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 16’sı kontrol, 16’sı deney grubu olacak şekilde ayrılmış olup, ön-son test deneysel çalışma olarak düzenlenen araştırmada ön test için dinlenik KAH, kan basıncı ölçümü yapılarak ‘’Geriatrik Kaygı Ölçeği’’(GKÖ) doldurtulmuş, denge yeteneği için ’’Dört Kare Adımlama Test’’ uygulanmıştır. Ön test sonunda sadece deney grubu ile 8 hafta boyunca haftada 2 kez ısınma, yürüyüş futbolu, streching ve nefes egzersizinden oluşan 55 dk.lık çalışma protokolü uygulanırken, kontrol grubu ile çalışma yapılmamıştır. Son test ölçümünden sonra elde edilen verilerin normal dağılımda olmadığı tespit edilmiş olup, nonparametrik testler uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, deney grubunun sistolik ve diyastolik tansiyon, dinlenik nabız, denge ve GKÖ test sonuçları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Kontrol grubu sistolik ve diyastolik tansiyon ölçüm ön-son test ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık görülürken diğer parametrelerde bir değişiklik görülmemiştir. Deney ve kontrol grubu son test karşılaştırmaları sonucu denge, dinlenik nabız ve GKÖ ortalamaları arasında anlamlı fark görülürken sistolik ve diyastolik tansiyon ölçümlerinde değişiklik olmadı. Sperman Sıralama Korelayon Katsayısı analizine göre, sistolik ve diyastolik tansiyon ile nabız arasında düşük düzeyde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 60 yaş ve üstü kadın bireylere uygulanan yürüyüş futbolunun bu yaş grubuna fiziksel, fizyolojik ve psikolojik açıdan olumlu etki ettiği söylenebilir.

Ethical Statement

MUĞLA SITKI KOÇMAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP VE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ETİK KURULU - 2 (SPOR,SAĞLIK) KARARI - 16.11.2023, Karar No : 144

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

Araştırmaya gönüllü katılan Tazelenme Üniversitesi öğrencilerine sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

References

  • Andersson, H., Caspers, A., Godhe, M., Helge, T., Eriksen, J., Fransson, D., & Ekblom-Bak, E. (2023). Walking football for Health – physiological response to playing and characteristics of the players. Science and Medicine in Football, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2023.2249426
  • Ayna, Ç., & Gümüş, H (2021). 60 Yaş Üstü Bireylerin Yaşam Doyumu, Sağlık algısı ve boş zaman etkinliği tercihlerinin incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi / Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 32(1), 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.793415
  • Babayiğit İrez, G (2009). Pilates exercise positively affects balance, reaction time, muscle strength, number of falls and psychologicalparameters in 65+ years old women. Doctoral Thesis, Middle East Technical University Social Sciences Institute. Ankara
  • Baran Görgün, A (2011). Aile ve yaşlanma. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi Yayını.
  • Barbosa, A., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Seabra, A., & Mendes, R (2021). Effectiveness of a walking football program for middle-aged and older men with type 2 diabetes: protocol for a randomized controlled Trial JMIR Res Protoc;10(11):e28554 doi: 10.2196/28554
  • Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.P., Chastin, S., & Chou, R (2020). World health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 54(24):1451–1462. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.
  • Claudino, J.G., Afonso, J., Sarvestan, J., Lanza, M.B., Pennone, J., Filho, C.A.C., Serrão, J.C., Espregueira-Mendes, J., Vasconcelos, A.L.V., Andrade, M.P., Rocha-Rodrigues, S., Andrade, R., & Ramirez-Campillo, R (2021). Strength Training to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Med. 20 ;10(14):3184. doi: 10.3390/jcm10143184. PMID: 34300350; PMCID: PMC8304136.
  • Costa, J. A., Coelho, C. A., Ferraz, A., Brito, J., Guilherme, J., Seabra, A., Travassos, B., Folgado, H., & Gonçalves, B. (2024). The Influence of including goalkeepers on the intensity demands of walking football practice. Sports, 12(12), 346. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12120346
  • Dite, W., & Temple, V. A. (2002). A clinical test of stepping and change of direction to identify multiple falling older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 83(11), 1566–1571. DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2002.35469
  • Duncan, M. J., Mowle, S., Noon, M., Eyre, E., Clarke, N. D., Hill, M., Tallis, J., & Julin, M. (2022). the effect of 12-weeks recreational football (soccer) for health ıntervention on functional movement in older adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13625. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013625
  • Egger, F., Ditscheid, A., Schwarz, M., & Meyer, T (2024). Physical demands of walking football in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases clinical. Journal of Sport Medicine. 34(5):s 462-468.| DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000001218
  • Erdoğan Yüce, Ü., & Saygın, Ö. (2023). The ınvestigation of the effect of 8-week walking football activity on life satisfaction and heart rate variability in elderly men. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 8(3), 630-640. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1271937
  • Erdoğan Yüce, Ü., & Saygın, Ö. (2024). Investigation of the ımpact of walking football on selected physical fitness parameters and geriatric depression in elderly male ındividuals. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(2), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1425967
  • Güler, U., Ateş, M., Yılmaz, S., & Akgül, E. (2020). Hipertansiyon ilacı kullanan sedanter bireylerde 24 haftalık egzersiz programının vücut kompozisyonu, maksimal oksijen kapasitesi ve seçili fizyolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkileri. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 4 (2), 203-214.
  • Güneş Gencer, G. Y., İpek, L., Kara, D. S., Uzun, F., & Çetin, S. Y. (2021). Türkiye’de yaşlılarda düşme ve denge ile ilgili yapılmış çalışmaların incelenmesi. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi (YSAD) / Elderly Issues Research Journal (EIRJ), 14(2), 70-83. doi:10.46414/yasad.1035803
  • Haq, M. A. U., Tiwari, S., & Tiwari, S. (2024). Stepping towards better health: the effects of walking football for 12 weeks on cardiovascular health in hypertensive male senior citizens. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 24(1), 102–109. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.1.13
  • Harper, L.D., Alan, A, Corr, L.D., & Naughton, R.J (2020). Physiological, physical, and biomechanical demands of walking football: implications for exercise prescription and future research in older adults. J Law of Aging Physics. 28 :478–88. 10.1123/japa.2019-0330
  • Isık, E.İ., Altuğ, F., & Cavlak, U. (2015). Reliability and validity of four step square test in older adults. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics.18(2): 151-155.
  • Jordre, B., & Schweinle, W. (2020). Hand grip strength in senior athletes: normative data and community-dwelling comparisons. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 15(4):519. doi: 10.26603/ijspt20200519.
  • Joseph, D., & Southcott, J (2019) Meanings of leisure for older people: An Australian study of line dancing. Leisure Studies 38, 74–87.
  • Kirk, R. E. (2013). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences (4th ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Knapik, J. J., Meredith, C.N., Jones, B.H., Suek, L., Young, V.R., & Evans, W.J. (1985). Influence of fasting on carbohydrate and fat metabolism during rest and exercise in men. Journal Applied Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.5.1923
  • Muchiri, W.A., Olutende, O.M., Kweyu, I.W., & Vurigwa, E. (2018). Meaning of Physical Activities for the Elderly: A Review. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6:79–83.
  • McPhee, J.S., French, D.P., Jackson, D., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., Degens, H.. Niño, O., Balagué, N., Aragonés, D., Alamo, J., Oviedo, G., Javierre, C., & Ventura, J. L (2017). Different training programs decrease blood pressure during submaximal exercise. European Journal Of Applied Physiology, 117(11), 2181-2189.
  • Oliva-Lozano, J.M., Chiampas, G.T., Cost., Sullivan, J., & Lobelo F (2024) Elevating recreational soccer to improve population health in the United States: the time is now. Front. Public Health 12:1406878. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406878.
  • Önal, A.E., & Tümerdem, Y. (2001). Yaşlılıkta hipertansiyon. Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 4(4):141-145.
  • Pamir-Akın, D. (2010). Huzurevinde kalan yaşlılarda psikolojik kabul düzeyi ve kaygı belirtileri arasındaki ilişkiler (Yüksek lisans tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Rezende, L., Pablo Rey-Lopez , J., Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo, V., & do Carmo Luiz, O. (2014). Hareketsiz davranış ve sağlık sonuçları yaşlı yetişkinler arasında: Sistematik bir inceleme. BMC Public Health, 14, 333.
  • Shiroma, E.J., Lee, I.M., Schepps, M., Kamada, M., & Harris, T.B (2019). Physical activity patterns and mortality: the weekend warrior and activity bouts. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 51:35–40. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001762
  • Taylor, D. (2014). Physical activity is medicine for older adults. Postgrad Med J, 90:26–32. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-131366
  • Thomas, G. M. (2024). The boots will be on the coffin!’: multiple meanings of ageing for older people playing walking football. Ageing and Society, 1–18. doi:10.1017/S0144686X24000254
  • Thomas, G. M (2024). The dark side of (Later-Life) Leisure: the case of walking football. leisure sciences, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2024.2373410
  • Zainudin, S. B., Salle, D. D. A., & Aziz, A. R. (2022). Walking Football During Ramadan Fasting for Cardiometabolic and Psychological Health Benefits to the Physically Challenged and Aged Populations. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 779863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.779863
  • Zorba, E., & Saygın, Ö. (2013). Fiziksel aktivite ve fiziksel uygunluk (Üçüncü Baskı). Ankara: Fırat Matbaacılık.
  • WHO. (2007). WHO global report on falls prevention in older age. https://www.who.int/ageing/publications/Falls_prevention7March.pdf ErişimTarihi:23.05.2024
  • WHO. (2015). World Report on Ageing and Health. Erişim: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/186463.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Physical Activity and Health, Physical Fitness, Exercise and Sports Psychology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ülküm Erdoğan Yüce 0000-0002-9503-1840

Publication Date July 30, 2025
Submission Date February 20, 2025
Acceptance Date June 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Erdoğan Yüce Ü. Yürüyüş Futbolunun 60 yaş ve Üzeri Kadınlarda Denge Yeteneği, Seçilmiş Fizyolojik Parametreler ve Geriatrik Kaygı Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi. TOJRAS. 2025;14(3):285-92.