Effects of Soil and Foliar Nitrogen and Zinc Treatments on Wheat Grain Zinc and Iron Concentrations

Year 2019, Özel Sayı, 130 - 139, 24.12.2019

Hatun Barut Sait Aykanat Elif Haklı Heybet Salim Eker İsmail Çakmak

https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.655563

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar and soil nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) treatments

of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Adana 99) on grain nitrogen (N), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) concentrations

and yields. This study was carried out in 4-factorial trial random plot design under greenhouse. Two different zinc (0.1 and 1 mg kg-1) and nitrogen doses (200 and 500 mg kg-1) were applied to the soil and

0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% urea solutions were foliarly applied to zinc-free (-Zn) and zinc containing (+ Zn,

0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) conditions. For foliar applications, only the flag leaf was immersed 25 seconds into

solution. Immersion of the leaves in the solutions was repeated 6 times with a single day intervals. Plants

were harvested after grains matured and grain samples were analysed for N, Zn and Fe concentrations.

Statistical analysis showed that average grain Zn concentration was increased 29% with soil applied

N and increased 40% with soil applied Zn. Foliar applied Zn increased grain Zn concentration 33%

while foliar applied urea resulted with low increases at that value. Soil applied N increased grain Fe

concentration 26% whereas soil applied Zn reduced Fe concentration 28%. Foliar applied Zn resulted

with 6% increase in grain Fe concentrations. Foliar urea application was not effective on grain Fe

concentrations. Results revealed in general that N and Zn-nutrition had significant effect on grain Zn

and Fe concentrations. When the plants were supplied with sufficient Zn, both soil and foliar nitrogen

treatments increased grain Zn concentrations. It was concluded that sufficient Zn and high N rates

promoted Zn and Fe uptake and also their re-mobilization from the vegetative tissues into grains.

Keywords

Iron, nitrogen, remobilization, wheat, zinc

Topraktan ve Yapraktan Azot ve Çinko Uygulamalarının Buğdayda Tane Çinko ve Demir Konsantrasyonları Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, ekmeklik buğdaya (Triticum aestivum cv. Adana 99) topraktan ve yapraktan azot ve
çinko uygulamalarının tanenin azot (N), çinko (Zn), demir (Fe) konsantrasyonu ve verimi üzerine etkisi
araştırılmıştır. Söz konusu çalışma sera koşullarında, tesadüf parsellerinde 4 faktörlü faktöriyel deneme
deseninde yürütülmüştür. Topraktan uygulamada iki farklı çinko dozu (0.1 ve 1 mg kg-1) ve iki farklı
azot dozu (200 ve 500 mg kg-1) kullanılırken, yapraktan uygulamalarda çinkosuz (-Zn) ve çinkolu (+ Zn,
0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) koşullarda %0, %0.1, %0.5 ve %1’lik üre çözeltileri kullanılmıştır. Yapraktan yapılan
uygulamalarda yalnızca bayrak yaprağı ilgili çözeltilere daldırılmış ve toplam 25 sn bekletilmiştir. Yaprak
uygulamaları birer gün arayla 6 kez yinelenmiştir. Bitkiler tane olgunluğuna ulaştıktan sonra hasat
edilmiştir. Hasat sonucu elde edilen tanelerde N, Zn ve Fe analizleri yapılmıştır.
Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda, ortalamalar bazında, topraktan N uygulaması, tane Zn
konsantrasyonunu %29, topraktan Zn uygulaması %40 oranında arttırmıştır. Yapraktan Zn uygulaması,
tane Zn konsantrasyonunu %33 oranında arttırırken, yapraktan üre uygulaması ise düşük düzeyde artış
sağlamıştır. Topraktan N uygulaması, tane Fe konsantrasyonunu %26 arttırmış, topraktan Zn uygulaması
ise %28 oranında azaltmıştır. Yapraktan Zn uygulaması tane Fe konsantrasyonunda %6’lık artış sağlamıştır.
Yapraktan üre uygulaması tane Fe konsantrasyonu üzerinde önemli bir etki yapmamıştır. Genel olarak
değerlendirildiğinde, elde edilen bulgular, bitkinin N ve Zn beslenmesinin, tanenin Zn ve Fe konsantrasyonu
üzerinde önemli bir unsur olduğunu göstermektedir. Bitki için ortama yeterince Zn sağlandığı zaman, hem
topraktan hem de yapraktan azot uygulaması ile tanenin Zn içeriği artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yeterli Zn dozu
ile yüksek N dozu uygulamasının Zn ve Fe’in alınımı ve remobilize olmasına katkısı olmuştur.

Keywords

Azot, buğday, çinko, demir, remobilizasyon

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