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Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 219 - 231, 16.06.2022

Mustafa Abdüssamed Demirel , Muhammet Vapur , Ercan Yavuz , İbrahim Aydın

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; serbest zaman nostaljisinin serbest zaman motivasyonu üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma için 458 katılımcıdan veri toplanmış ancak toplanan verilerden 53’ü araştırmaya veri tabanı oluşturacak nitelikte olmadığından değerlendirme dışı bırakılmıştır. 405 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programına işlenip bu verilerin normallik testi, güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik testi, faktör analizi ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda serbest zaman nostaljisinin serbest zaman motivasyonu üzerinde anlamlı ve olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Geçmişte katılım sağlanan serbest zaman aktivitelerinin, aktivitenin yapıldığı iklim koşullarının, kullanılan araç ve gereçlerin, mekânın mimarisi ve görünümü gibi mekânsal hatıraların serbest zaman motivasyonunu olumlu yönde arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca bu araştırmada, geçmişte katılım sağlanan serbest zaman aktiviteleri esnasında kurulan olumlu insan ilişkilerinin anımsanmasının serbest zaman motivasyonunu olumlu yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Bu çıkarımlara ilaveten, serbest zaman aktivitelerinde yer alınan grupların özelliklerini, geleneklerini ve ritüellerini hatırlamanın; serbest zaman motivasyonunu arttıran diğer etkenler arasında olduğu elde edilen bulgular arasındadır. Sonuç olarak, araştırmada, serbest zaman motivasyonunu etkileyen başat faktörlerden birinin serbest zaman nostaljisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Rekreasyon Serbest Zaman Nostalji Motivasyon

References

  • Acharya, R., Paudel, K. P. and Hatch, U. (2009). “Impact of Nostalgia and Past Experience on Recreational Demand for Wilderness”. Applied Economics Letters 16(5):449-453. DOI:10.1080/13504850601032099.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S., Yıldırım, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık. 135.
  • Aslan, N. (1994). “Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Eğilimi Öğretmen Yetiştiren Kurumlarda Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma”. D.E.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • Balcı, V. ve Yavaş Tez, Ö. (2019). “Serbest Zaman Nostalji Ölçeği (SZNÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2) , 218-229.
  • Barrett, F. S., Grimm, K. J. and Robins, R. W. (2010). “Music-Evoked Nostalgia: Affect, Memory, and Personality”. American Psychological Association. 10(3), 390 – 403. DOI: 10.1037/a0019006.
  • Beard, J. G. and Ragheb, M. G. (1983). “Measuring Leisure Motivation”. Journal of Leisure Research, 15, 219–228.
  • Bishop, D. (1970). “Stability of the Factor Structure of Leisure Behavior: Analysis of Four Communities”. Journa1 of Leisure Research, 2(3): 160-170.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Carroll, B. ve Alexandris, K. (1997). “Perception of Constraints and Strength of Motivation: Their Relation to Recreational Sport Participation”. Journal of Leisure Research, 29: 279-299.
  • Chase, M. and Shaw, C. (1989). The Dimensions of Nostalgia. In C. Shaw and M. Chase (Eds.), The İmagined Past: History and Nostalgia (pp. 1–17). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Chen, Y. C., Li, R. H. and Chen, S. H. (2013). “Relationships Among Adolescents’ Leisure Motivation, Leisure İnvolvement, and Leisure Satisfaction: A Structural Equation Model”. Social Indicators Research, 110(3), 1187-1199.
  • Cho, H. (2020). “Importance of Leisure Nostalgia on Life Satisfaction and Leisure Participation”. The Service Industries Journal, 40(1-2), 90-109.
  • Conway, M. A. and Bekerian, D. A. (1987). “Organization in Autobiographical Memory”. Memory & Cognition, 15(2), 119-132.
  • Crandall, R. (1980). “Motivations for Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 12, 45-54.
  • Çokluk, Ö. S., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, S. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Daniels, B. (1985). “Nostalgia and Hidden Meaning”. American Imago, 42(4), 371-382.
  • Dann, G. M. (1981). Tourism Motivations: An Appraisal”. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(2), 189–219.
  • Deci, E. and Ryan, R. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Behaviour. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Ellis, G. D. And Witt, P. A. (1984). “The Measurement of Perceived Freedom in Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 18, 81-95.
  • Goulding, C. (2002). “An Exploratory Study of Age Related Vicarious Nostalgia and Aesthetic Consumption”. Advances in Consumer Research, 29, 542–546.
  • Graef, R., Cikszentmihalyi, M. and Gianinno, B. (1983). Measuring İntrinsic Motivation in Everyday Life. Leisure Studies, 2, 155-168.
  • Güngörmüş, H. A. (2012). “The Study Of Validity And Reliability Of Turkish Version Of Leisure Motivation Scale”. Energy Education Science And Technology Part B Social and Educational Studies, 4(3), 1209-1216.
  • Hirsch, A. R. (1992). “Nostalgia: A Neuropsychiatric Understanding”. Advances in Consumer Research, 19, 390-395.
  • Holak, S. L. and Havlena, W. J. (1998). “Feelings, Fantasies, and Memories: An Examination of the Emotional Components of Nostalgia”. Journal of Business Research, 42, 217–226.
  • Holbrook, M. B. (1993). “Nostalgia and Consumption Preferences: Some Emerging Patterns of Consumer Tastes”. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 245-256.
  • Holdsworth, A. (2011). Television, Memory and Nostalgia. Series: Palgrave Macmillan memory studies. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke.
  • Hollander, J. (1977). “Motivational Dimensions of The Camping Experience”. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(2): 133-141.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. (1979). “Basic Dimensions of Definitions of Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 11(1),28–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1979.11969373.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1989). Motivation for Leisure. In E. L.Jackson & T. L. Burton (Eds.), Understanding Leisure And Recreation: Mapping the Past Charting the Future (pp. 247-279). State College:R. A. Venture Publishing.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. and Weissinger, E. (1987). “Leisure and Boredom”. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 5, 356-364.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. And Allen, J. (1982). The Dynamics of Leisure Motivation: the Effects of Outcome on Leisure Needs. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 53(2), 141-149.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Spss Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 5. Baskı. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kleiber, D. A., Walker, G. J., and Mannell, R. C. (2011). A Social Psychology of Leisure (2nd ed.).Venture Publishing.
  • Lloyd, C., King, R., Mccarthy, M. and Scanlan, M. (2007). “The Association Between Leisure Motivation and Recovery: A pilot Study”. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54, 33-41.
  • London, M., Crandall, R. and Fitzgibbons, D. (1977). “The Psychological Structure of Leisure: Activities, Needs, People”. Journal of Leisure Research 9(4): 252-263.
  • Mannell, R. C. (1980). Social Psychological Techniques and Strategies for Studying Leisure Experiences. In S. E. Iso-Ahola (Ed.), Social Psychological Perspectives on Leisure and Recreation (pp. 62-88). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Mckechnie, G. (1974). “The Psychological Structure of Leisure: Past Behavior”. Journal of Leisure Research 6(1), 27-45.
  • Neulinger, J. (1981). The Psychology of Leisure. Springfield Illinois.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Blaıs, M. R., Brıère, N. M. and Vallerand, R. J. (1989). Construction et Validation de l’échelle de Motivation en Éducation (EME). Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 21, 323-349. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079855
  • Pelletıer, L. G., Vallerand, R. J., Blaıs, M. R. and Brıère, M. N. (1991). Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS-28). https://www.lrcs.uqam.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/eml28_en.pdf
  • Ragheb, M. and Tate, R. (1993). “A Behavioural Model of Leisure Participation, Based on Leisure Attitude, Motivation and Satisfaction”. Leisure Studies, 12, 61-70.
  • Ramshaw, G. and Gammon, S. (2005). “More than Just Nostalgia? Exploring the Heritage/ Sport Tourism Nexus”. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 10, 229–241.
  • Ryan, R. M. and Deci, E. L. (2000). “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of İntrinsic Motivation, Social Development and Well-being”. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.
  • Sedıkıdes, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J. and Routledge, C. (2008). Nostalgia: Past, present, and future. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(5), 304–307. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00595.x
  • Sedıkıdes, C. and Wildschut, T. (2020). “The Motivational Potency of Nostalgia: The Future is Called Yesterday”. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Advances in Motivation Science (pp. 75 111). Elsevier Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adms.2019.05.001
  • Sedıkıdes, C., Wildschut, T. and Baden, D. (2004). Nostalgia: Conceptual Issues and Existential Functions. In J. Greenberg, S. L. Koole, & T. Pyszczynski (Eds.), Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology (pp. 200–214). Guilford Press.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. and Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston, Pearson
  • Tinsley, H. and Kass, R. (1978). “Leisure Activities and Need Satisfaction: a Replication and Extension”. Journal of Leisure Research 10, 191-202.
  • Tinsley, H. E. A. and Eldredge, B. D. (1995). “Psychological Benefits of Leisure Participation: A Taxonomy of Leisure Activities Based on Their Need-Gratifying Properties”. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(2), 123–132.
  • Tinsley, H., and Kass, R. (1979). “The Latent Structure of Need Satisfying Properties of Leisure Activities”. Journal of Leisure Research 11(4), 278-291.
  • Tinsley, H., Barrett, T. and Kass, R. (1977). “Leisure Activities and Need Satisfaction”. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(4), 110-120.
  • Uysal, M. and Hagan, L. R. (1993). Motivation of Pleasure to Travel and Tourism. In M. A. Khan, M. D. Olsen, and T. Var (Eds.), VNR’S Encyclopedia of Hospitality and Tourism (pp. 798–810). New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Yetim, G., Hastürk, G. ve Argan, M. (2020). “Retro Temelli Ramazan Etkinlikleri: Nostalji Eğilimi, Akış Deneyimi, Etkinlik Tatmini, Boş Zaman Tatmini, Yaşam Tatmini ve Mutluluk Arasındaki İlişki”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 781-791.
  • Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Arndt, J. and Routledge, C. D. (2006). “Nostalgia: Content, Triggers, Functions”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 975-993.
  • TÜİK, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, İçsel Turizm Hareketleri (2021). http://www.tuik.gov.tr/10 Aralık 2021.

The Effect of Leisure Time Nostalgia on Leisure Motivation

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 219 - 231, 16.06.2022

Mustafa Abdüssamed Demirel , Muhammet Vapur , Ercan Yavuz , İbrahim Aydın

Abstract

References

  • Acharya, R., Paudel, K. P. and Hatch, U. (2009). “Impact of Nostalgia and Past Experience on Recreational Demand for Wilderness”. Applied Economics Letters 16(5):449-453. DOI:10.1080/13504850601032099.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S., Yıldırım, E. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık. 135.
  • Aslan, N. (1994). “Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Eğilimi Öğretmen Yetiştiren Kurumlarda Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma”. D.E.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • Balcı, V. ve Yavaş Tez, Ö. (2019). “Serbest Zaman Nostalji Ölçeği (SZNÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2) , 218-229.
  • Barrett, F. S., Grimm, K. J. and Robins, R. W. (2010). “Music-Evoked Nostalgia: Affect, Memory, and Personality”. American Psychological Association. 10(3), 390 – 403. DOI: 10.1037/a0019006.
  • Beard, J. G. and Ragheb, M. G. (1983). “Measuring Leisure Motivation”. Journal of Leisure Research, 15, 219–228.
  • Bishop, D. (1970). “Stability of the Factor Structure of Leisure Behavior: Analysis of Four Communities”. Journa1 of Leisure Research, 2(3): 160-170.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Carroll, B. ve Alexandris, K. (1997). “Perception of Constraints and Strength of Motivation: Their Relation to Recreational Sport Participation”. Journal of Leisure Research, 29: 279-299.
  • Chase, M. and Shaw, C. (1989). The Dimensions of Nostalgia. In C. Shaw and M. Chase (Eds.), The İmagined Past: History and Nostalgia (pp. 1–17). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Chen, Y. C., Li, R. H. and Chen, S. H. (2013). “Relationships Among Adolescents’ Leisure Motivation, Leisure İnvolvement, and Leisure Satisfaction: A Structural Equation Model”. Social Indicators Research, 110(3), 1187-1199.
  • Cho, H. (2020). “Importance of Leisure Nostalgia on Life Satisfaction and Leisure Participation”. The Service Industries Journal, 40(1-2), 90-109.
  • Conway, M. A. and Bekerian, D. A. (1987). “Organization in Autobiographical Memory”. Memory & Cognition, 15(2), 119-132.
  • Crandall, R. (1980). “Motivations for Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 12, 45-54.
  • Çokluk, Ö. S., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, S. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Daniels, B. (1985). “Nostalgia and Hidden Meaning”. American Imago, 42(4), 371-382.
  • Dann, G. M. (1981). Tourism Motivations: An Appraisal”. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(2), 189–219.
  • Deci, E. and Ryan, R. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Behaviour. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Ellis, G. D. And Witt, P. A. (1984). “The Measurement of Perceived Freedom in Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 18, 81-95.
  • Goulding, C. (2002). “An Exploratory Study of Age Related Vicarious Nostalgia and Aesthetic Consumption”. Advances in Consumer Research, 29, 542–546.
  • Graef, R., Cikszentmihalyi, M. and Gianinno, B. (1983). Measuring İntrinsic Motivation in Everyday Life. Leisure Studies, 2, 155-168.
  • Güngörmüş, H. A. (2012). “The Study Of Validity And Reliability Of Turkish Version Of Leisure Motivation Scale”. Energy Education Science And Technology Part B Social and Educational Studies, 4(3), 1209-1216.
  • Hirsch, A. R. (1992). “Nostalgia: A Neuropsychiatric Understanding”. Advances in Consumer Research, 19, 390-395.
  • Holak, S. L. and Havlena, W. J. (1998). “Feelings, Fantasies, and Memories: An Examination of the Emotional Components of Nostalgia”. Journal of Business Research, 42, 217–226.
  • Holbrook, M. B. (1993). “Nostalgia and Consumption Preferences: Some Emerging Patterns of Consumer Tastes”. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 245-256.
  • Holdsworth, A. (2011). Television, Memory and Nostalgia. Series: Palgrave Macmillan memory studies. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke.
  • Hollander, J. (1977). “Motivational Dimensions of The Camping Experience”. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(2): 133-141.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. (1979). “Basic Dimensions of Definitions of Leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, 11(1),28–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1979.11969373.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1989). Motivation for Leisure. In E. L.Jackson & T. L. Burton (Eds.), Understanding Leisure And Recreation: Mapping the Past Charting the Future (pp. 247-279). State College:R. A. Venture Publishing.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. and Weissinger, E. (1987). “Leisure and Boredom”. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 5, 356-364.
  • Iso-Ahola, S. And Allen, J. (1982). The Dynamics of Leisure Motivation: the Effects of Outcome on Leisure Needs. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 53(2), 141-149.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Spss Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 5. Baskı. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kleiber, D. A., Walker, G. J., and Mannell, R. C. (2011). A Social Psychology of Leisure (2nd ed.).Venture Publishing.
  • Lloyd, C., King, R., Mccarthy, M. and Scanlan, M. (2007). “The Association Between Leisure Motivation and Recovery: A pilot Study”. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54, 33-41.
  • London, M., Crandall, R. and Fitzgibbons, D. (1977). “The Psychological Structure of Leisure: Activities, Needs, People”. Journal of Leisure Research 9(4): 252-263.
  • Mannell, R. C. (1980). Social Psychological Techniques and Strategies for Studying Leisure Experiences. In S. E. Iso-Ahola (Ed.), Social Psychological Perspectives on Leisure and Recreation (pp. 62-88). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Mckechnie, G. (1974). “The Psychological Structure of Leisure: Past Behavior”. Journal of Leisure Research 6(1), 27-45.
  • Neulinger, J. (1981). The Psychology of Leisure. Springfield Illinois.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Blaıs, M. R., Brıère, N. M. and Vallerand, R. J. (1989). Construction et Validation de l’échelle de Motivation en Éducation (EME). Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 21, 323-349. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079855
  • Pelletıer, L. G., Vallerand, R. J., Blaıs, M. R. and Brıère, M. N. (1991). Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS-28). https://www.lrcs.uqam.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/eml28_en.pdf
  • Ragheb, M. and Tate, R. (1993). “A Behavioural Model of Leisure Participation, Based on Leisure Attitude, Motivation and Satisfaction”. Leisure Studies, 12, 61-70.
  • Ramshaw, G. and Gammon, S. (2005). “More than Just Nostalgia? Exploring the Heritage/ Sport Tourism Nexus”. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 10, 229–241.
  • Ryan, R. M. and Deci, E. L. (2000). “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of İntrinsic Motivation, Social Development and Well-being”. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.
  • Sedıkıdes, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J. and Routledge, C. (2008). Nostalgia: Past, present, and future. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(5), 304–307. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00595.x
  • Sedıkıdes, C. and Wildschut, T. (2020). “The Motivational Potency of Nostalgia: The Future is Called Yesterday”. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Advances in Motivation Science (pp. 75 111). Elsevier Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adms.2019.05.001
  • Sedıkıdes, C., Wildschut, T. and Baden, D. (2004). Nostalgia: Conceptual Issues and Existential Functions. In J. Greenberg, S. L. Koole, & T. Pyszczynski (Eds.), Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology (pp. 200–214). Guilford Press.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. and Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston, Pearson
  • Tinsley, H. and Kass, R. (1978). “Leisure Activities and Need Satisfaction: a Replication and Extension”. Journal of Leisure Research 10, 191-202.
  • Tinsley, H. E. A. and Eldredge, B. D. (1995). “Psychological Benefits of Leisure Participation: A Taxonomy of Leisure Activities Based on Their Need-Gratifying Properties”. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(2), 123–132.
  • Tinsley, H., and Kass, R. (1979). “The Latent Structure of Need Satisfying Properties of Leisure Activities”. Journal of Leisure Research 11(4), 278-291.
  • Tinsley, H., Barrett, T. and Kass, R. (1977). “Leisure Activities and Need Satisfaction”. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(4), 110-120.
  • Uysal, M. and Hagan, L. R. (1993). Motivation of Pleasure to Travel and Tourism. In M. A. Khan, M. D. Olsen, and T. Var (Eds.), VNR’S Encyclopedia of Hospitality and Tourism (pp. 798–810). New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Yetim, G., Hastürk, G. ve Argan, M. (2020). “Retro Temelli Ramazan Etkinlikleri: Nostalji Eğilimi, Akış Deneyimi, Etkinlik Tatmini, Boş Zaman Tatmini, Yaşam Tatmini ve Mutluluk Arasındaki İlişki”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 781-791.
  • Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Arndt, J. and Routledge, C. D. (2006). “Nostalgia: Content, Triggers, Functions”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 975-993.
  • TÜİK, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, İçsel Turizm Hareketleri (2021). http://www.tuik.gov.tr/10 Aralık 2021.
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Abdüssamed Demirel 0000-0002-0497-035X

Muhammet Vapur 0000-0002-3417-2156

Ercan Yavuz 0000-0003-3696-4832

İbrahim Aydın 0000-0002-4132-6686

Publication Date June 16, 2022
Submission Date April 20, 2022
Acceptance Date May 25, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Demirel, M. A., Vapur, M., Yavuz, E., Aydın, İ. (2022). Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9(1), 219-231.
AMA Demirel MA, Vapur M, Yavuz E, Aydın İ. Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. June 2022;9(1):219-231.
Chicago Demirel, Mustafa Abdüssamed, Muhammet Vapur, Ercan Yavuz, and İbrahim Aydın. “Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9, no. 1 (June 2022): 219-31.
EndNote Demirel MA, Vapur M, Yavuz E, Aydın İ (June 1, 2022) Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9 1 219–231.
IEEE M. A. Demirel, M. Vapur, E. Yavuz, and İ. Aydın, “Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi”, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 219–231, 2022.
ISNAD Demirel, Mustafa Abdüssamed et al. “Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi 9/1 (June 2022), 219-231.
JAMA Demirel MA, Vapur M, Yavuz E, Aydın İ. Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. 2022;9:219–231.
MLA Demirel, Mustafa Abdüssamed et al. “Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi”. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, 2022, pp. 219-31.
Vancouver Demirel MA, Vapur M, Yavuz E, Aydın İ. Serbest Zaman Nostaljisinin Serbest Zaman Motivasyonuna Etkisi. Turizm Akademik Dergisi. 2022;9(1):219-31.
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