Research Article
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Year 2026, Volume: 16 Issue: 80, 115 - 126, 27.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1669746
https://izlik.org/JA72PK66AU

Abstract

References

  • Antwi, C. O., Belle, M. A., Ntim, S. Y., Wu, Y., Affum-Osei, E., Aboagye, M. O., & Ren, J. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic and international students’ mental health in china: age, gender, chronic health condition and having infected relative as risk factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 7916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137916
  • Arasaratnam, L. A. (2009). The development of a new instrument of intercultural communication competence. Journal of Intercultural Communication, (20). 2–21. http://www.immi.se/intercultural/
  • Atkinson, R., & Flint, J. (2001). Accessing hidden and hard-to-reach populations: Snowball research strategies. Social Research Update, 33(1).
  • Balakrishnan, K., Harji, M. B., & Angusamy, A. (2021). Intercultural communication competence: well-being and performance of multicultural teams. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 21(2), 82–96. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v21i2.16
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Alquist, J. L. (2009). Is there a downside to good self-control? Self and Identity, 8(2-3), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860802501474
  • Chaturvedi, K., Vishwakarma, D. K., & Singh, N. (2021). COVID-19 and its impact on education, social life and mental health of students: A survey. Children and youth services review, 121, 105866.
  • Dong, H., Yang, F., Lu, X., & Hao, W. (2020). Internet addiction and related psychological factors among children and adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00751
  • Duckworth, A., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Self-control and grit: Related but separable determinants of success. Current directions in psychological science, 23(5), 319-325.
  • Elemo, A. S., & Türküm, A. S. (2019). The effects of psychoeducational intervention on the adjustment, coping self-efficacy and psychological distress levels of international students in Turkey. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 70, 7-18.
  • Elemo, A. S., Ahmed, A. H., Kara, E., & Zerkeshi, M. K. (2022). The Fear of COVID-19 and flourishing: assessing the mediating role of sense of control in international students. International journal of mental health and addiction, 20(4), 2408-2418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00522-1
  • Elemo, A. S., Kara, E., & Rostamzadeh, M. (2024). The fear of COVID-19 and flourishing: The mediating role of search for meaning and presence of meaning. Current Psychology, 43(16), 14871-14880.
  • Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European psychiatry: the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 63(1), e32. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
  • Fritz, M. S., & Mackinnon, D. P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. Psychological science, 18(3), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01882.x
  • Fujita, K. (2011). On conceptualizing self-control as more than the effortful inhibition of impulses. Personality and social psychology review: An official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc, 15(4), 352–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311411165
  • Gebhard, J. G. (2012). International students’ adjustment problems and behaviors. Journal of International Students, 2(2), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v2i2.529
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Gómez-García, G., Ramos-Navas-Parejo, M., de la Cruz-Campos, J. C., & Rodríguez-Jiménez, C. (2022). Impact of covid-19 on university students: An analysis of its influence on psychological and academic factors. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(16), 10433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610433
  • Hagger, M. S., Smith, S. R., Keech, J. J., Moyers, S. A., & Hamilton, K. (2021). Predicting physical distancing over time during COVID-19: Testing an integrated model. Psychology and Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1968397
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). The PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS (version 2.13)[Software].
  • Hofmann, W., Rauch, W., & Gawronski, B. (2007). And deplete us not into temptation: Automatic attitudes, dietary restraint, and self-regulatory resources as determinants of eating behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(3), 497–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2006.05.004
  • Huang, L., Kern, M. L., & Oades, L. G. (2020). Strengthening university student wellbeing: Language and perceptions of chinese international students. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(15), 5538. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155538
  • Jamshaid, S., Bahadar, N., Jamshed, K., Rashid, M., Imran Afzal, M., Tian, L., Umar, M., Feng, X., Khan, I., & Zong, M. (2023). Pre- and post-pandemic (covid-19) mental health of international students: data from a longitudinal study. Psychology research and behavior management, 16, 431–446. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S395035
  • K Nahar, V., K Wells, J., E Davis, R., C Johnson, E., W Johnson, J., & Sharma, M. (2020). Factors associated with initiation and sustenance of stress management behaviors in veterinary students: Testing of multi-theory model (MTM). International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(2), 631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020631
  • Kim, H. R., & Kim, E. J. (2021). Factors associated with mental health among international students during the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(21), 11381. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111381
  • Lissak, G. (2018). Adverse physiological and psychological effects of screen time on children and adolescents: Literature review and case study. Environmental research, 164, 149-157.
  • Martin, J. N., & Nakayama, T. K. (2010). Intercultural communication and dialectics revisited. The handbook of critical intercultural communication, 59-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444390681.ch5
  • Meleady, R., Seger, C. R., & Vermue, M. (2021). Evidence of a dynamic association between intergroup contact and intercultural competence. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(8), 1427–1447. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430220940400
  • Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., ... & Caspi, A. (2011). A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the national Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 2693-2698. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010076108
  • Naderifar, M., Goli, H., & Ghaljaie, F. (2017). Snowball sampling: A purposeful method of sampling in qualitative research. Strides in Development of Medical Education, 14(3).
  • Némethová, I. (2014). Building intercultural competence through language education. Economica, 7(4), 148-157.
  • Neuliep, J. (2019). Anxiety, uncertainty, and intercultural communication. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication (https://oxfordre.com/communication). https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.506
  • Phinney, J. S. (2003). Ethic identity and acculturation. In K. M. Chun, P. Balls Organista, & G. Marín (Eds.), Acculturation: Advances in theory, measurement, and applied research (pp. 63–81). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10472-006
  • Popa, D., Nechita, F., Liu, Y., & Wei Lee Chin, S. (2021). Linking positive psychology and intercultural competence by movies: Evidence from Brunei and Romania. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 750904. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.750904
  • Puteikis, K., Mameniškytė, A., & Mameniškienė, R. (2022). Sleep quality, mental health and learning among high school students after reopening schools during the covid-19 pandemic: Results of a cross-sectional online survey. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(5), 2553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052553
  • Righetti, F., & Finkenauer, C. (2011). If you are able to control yourself, I will trust you: the role of perceived self-control in interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(5), 874. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021827
  • Romijn, B.R., Slot, P.L., & Leseman, P.P. (2021). Increasing teachers’ intercultural competences in teacher preparation programs and through professional development: A review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 98, 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103236
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 141-166.
  • Schwarzenthal, M., Schachner, M. K., Juang, L. P., & Van De Vijver, F. J. (2020). Reaping the benefits of cultural diversity: classroom cultural diversity climate and students’ intercultural competence. European Journal of Social Psychology, 50 (2), 323–346. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2617
  • Singh, S., & Balhara, Y. P. S. (2021). "Screen-time" for children and adolescents in COVID-19 times: Need to have the contextually informed perspective. Indian journal of psychiatry, 63(2), 192–195. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_646_20
  • Spector, P. E., & Brannick, M. T. (2009). Common method variance or measurement bias? The problem and possible solutions. The Sage handbook of organizational research methods, 346-362.
  • Stewart-Brown, S., Tennant, A., Tennant, R., Platt, S., Parkinson, J., & Weich, S. (2009). Internal construct validity of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): a Rasch analysis using data from the Scottish Health Education Population Survey. Health and quality of life outcomes, 7, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-7-15
  • Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of personality, 72(2), 271–324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
  • Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., ... & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health and Quality of life Outcomes, 5(1), 1-13.
  • Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005-2017. Journal of abnormal psychology, 128(3), 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
  • Wiseman, R. L. (2002). Intercultural communication competence. In W. B. Gudykunst & B. Moody (Eds.), Handbook of international and intercultural communication (2nd ed., pp. 207–224). Sage.
  • World Health Organization. (2004). Promoting mental health: Concepts, emerging evidence, practice: Summary report. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/42940/9241591595.pdf
  • Yeasmin, N., T. Koivurova, T., & Heikkilä, E. (2019). A perceived change in intercultural behavior: Analyzing self-determination for well-being among youth. International Journal of Sociology, 49(4), 298-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2019.1639405
  • Zhai, Y., & Du, X. (2020). Addressing collegiate mental health amid COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry research, 288, 113003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113003
  • Zhao, G., Xie, F., Luo, Y., Liu, Y., Chong, Y., Zhang, Q., & Wang, W. (2022). Effects of self-control on subjective well-being: examining the moderating role of trait and state motivation. Frontiers in psychology, 12,774148. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.774148
  • Zheng, M., Peng, K., Yan, W., Lin, Y., Ni, Z., & Zhang, P. (2022). Self-control protects Tibetan adolescent orphans from mental problems: A mediating role of self-esteem. Journal of adolescence, 94(2), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12025
  • Zia, A. (2020). "Exploring factors influencing online classes due to social distancing in COVID-19 pandemic: a business students perspective", International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 37 (4), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2020-0089
  • Zotzmann, K. (2015). Increased understanding and empathy through intercultural training? The case of Alelo’s virtual cultural awareness trainer for military personnel. In F. Dervin, & R. Machart (Eds.), Cultural essentialism in intercultural relations. Palgrave Macmillan

Investigating the Role of Self-Control in the Link Between Intercultural Communication Competence and Mental Well-Being

Year 2026, Volume: 16 Issue: 80, 115 - 126, 27.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1669746
https://izlik.org/JA72PK66AU

Abstract

This study investigates the role of self-control in the link between intercultural communication competence and mental well-being of international students in the post-pandemic period. A cross-sectional study, carried out using snowball sampling, enrolled a total of 226 international students studying in Türkiye. The Brief Self-Control Scale, Intercultural Communication Competence Scale and Short Warwick-Edinburgh, The Mental Well-being Scale were used. Findings show that, in the sample of international students, self-control significantly mediates the connection between intercultural communication competence and mental wellness. International students who keep their intercultural communication competency while studying abroad seem to benefit their mental well-being from the adaptive functioning of their self-control. The study suggests that mental health practitioners should take self-control into account when attempting to promote the mental well-being of international students.

References

  • Antwi, C. O., Belle, M. A., Ntim, S. Y., Wu, Y., Affum-Osei, E., Aboagye, M. O., & Ren, J. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic and international students’ mental health in china: age, gender, chronic health condition and having infected relative as risk factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 7916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137916
  • Arasaratnam, L. A. (2009). The development of a new instrument of intercultural communication competence. Journal of Intercultural Communication, (20). 2–21. http://www.immi.se/intercultural/
  • Atkinson, R., & Flint, J. (2001). Accessing hidden and hard-to-reach populations: Snowball research strategies. Social Research Update, 33(1).
  • Balakrishnan, K., Harji, M. B., & Angusamy, A. (2021). Intercultural communication competence: well-being and performance of multicultural teams. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 21(2), 82–96. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v21i2.16
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Alquist, J. L. (2009). Is there a downside to good self-control? Self and Identity, 8(2-3), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860802501474
  • Chaturvedi, K., Vishwakarma, D. K., & Singh, N. (2021). COVID-19 and its impact on education, social life and mental health of students: A survey. Children and youth services review, 121, 105866.
  • Dong, H., Yang, F., Lu, X., & Hao, W. (2020). Internet addiction and related psychological factors among children and adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00751
  • Duckworth, A., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Self-control and grit: Related but separable determinants of success. Current directions in psychological science, 23(5), 319-325.
  • Elemo, A. S., & Türküm, A. S. (2019). The effects of psychoeducational intervention on the adjustment, coping self-efficacy and psychological distress levels of international students in Turkey. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 70, 7-18.
  • Elemo, A. S., Ahmed, A. H., Kara, E., & Zerkeshi, M. K. (2022). The Fear of COVID-19 and flourishing: assessing the mediating role of sense of control in international students. International journal of mental health and addiction, 20(4), 2408-2418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00522-1
  • Elemo, A. S., Kara, E., & Rostamzadeh, M. (2024). The fear of COVID-19 and flourishing: The mediating role of search for meaning and presence of meaning. Current Psychology, 43(16), 14871-14880.
  • Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European psychiatry: the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 63(1), e32. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
  • Fritz, M. S., & Mackinnon, D. P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. Psychological science, 18(3), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01882.x
  • Fujita, K. (2011). On conceptualizing self-control as more than the effortful inhibition of impulses. Personality and social psychology review: An official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc, 15(4), 352–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311411165
  • Gebhard, J. G. (2012). International students’ adjustment problems and behaviors. Journal of International Students, 2(2), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v2i2.529
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Gómez-García, G., Ramos-Navas-Parejo, M., de la Cruz-Campos, J. C., & Rodríguez-Jiménez, C. (2022). Impact of covid-19 on university students: An analysis of its influence on psychological and academic factors. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(16), 10433. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610433
  • Hagger, M. S., Smith, S. R., Keech, J. J., Moyers, S. A., & Hamilton, K. (2021). Predicting physical distancing over time during COVID-19: Testing an integrated model. Psychology and Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1968397
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). The PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS (version 2.13)[Software].
  • Hofmann, W., Rauch, W., & Gawronski, B. (2007). And deplete us not into temptation: Automatic attitudes, dietary restraint, and self-regulatory resources as determinants of eating behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(3), 497–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2006.05.004
  • Huang, L., Kern, M. L., & Oades, L. G. (2020). Strengthening university student wellbeing: Language and perceptions of chinese international students. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(15), 5538. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155538
  • Jamshaid, S., Bahadar, N., Jamshed, K., Rashid, M., Imran Afzal, M., Tian, L., Umar, M., Feng, X., Khan, I., & Zong, M. (2023). Pre- and post-pandemic (covid-19) mental health of international students: data from a longitudinal study. Psychology research and behavior management, 16, 431–446. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S395035
  • K Nahar, V., K Wells, J., E Davis, R., C Johnson, E., W Johnson, J., & Sharma, M. (2020). Factors associated with initiation and sustenance of stress management behaviors in veterinary students: Testing of multi-theory model (MTM). International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(2), 631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020631
  • Kim, H. R., & Kim, E. J. (2021). Factors associated with mental health among international students during the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(21), 11381. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111381
  • Lissak, G. (2018). Adverse physiological and psychological effects of screen time on children and adolescents: Literature review and case study. Environmental research, 164, 149-157.
  • Martin, J. N., & Nakayama, T. K. (2010). Intercultural communication and dialectics revisited. The handbook of critical intercultural communication, 59-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444390681.ch5
  • Meleady, R., Seger, C. R., & Vermue, M. (2021). Evidence of a dynamic association between intergroup contact and intercultural competence. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(8), 1427–1447. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430220940400
  • Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., ... & Caspi, A. (2011). A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the national Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 2693-2698. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010076108
  • Naderifar, M., Goli, H., & Ghaljaie, F. (2017). Snowball sampling: A purposeful method of sampling in qualitative research. Strides in Development of Medical Education, 14(3).
  • Némethová, I. (2014). Building intercultural competence through language education. Economica, 7(4), 148-157.
  • Neuliep, J. (2019). Anxiety, uncertainty, and intercultural communication. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication (https://oxfordre.com/communication). https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.506
  • Phinney, J. S. (2003). Ethic identity and acculturation. In K. M. Chun, P. Balls Organista, & G. Marín (Eds.), Acculturation: Advances in theory, measurement, and applied research (pp. 63–81). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10472-006
  • Popa, D., Nechita, F., Liu, Y., & Wei Lee Chin, S. (2021). Linking positive psychology and intercultural competence by movies: Evidence from Brunei and Romania. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 750904. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.750904
  • Puteikis, K., Mameniškytė, A., & Mameniškienė, R. (2022). Sleep quality, mental health and learning among high school students after reopening schools during the covid-19 pandemic: Results of a cross-sectional online survey. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(5), 2553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052553
  • Righetti, F., & Finkenauer, C. (2011). If you are able to control yourself, I will trust you: the role of perceived self-control in interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(5), 874. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021827
  • Romijn, B.R., Slot, P.L., & Leseman, P.P. (2021). Increasing teachers’ intercultural competences in teacher preparation programs and through professional development: A review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 98, 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103236
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 141-166.
  • Schwarzenthal, M., Schachner, M. K., Juang, L. P., & Van De Vijver, F. J. (2020). Reaping the benefits of cultural diversity: classroom cultural diversity climate and students’ intercultural competence. European Journal of Social Psychology, 50 (2), 323–346. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2617
  • Singh, S., & Balhara, Y. P. S. (2021). "Screen-time" for children and adolescents in COVID-19 times: Need to have the contextually informed perspective. Indian journal of psychiatry, 63(2), 192–195. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_646_20
  • Spector, P. E., & Brannick, M. T. (2009). Common method variance or measurement bias? The problem and possible solutions. The Sage handbook of organizational research methods, 346-362.
  • Stewart-Brown, S., Tennant, A., Tennant, R., Platt, S., Parkinson, J., & Weich, S. (2009). Internal construct validity of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): a Rasch analysis using data from the Scottish Health Education Population Survey. Health and quality of life outcomes, 7, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-7-15
  • Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of personality, 72(2), 271–324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
  • Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., ... & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health and Quality of life Outcomes, 5(1), 1-13.
  • Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005-2017. Journal of abnormal psychology, 128(3), 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410
  • Wiseman, R. L. (2002). Intercultural communication competence. In W. B. Gudykunst & B. Moody (Eds.), Handbook of international and intercultural communication (2nd ed., pp. 207–224). Sage.
  • World Health Organization. (2004). Promoting mental health: Concepts, emerging evidence, practice: Summary report. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/42940/9241591595.pdf
  • Yeasmin, N., T. Koivurova, T., & Heikkilä, E. (2019). A perceived change in intercultural behavior: Analyzing self-determination for well-being among youth. International Journal of Sociology, 49(4), 298-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2019.1639405
  • Zhai, Y., & Du, X. (2020). Addressing collegiate mental health amid COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry research, 288, 113003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113003
  • Zhao, G., Xie, F., Luo, Y., Liu, Y., Chong, Y., Zhang, Q., & Wang, W. (2022). Effects of self-control on subjective well-being: examining the moderating role of trait and state motivation. Frontiers in psychology, 12,774148. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.774148
  • Zheng, M., Peng, K., Yan, W., Lin, Y., Ni, Z., & Zhang, P. (2022). Self-control protects Tibetan adolescent orphans from mental problems: A mediating role of self-esteem. Journal of adolescence, 94(2), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12025
  • Zia, A. (2020). "Exploring factors influencing online classes due to social distancing in COVID-19 pandemic: a business students perspective", International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 37 (4), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2020-0089
  • Zotzmann, K. (2015). Increased understanding and empathy through intercultural training? The case of Alelo’s virtual cultural awareness trainer for military personnel. In F. Dervin, & R. Machart (Eds.), Cultural essentialism in intercultural relations. Palgrave Macmillan
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychological Counseling Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Aman Sado Elemo 0000-0002-8998-5082

Ergün Kara 0000-0002-6129-6787

Submission Date April 3, 2025
Acceptance Date August 29, 2025
Publication Date March 27, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1669746
IZ https://izlik.org/JA72PK66AU
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 16 Issue: 80

Cite

APA Elemo, A. S., & Kara, E. (2026). Investigating the Role of Self-Control in the Link Between Intercultural Communication Competence and Mental Well-Being. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 16(80), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1669746

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.