The Mouming Scale: Studies on the Validity and Reliability

Abstract

This study, has be en conducted to examine the validity and reliability analysis of Mouming Scale. Data-we obtained from the adolescents aged between 18-24 and lost their dose relatives in the years between 2000-2003. Mouming Scale which was devised by researcher consist in 35 items Likert-type scale format. The Cronbach alpha coefficient is .96. Stability coefficient is .84. The Beck Hopelessness Scale has been used to obtain homogenous scale validity (r= .80). The result of factor analysis showed instrument four factors which are physiological, cognitive, behavioral and emotional responds towards mouming. This findings indicate that the mouming scale is reliable and valid.

Keywords

• -

Yas Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Abstract

Bu çalisma, Yas Ölçegi 'nin geçerlik ve güvenirligini incelemek üzere yapilmistir. Çalisma 2000-2003 tarihleri arasinda birinci derecede yakinini kaybetmis üniversite düzeyindeki ögrenci gruplarindan elde edilen veriler üzerinde gerçeklestirilmistir. Yas Ölçegi 35 maddelik besli Likert tipi bir ölçektir. Ölçegin iç tutarliligini saptamak amaciyla hesaplanan Cronbach alfa katsayisi .96'dir. Testin tekrari yöntemi ile elde edilen güvenirlik kat sayisi .84 olarak bulunmustur. Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçegi ile yapilan benzer ölçekler geçerligi'in incelenmesinde iki ölçegin toplam puanlari arasinda bulunan iliski katsayisi r= .80'dir. Yapi geçerli amaciyla yapilan faktör analizi sonucunda dört faktör elde edilmistir. Bunlar yas karsisinda gösterilen fiziksel, bilissel, davranissal ve duygusal tepkilerdir. Elde edilen bulgular, ölçegin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek oldugunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• -

References

1. Adams, D.W., ve diğerleri, (1999). Children, adoles— cent and death: Myths, realities and chanllenges, Death Studies. 23, 5, 445-247.
2. Bonanno, G. A., ve Koltrrıan, S., (2001). The varie- ties of grief experience. Clinical Psychology Review. 21,5, 705- 734.
3. Büyüköztürk, Ş., (2002). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Yayıncılık. Ankara.
4. Çevik A., (2000). Yas ve Biyopsikososyal sonuçlar, 13—17 Haziran 2000 tarihinde Edirne’de yapılan 9. Anadolu Psikiyatri Günlerinde sunulan bildiri.
5. Dyregrov, A., (2000). Çocuk kayıplar ve yas, yetişkinler için el kitabı, Çev.,Gülden Güvenç, Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınlan, No:20, Ankara.
6. Kline, P., (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. UK: Routledge.
7. Lane, R. D., Jacobs, S. C., Mason, J. W., Wahby, V. .S .KasLS M yeast—eld. A .M ,( 19,81L‘SewjŞ'ececcesirpnm- .,.Iatıxaqu? .422212226 lactin change during mourning. Journal of Psychosomatic Re— search, 31, 3, 375—383.
8. Lewis, E. , (1979). Two hidden pnedisposing factors in child abuse. Child Abuse audNegIect, 3, 327-330.

9. Marrone, R., (1999). Dying, Mouming and Spirituali- ty: A Psychological persfective, Death Studies, 23, 6, 495-499.
10. Marwit S. J., ve Carusa, S.S., (1998). Communicated support following loss: Examining the experiences of parental death and parental divorce in adolence. Death Studies, Apti May; 22, 3, 237-255.
11. McGovern, M., ve Barry, M. M., (2000). Death edu- cation: Knowledge, attitudes, and perspectives of irish parents and teachers. Death Studies. 24, 325-333.
12. Noppe, 1. C., ve Noppe, L. D., (1997). Evolving meanings of death during early, middle and late adolescence. Death Studies. 21 , 3, 254.
13. Pector, E. A., ve Smith-Levitin, M., (2002). Mourning and psychological issues in multuple birth loss. Semin Neona- tal, ?, 247-256.
14. Savaşır, I., ve Şahin, N. H., (1992). Bilişsel davranışçı terapilerde değerlendirme: Sık kullanılan ölçekler. Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınlan, Ankara.
15. Şenkaya-Dildar, Feriha, (2000). Çocuklarda post trav- matik stres bozukluğu, 13—1 ?' Haziran 2000 tarihinde Edirne’de yapılan 9. Anadolu Psikiyatri Günlerinde sunulan bildiri.
16. Tavşancıl, E., (2002). Tummların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Nobel Yayınları, Ankara.
17. Volkan, VD. (1970), Typical Şndings in pathological grief. Pyschiatric Quarterly, 44:231-250.
18. Willis, C. A., (2002). The grieving process in chil- dren: Strategies for understanding, educating, and reconciling children’s preceptions of death. Early Childhood Education Vol.- HI No: 25
19. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance lanma S UMMARY
20. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOURNING SCALE Seher Balcı Çelik*
21. Mouming is an individual psycho—biological respond occurring when the beloved are lost. Mourning is a kind of ad- aptation and development process which is formed inside the individual to outside loses. As one of the indispensable fact of live, the loss of the beloved affects individual in a different way. The pattern of this effect is dependent upon the relationship be— tween the individual and lost loved one. The individuals who lose their Şrst close relatives usually have various psychological problems. Therefore, they need psychological help.
22. The aim of this research is the development of a reli- able and validity measurement instrument to determine the re- sponse levels displayed by persons who face loved ones lost. METHODS
23. I became an unsociable person’), In conclusion, the results of
24. this study provide evidence for continued development of the
25. Mourning Scale as a psychometrically sound measure of avail—
26. able mourning in lose.
27. Following the loss, post-traumatic stress disorder is detected, especially arising from external factors. Post—traumat— ic disorders have four characteristic, such as re experiencing the trauma, the outcome of the repetitive behaviors, the formation of trauma based fears, the change in the attitude and behavior,
28. ‘Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü — Kurupelit—Samsun towards life itself. Taking all these characteristic in order to Şnd out from which of these the individual is affected most a mourn- ing scale can be used. Besides that, girls and boys can be given a separate group therapy. Taking cognitive-behavioral therapy as the basis, the feelings of anxiety and helplessness can be con- trolled. Moreover, they can be helped to raise their self worth.
29. Yazar Notu: Verilerin toplanmasında yardımcı olan lisans
30. öğrencilerim Şafak UZUN ve Adnan DEMİRCİ ile Yüksek
31. Lisans öğrencim Eray DEMİRDİŞ’e teşekkür ederim.