Research Article

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN TERRORISM AND RADICALIZATION: THE EXAMPLE OF AL-QAEDA

Volume: 4 Number: 2 June 28, 2025
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PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN TERRORISM AND RADICALIZATION: THE EXAMPLE OF AL-QAEDA

Abstract

There are many psychological and sociological reasons that push and pull people to become members of terrorist organizations and radicalized through violence. Maslow (1943), who created the theory of the hierarchy of needs, states that physiological, security, love and belonging, esteem, cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualization and self-transcendence needs are individual and psychological factors that motivate people to seek methods to satisfy these needs. Apart from these, Webber and Kruglanski (2017), who created 3N approach, state that narratives and group dynamics are sociological factors that affect terrorism processes. As a result of the psychological and sociological dynamics examined by using the discourse analysis method on the published letters of the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization using these two theories, it has been seen that psychological processes such as meeting people's basic needs, feeling safe both physically and psychologically, the need for family and belonging, the motivation to gain importance, the need to interpret and make sense of events in order to harmonize their thoughts, the search for beauty and naturalness, the search for identity and the need to reach transcendence are effective in attending the organization and radicalization through violence. Moreover, when examined from a sociological perspective, it has been determined that the factors that legitimize violence, such as selected traumas and victories, quoting from religious books and dehumanization, as well as the systematic structure of the organization, ensuring consensus and integrating with group identity, are effective in the phenomenon of terrorism.

Keywords

References

  1. Beyoğlu, B. (2025). Terörizm ve Radikalleşmede Psikolojik ve Sosyolojik Faktörler: El-Kaide Örneği. Terörizm ve Radikalleşme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), ss. 186-222. DOI: 10.61314/traddergi.1673740

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Terrorism in International Relations

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 28, 2025

Submission Date

April 10, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 11, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 4 Number: 2

APA
Beyoğlu, B. (2025). TERÖRİZM VE RADİKALLEŞMEDE PSİKOLOJİK VE SOSYOLOJİK FAKTÖRLER: EL-KAİDE ÖRNEĞİ. Terörizm Ve Radikalleşme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 186-222. https://doi.org/10.61314/traddergi.1673740