THE IMPACT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: AN ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER AND CANDIDATE COUNTRIES

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: IERFM 2025 Özel Sayı, 37 - 58, 14.03.2025

Sevilay Konya

https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1514575

Abstract

This study's purpose is to research the effect of energy efficiency, economic growth and globalization on the ecological footprint for the period 2000-2020 in 29 member and candidate countries of the European Union. Therefore, in our study, the cointegration link among energy efficiency, economic growth, globalization and ecological footprint was investigated with Pedroni and Westerlund cointegration tests. Following cointegration tests, coefficient estimation was made with the extended mean group (AMG) and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimators. For causality relationships, Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality tests were applied. As a result of cointegration tests, it was found that the variables were cointegrated. As a result of the estimators, it was determined that energy efficiency reduces the ecological footprint and economic growth increases it. It has been specified that the impact of globalization on energy efficiency is positive but insignificant. In consequence of the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test, a bidirectional positive causality relationship emerged between energy efficiency and ecological footprint. In this regard, policymakers for the countries subject to analysis should follow economic policies that take energy efficiency and environmental basis into consideration.

Keywords

Energy efficiency, Ecological Footprint, Economic Growth, Environmental Sustainability

ENERJİ VERİMLİLİĞİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜMENİN ÇEVRESEL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: AVRUPA BİRLİĞİNE ÜYE VE ADAY ÜLKELER ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Avrupa Birliği’ne üye ve aday 29 ülkede 2000-2020 dönemi için enerji verimliliği, ekonomik büyüme ve globalleşmenin ekolojik ayak izi üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda enerji verimliliği, ekonomik büyüme, globalleşme ve ekolojik ayak izi arasındaki eşbütünleşme bağlantısı Pedroni ve Westerlund eş bütünleşme testleri ile araştırılmıştır. Eşbütünleşme testlerinin ardından genişletilmiş ortalama grup (AMG) ve ortak bağıntılı etkiler ortalama grup (CCEMG) tahmincileri ile katsayı tahmini yapılmıştır. Nedensellik ilişkisi için Dumitrescu ve Hurlin nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Eşbütünleşme testlerinin sonucunda ise değişkenlerin eşbütünleşik olduğu bulunmuştur. Tahmincilerin sonucunda ise ekolojik ayak izini enerji verimliliğinin azalttığı, ekonomik büyümenin ise artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Globalleşmenin enerji verimliliği üzerindeki etkisinin pozitif ancak anlamsız olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dumitrescu ve Hurlin nedensellik testi sonucunda, enerji verimliliği ve ekolojik ayak izi arasında çift yönlü pozitif nedensellik ilişkisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu doğrultuda analize konu olan ülkeler için politika yapıcılar enerji verimliliği ve çevre temelini göz önüne alan ekonomi politikaları izlemelidir.

Keywords

Enerji verimliliği, Ekolojik ayak izi, Ekonomik Büyüme, Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik

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