BETWEEN ELITISM AND SANCTUARY: THE STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS IN TURKIYE
Abstract
This study examines the current situation and main challenges faced by international schools in Türkiye within a context of educational transformation and migration-driven diversification. Adopting a qualitative case study design, data were obtained from structured interviews with 65 founders and founder representatives of international schools operating at different levels and in various provinces. Descriptive analysis was used to code and categorise the data into themes. The findings show that international schools are hybrid institutions located between national regulations and global expectations. Administratively, schools struggle with student registration, transfer, graduation and equivalency procedures, as well as complex and lengthy work-permit processes for foreign teachers. Pedagogically, Turkish language learning and socio-cultural adaptation emerge as critical issues for students’ academic achievement and social integration. Parents expect schools simultaneously to preserve cultural identity and provide access to internationally recognised diplomas, which creates tensions in school–family communication and school governance. The study concludes that clearer legal frameworks, streamlined bureaucratic procedures, sustained Turkish language support and stronger collaboration between international and Turkish schools are needed to enhance institutional legitimacy and improve the quality of education in international schools in Türkiye.
Keywords
- education policy in Türkiye
- instutional legitimacy
- international schools
- migration
- school governance
- socio-cultural adaptation
Supporting Institution
Ethical Statement
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Education Management
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
April 25, 2026
Submission Date
December 5, 2025
Acceptance Date
January 11, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 16 Number: 2