YETİŞKİNLERDE BENLİK SAYGISI VE AFFETME: MERHAMETİN ARACI ROLÜNÜN İNCELENMESİ
Year 2022,
Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 851 - 862, 30.05.2022
Hacer Yıldırım
,
Hasan Batmaz
,
Yazgülü Ayşe Özyurt Uysal
,
Emin Kurtuluş
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, (a) yetişkinlerin benlik saygısı, affetme ve merhamet düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri, (b) benlik saygısı ile affetme arasında merhametin aracı rolünün olup olmadığını incelenmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 17-45 yaş aralığında 216’sı kadın (%74,2) ve 75’i (%25,8) erkek olmak üzere toplam 291 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle bütün değişkenlere ilişkin betimsel istatistikler hesaplanmış, değişkenler arası ilişkiler Pearson Çarpım Momentler Korelasyon analizi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Aracılık analizleri Preacher ve Hayes’in önerileri doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dolaylı etkilerin anlamlılığını incelemek için Preacher ve Hayes’in bootstrapping prosedürü kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada 10000 bootstrap yapılarak bootstrap katsayısı ve güven aralıkları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, benlik saygısı ile affetme arasındaki ilişkide merhametin kısmi aracı etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Merhamet, benlik saygısının affetme üzerindeki etkisinin düşmesinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir.
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- Levinson, D.J. (1986). A conception of adult development. American Psychologist41(1) ,3-13.
- Lutz, A., Brefczynski-Lewis, J., Johnstone, T. & Davidson, R. C. (2008). Regulation of the neural circuitry of emotion by compassion meditation: effects of meditative expertise.PloS ONE, 3 (3), 1-10.
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Year 2022,
Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 851 - 862, 30.05.2022
Hacer Yıldırım
,
Hasan Batmaz
,
Yazgülü Ayşe Özyurt Uysal
,
Emin Kurtuluş
References
- Akdeniz, S. ve Deniz, M. (2016). Merhamet Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 4(1), 50-61.
- Arslan, S. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarında kişilerarası tarz, affetme ve evlilik tutumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
- Aydemir, M. & Bayram, N. (2016). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile yalnızlık, kendini affetme ve kendini sevme değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi,1,81-88.
- Babin, B.J., Zhuang, W. & Borges, A. (2021). Managing service recovery experience: Effects of the forgiveness for older consumers. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58.
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- Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self- esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1–44.
- Bayat, B. (2005). Örgüt içerisindeki rol ve işlevleri bakımından “orta kademe” yöneticileri. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(3), 1-13.
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- Brown, R.P. & Phillips, A. (2005). Letting bygones be bygones: further evidence for the validity of the tendency to forgive scale. Personality and Individual Differences ,38, 627-638.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2020). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı: İstatistik. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.
- Cha, M. (2016). The mediation effect of mattering and self-esteem in the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and depression: Based on the social disconnection model. Personality and Individual Differences,88, 148-159.
- Cokley, K., Stone-Sabali, S., Krueger, N. ve Bailey, M. (2018). Self-esteem as a mediator of the link between perfection is mand the impostor phenomenon. Personality and İndividual Differences, 135(1), 292-297.
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- Enright, R. D. (1996). Counseling within the forgiveness triad: On forgiving, receiving forgiveness, and self forgiveness. Counseling and Values, 40(2), 107-126.
- Enright, R. D. (2001). Forgiveness is a choice: A step by step process for resolving anger and restoring hope. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Erikson, E.H. (1984).İnsanın Sekiz Çağı(Çev. T.B Üstün ve V.Şar). Ankara: Birey ve Toplum
- Ersanlı, K. ve Vural-Batik, M. (2015). Development of theforgivenessscale: A study of reliabilityandvalidity. Turkish Studies-International PeriodicalfortheLanguages, LiteratureandHistory of TurkishorTurkic, 10(7), 19-32.
- Flavell, H. J. (1970). Life -Span Developmenthal Psychology. Research and Theory.
- Fraenkel, J.R.,Wallen, N.E. &Hyun H.H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th edt.), New York: McGram-HillCompanies.
- Fredrickson, B.L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K.A., Pek, J. & Finkel, S.M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: positive emotions, ınduced through loving-kindness meditation, build personal resources, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,95(5), 1045-1062.
- Gilbert, P. (2009). Introducing compassion-focused therapy. Advances in psychiatric treatment, 15, 199-208.
- Gu, J., Cavanagh, K., Baer, R. & Strauss, C. (2017). An empirical examination of the factor structure of compassion.PloS ONE, 12(2), 1-17.
- Gündüz, Ö. (2014). Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Affetmeyi Yordayan Değişkenlerin Belirlenmesi, Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
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- Havighurst, R.J. (1972).Developmental Tasks and Education,(3.baskı) New York: David McKayCompany.
- Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introductiontomediation, Moderation, AndConditionaLprocess Analysis: Methodology İn TheSocialSciences. New York: TheGuilfordPress.
- Karasar, N. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel Yayınları: Ankara.
- Karremans, J.C., Van Lange, P.A.M. & Holland, R. W. (2005). Forgiveness and ıts associations with prosocial thinking, feeling, and doing beyond the relationship with the offender. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(10), 1315-1326.
- Kirby, J.N., Tellegen, C.L., Steindl, S. R. (2017). A Meta-Analysis of compassion-based ınterventions: current state of knowledge and future direction. Behavior Therapy ,48 (6), 778-
- Krause, H.V., Baum, K. ,Baumann, A. &Krasnova, H. (2019). Unifying the detrimental and beneficial effects of social network site use on self-esteem: a systematic literature review. Media Psychology,24(1),10-47.
- Lawler-Low, K. A. & Piferi, R.L. (2006). The forgiving personality: Describing a life well lived? Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 1009-1020.
- Levinson, D.J. (1986). A conception of adult development. American Psychologist41(1) ,3-13.
- Lutz, A., Brefczynski-Lewis, J., Johnstone, T. & Davidson, R. C. (2008). Regulation of the neural circuitry of emotion by compassion meditation: effects of meditative expertise.PloS ONE, 3 (3), 1-10.
- Maltby,J., Macaskill,A., ve Day, L. (2001). Failure to forgive self and others:Areplication and extension of the relationship between forgiveness, personality, social desirability and general health. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(5), 881-885.
- Meydancı, R. (2017).Sahte benlik algısının evlilikte suçu affetme üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi.İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- Neff, K.D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223-250.
- Orcutt, H. K. (2006). The prospective relationship of ınterpersonal forgiveness and psychological distress symptoms among college women. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 350-361.
- Orellano-Rios, C.L., Radbruch, L., Kern, M. Regel, Y.U., Anton, A., Sinclair, S. ... Schmidt, S. (2017). Mindfulness and compassion-oriented practices at work reduce distress and enhance self-care of palliative care teams: a mixed-method evaluation of an “on the job“ program. BMC Palliative Care, 17 (1):3,1-15.
- Orth, U. & Robins, R.W. (2014). The development of self-esteem.Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(5), 381-387.
Oti- Boadi, M., Dankyi, E. & Kwakye Nuako, C. O. (2020). Stigma and forgiveness in ghanaian mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders (asd). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,50, 1391-1400.
- Özkan, İ. A. & Özen, A. (2008). Öğrenci hemşirelerde boyun eğici davranışlar ve benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişki. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 7(1), 53-58.
- Pepping, C.A., O' Donovan, A. & Penelope, J.D. (2013). The positive effects of mindfulness on self-esteem, The Journal of Positive Psychology: Dedicated to furthering research and promoting good practice,8(5), 376-386.
- Pommier, E. A. (2011). The compassion scale. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A:Humanities and Social Sciences, 72, 1174.
- Pope, A.M., McHale,S.M. (1988).Self-Esteem Enhancement with Children and Adolescents. New York: Pergamon Press.
- Preacher,K.J.& Hayes, A. F. (2008). A symptotican dresampling strategies for assessing and comparing in directeffects in multiple mediator models Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891.
- Puskar, K.R., Bernardo, L.M., Ren, D., Haley, T.M., Tark, K. H., Switala, J. ...Siemon, L. (2010). Self-esteem and optimism in rural youth: gender differences. Contemporary Nurse, 34(2), 190-198.
- Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 17(3), 423–434.
- Roxas, M.M., David, A.P. & Caligner, E.C. (2014). Examining the relation of compassion and forgiveness among filipino counselors. Asian Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 3 (1), 53-62.
- Rye, M.S., Loiacono, D. M., Folck, C.D., Olszewski, B.T., Heim, T.A. & Madia, B.P. (2001). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of two forgiveness scales. Current Psychology, 20(3), 260-277.
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