Growth Based on Education and Innovation: An AARDL Analysis for Türkiye
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of education and innovation on economic growth in Türkiye using annual data from 1990 to 2023. The stationarity of the variables was examined using the ADF and PP unit root tests. The Bai-Perron test was used to identify structural breaks, and breaks were detected in 2001 and 2008. Cointegration between the variables was investigated using the AARDL model, and the existence of a cointegration relationship was determined. Long-term estimation results showed that capital, labor, education, and innovation positively affect economic growth. Short-term results showed that the innovation variable has a positive effect on economic growth. Furthermore, the break years 2001 and 2008 included in the model were found to be statistically significant. The results highlight the importance of education and innovation-focused policies for sustainable economic growth. They also indicate that innovation and education, which increase the productivity of labor and capital, can be important policy tools. Alongside the basic growth factors, policies that improve education and innovation can increase the productivity of labor and capital, thus directly driving economic growth.
Keywords
education, Innovation, Economic Growth, Applied Macroeconometrics
Ethical Statement
As the study utilizes publicly available secondary data, ethics committee approval is not required.
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