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Orta Karadeniz’de (Türkiye) Mezgit Balığının Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sömürülme Oranı

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 20 - 26, 01.11.2017

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Orta Karadeniz’de mezgit populasyonunun balıkçılık baskısına maruz kalıp kalmadığının belirlenmesi için boy, ağırlık, yaş ve ölüm oranları gibi güncel bilgileri sağlamaktadır. Toplam 1495 mezgit bireyi Eylül 2016-Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında Sinop limanına getirilen ticari kıyı uzatma ağları ve troller tarafından yakalanmış balıklardan aylık olarak örneklenmiştir. Mezgit bireylerinin toplam boy ve ağırlıkları 8,8 - 22,8 cm (ortalama: 14,97 ±0,04 cm), ve 5,3 g - 83,2 g (ortalama: 27,4 ±0,25 g) arasında değişmiştir. En fazla örneğin bulunduğu boy sınıfı 13-16 cm’dir. Çalışmada, incelenen örneklerin %89’u yasal boyun üzerindedir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi eşitliği W = 0.0113 × TL2.8656 (R2= 0.9243) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Orta Karadeniz’de mezgitin yaş grupları I ve IV arasında olup, yaş gruplarına göre ortalama boylar sırasıyla 13,7 ±0,23, 15,9 ±0,08, 18,2 ±0,16 ve 21,6 ±0,34 cm olarak belirlenmiştir. von Bertalanffy büyüme parametreleri L∞= 28,69 cm, K = 0,21 yıl-1, t0 = -1,91 yıl-1olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mezgitin ölüm (M, F ve Z) ve sömürme oranı (E) sırasıyla 0,502 yıl-1, 0,468 yıl-1, 0,970 yıl-1ve 0,48 yıl-1olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sömürme oranı ve minimum karaya çıkarma boyu mezgit populasyonları üzerine şimdilik bir aşırı avcılık baskısı olmadığını göstermektedir

References

  • Svetovidov, A.N. (1986). Gadidae. In: Whitehead PJP, Bauchot ML, Hureau JC, Nielsen J, Tortonese E, editors. Fishes of the North-Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol II. Paris, France: UNESCO, pp. 680-710.
  • Golani D, Öztürk B, Başusta N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Marine Research Foundation, Publication No. 24, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. Version (10/2016) adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Erdoğan Sağlam, N., Sağlam, C., (2012). Population parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus L., 1758) in the South-eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12: 831-839.
  • TUIK (2015). Fishery Statistics 2015. Available at www.tuik.gov.tr adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Pauly, D. (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks, 54 p., FAO Fisheries Circular No.729, Rome.
  • Gayanilo, F. C., Sparre, P., Pauly, D. (1994). The FAO-ICLARM stock assessment tools (FISAT) user’s guide, 186 p., FAO Computerized Information Series No.6, Rome.
  • TUIK (2010). Turkey’s Statistical Yearbook 2009, 466 p., Turkish Statistical Inst., Ankara.
  • Beverton, R. J. H., Holt, S. J., (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. UK Ministry Agriculture and Fisheries, Fish. Invest. 19: 533.
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics, 265 p., Ondokuz Mayıs Üniv. Sinop Su Ürünleri Fak. Yayın No.95 (in Turkish).
  • Pauly, D., Soriano, M. L. (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-perrecruit model, In: JL Maclean, LB Dizon, LV Hosillo (eds.). The First Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, pp. 491-496., Manila.
  • Sparre, P., Venema, S.C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessments. Part 1: Manual. FAO Fish Tech Paper 306/1 Rev. 2, Rome.
  • Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and length-weight relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 22: 241-253.
  • Çiloğlu, E., Şahin, C., Zengin, M., Genç, Y. (2001). Doğu Karadeniz, Trabzon-Yomra sahillerinde mezgit (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) balığının bazı populasyon parametreleri ve üreme dönemi tespiti. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 25:831-837.
  • İşmen, A., (2002). A preliminary study on the population dynamics parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus) in Turkish Black Sea coastal waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 26: 157-166.
  • Samsun, N., Erkoyuncu, İ., (1998). Sinop yöresinde (Karadeniz) dip trolleri ile avlanan mezgit balığının (Gadus merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) balıkçılık biyolojisi yönünden bazı parametrelerinin araştırılması. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 15: 19-31.
  • Göksungur, E., Erdem, Ü., 2005. Biology of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea (turkey). The 7th Balkan Conference on Opertaional Research. “BACOR 05” Constanta, May 2005, pp.1-13, Romania.
  • Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S., Samsun, O., (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and midwater trawl from the Middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 7: 33-36.
  • Ak, O., Kutlu, S., Aydın, İ., (2009). Length-weight relationship for 16 fish species from the Eastern Black Sea, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 9: 125-126.
  • Samsun, S., (2010). 2001-2003 av sezonunda Orta Karadeniz’deki mezgit balığının (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) bazı populasyon parametrelerinin belirlenmesi. Fırat Üniv Fen Bil Dergisi 22: 47-54.
  • Yankova, M., Pavlov, D., Raykov, V., Mihneva, V., Radu, G., (2011). Length-weight relationships of ten fish speciesfrom the Bulgarian Black Sea waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 35(2): 265-270.
  • Özdemir, S., Duyar, H.A., (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International journal of chemical, environmental and biological science 1: 405-407.

Exploitation Rate of Whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Central Black Sea, Turkey

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 20 - 26, 01.11.2017

Abstract

This study provides some actual information such as length, weight, age and mortality rates of whiting population in the Central Black Sea in order to detect whether fishing pressure or not. A total of 1495 whitings from the Central Black Sea were monthly collected from commercial coastal gillnet and bottom trawl fisheries, which have landed at Sinop fishing ports between September 2016 and January 2017. Total length and weight of whiting specimens were ranged from 8.8 cm to 22.8 cm (average: 14.97 ±0.04 cm), and 5.3 g to 83.2 g (average: 27.4 ±0.25 g). The samples grouped densely between 13 and 16 cm length. In this study, 89% of all samples are over legal size. The LWR equation was W = 0.0113 × TL2.8656 (R2= 0.9243). Age groups of whiting in the Central Black Sea were between I and IV. Mean lengths according to age groups (I, II, III and IV) were 13.7 ±0.23, 15.9 ±0.08, 18.2 ±0.16 and 21.6 ±0.34, respectively. Also, von Bertalanffy Growth Parameters were L∞ = 28.69 cm, K = 0.21 year-1, t0 = -1.91 year-1. Mortalities (M, F and Z) and exploitation rate (E) of whiting from the Central Black Sea were 0.502 year-1, 0.468 year-1, 0.970 year-1 and 0.48 year-1, respectively. The rates of exploitation and minimum landing size indicate that there is no overfishing on whiting population in the area for the time being.

References

  • Svetovidov, A.N. (1986). Gadidae. In: Whitehead PJP, Bauchot ML, Hureau JC, Nielsen J, Tortonese E, editors. Fishes of the North-Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol II. Paris, France: UNESCO, pp. 680-710.
  • Golani D, Öztürk B, Başusta N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Marine Research Foundation, Publication No. 24, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. Version (10/2016) adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Erdoğan Sağlam, N., Sağlam, C., (2012). Population parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus L., 1758) in the South-eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12: 831-839.
  • TUIK (2015). Fishery Statistics 2015. Available at www.tuik.gov.tr adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Pauly, D. (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks, 54 p., FAO Fisheries Circular No.729, Rome.
  • Gayanilo, F. C., Sparre, P., Pauly, D. (1994). The FAO-ICLARM stock assessment tools (FISAT) user’s guide, 186 p., FAO Computerized Information Series No.6, Rome.
  • TUIK (2010). Turkey’s Statistical Yearbook 2009, 466 p., Turkish Statistical Inst., Ankara.
  • Beverton, R. J. H., Holt, S. J., (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. UK Ministry Agriculture and Fisheries, Fish. Invest. 19: 533.
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics, 265 p., Ondokuz Mayıs Üniv. Sinop Su Ürünleri Fak. Yayın No.95 (in Turkish).
  • Pauly, D., Soriano, M. L. (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-perrecruit model, In: JL Maclean, LB Dizon, LV Hosillo (eds.). The First Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, pp. 491-496., Manila.
  • Sparre, P., Venema, S.C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessments. Part 1: Manual. FAO Fish Tech Paper 306/1 Rev. 2, Rome.
  • Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and length-weight relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 22: 241-253.
  • Çiloğlu, E., Şahin, C., Zengin, M., Genç, Y. (2001). Doğu Karadeniz, Trabzon-Yomra sahillerinde mezgit (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) balığının bazı populasyon parametreleri ve üreme dönemi tespiti. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 25:831-837.
  • İşmen, A., (2002). A preliminary study on the population dynamics parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus) in Turkish Black Sea coastal waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 26: 157-166.
  • Samsun, N., Erkoyuncu, İ., (1998). Sinop yöresinde (Karadeniz) dip trolleri ile avlanan mezgit balığının (Gadus merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) balıkçılık biyolojisi yönünden bazı parametrelerinin araştırılması. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 15: 19-31.
  • Göksungur, E., Erdem, Ü., 2005. Biology of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea (turkey). The 7th Balkan Conference on Opertaional Research. “BACOR 05” Constanta, May 2005, pp.1-13, Romania.
  • Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S., Samsun, O., (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and midwater trawl from the Middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 7: 33-36.
  • Ak, O., Kutlu, S., Aydın, İ., (2009). Length-weight relationship for 16 fish species from the Eastern Black Sea, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 9: 125-126.
  • Samsun, S., (2010). 2001-2003 av sezonunda Orta Karadeniz’deki mezgit balığının (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) bazı populasyon parametrelerinin belirlenmesi. Fırat Üniv Fen Bil Dergisi 22: 47-54.
  • Yankova, M., Pavlov, D., Raykov, V., Mihneva, V., Radu, G., (2011). Length-weight relationships of ten fish speciesfrom the Bulgarian Black Sea waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 35(2): 265-270.
  • Özdemir, S., Duyar, H.A., (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International journal of chemical, environmental and biological science 1: 405-407.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Other ID JA43AT42HM
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Samsun This is me

Okan Akyol This is me

Publication Date November 1, 2017
Submission Date November 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Samsun, O., & Akyol, O. (2017). Exploitation Rate of Whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Central Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 3(1), 20-26.

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