Türkiye Kıyılarındaki Küçük Ölçekli Balıkçılıkta Birim Çaba Başına Düşen Av Miktarının (CPUE) Mekansal ve Zamansal Değişimi

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 253 - 262, 01.12.2025

Hakkı Dereli , Erdal Üstündağ , Hüseyin Akbaş , Mustafa Agah Tekindal

https://doi.org/10.52998/trjmms.1677532

Abstract

ÖZET
Balıkçılığa bağlı birim çaba başına düşen av miktarı (CPUE) değerleri, balıkçılıktan bağımsız araştırmaların yüksek maliyeti nedeniyle stok bolluğunun değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir göstergedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye kıyılarındaki küçük ölçekli balıkçılığın (SSF) balıkçılık çabası ve CPUE değerlerindeki mekansal (Karadeniz, Marmara Denizi, Ege Denizi ve Akdeniz) ve zamansal (2016-2022) değişimlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, SSF'ye yönelik uygulanan destek kapsamında Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı'nın 2017-2023 yılları arasında tuttuğu kayıtlar retrospektif olarak incelenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Balıkçılık çabası (yılda balıkçılık gün sayısı) ve CPUE (kg/gün ve kg/kW/gün) değerleri tüm deniz ve segmentler (yıl ve deniz) için hesaplanmış ve istatistiksel karşılaştırmalar tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye küçük ölçekli balıkçılığüında CPUE hesaplamasına motor gücünü (kW) dahil eden ilk çalışmadır. Balıkçılık gün sayısında 2016-2022 yılları arasında 32 gün azalma olmuş, yıllar ve denizler arası farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p < 0,001). 2022 yılında tüm denizlerde 2016 yılına göre daha yüksek CPUE (kg/gün) değerleri elde edilmiştir (p < 0,05). Tüm yıllarda en yüksek CPUE (kg/gün) değerleri Karadeniz'de, en düşük değerler ise Ege Denizi'nde elde edilmiştir (p < 0,001). Tüm denizler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde CPUE (kg/kW/gün) 2016 yılına göre 2022 yılında %7 azalmıştır. Balıkçılık gün sayısı önceki dönemlere göre daha düşük, CPUE (kg/gün) ise daha yüksektir.
Anahtar sözcükler: Küçük ölçekli balıkçılık, CPUE, Karadeniz, Ege Denizi, Akdeniz

Keywords

Küçük ölçekli balıkçılık , CPUE , Karadeniz , Ege Denizi , Akdeniz

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) in Small-Scale Fisheries Along the Turkish Coast

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Fishery-dependent catch per unit effort (CPUE) values are an important indicator for assessing stock abundance due to the high cost of fishery-independent research. In this study, it was aimed to determine the spatial (Black Sea, Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea) and temporal (2016-2022) changes in the fishing effort and CPUE values of small-scale fisheries (SSF) along the Turkish coast. In the study, the records kept by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry between 2017 and 2023 within the scope of the support implemented for SSF were retrospectively examined and analyzed. The fishing effort (fishing days per year) and CPUE (kg/day and kg/kW/day) values were calculated for the whole sea and segments (year and sea), and statistical comparisons were made with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study was the first to include engine power (kW) in the calculation of CPUE in Turkish SSF. The fishing days decreased by 32 days from 2016 to 2022 and the differences between the years and between the seas were statistically significant (p < 0.001). While higher CPUE (kg/day) values were obtained in 2022 compared to 2016 in all seas (p < 0.05). The highest CPUE (kg/day) values in all years were in the Black Sea, and the lowest values were in the Aegean Sea (p < 0.001). The CPUE (kg/kW/day) for the whole sea decreased by 7% in 2022 compared to 2016. Fishing days per year was lower and the CPUE (kg/day) were higher compared to the previous periods.
Keywords: Small-scale fisheries, CPUE, Black Sea, Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea

Keywords

Small-scale fisheries , CPUE , Black Sea , Aegean Sea , Mediterranean Sea

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that this study was conducted in accordance with ethics committee procedures of human or animal experiments.

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

-

References

• Akyol, O., Ceyhan, T., Düzbastılar, F.O., Ertosluk, O. (2024). Catch Composition and Catch Per Unit Effort of Small-scale Fisheries on the Coasts of the Bodrum Region (Güllük Bay, South-eastern Aegean Sea). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 24 (9): TRJFAS25819. doi: 10.4194/TRJFAS25819
• Anonymous (2016). Communiqué No. 4/1 on the Regulation of Commercial Fisheries (Communiqué No: 2016/35). Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Resmi Gazete, (No. 29800 and dated 13 August 2016). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/08/ 20160813-17.pdf (in Turkish)
• Anonymous (2020). Communiqué No. 5/1 on the Regulation of Commercial Fisheries (Communiqué No: 2020/20). Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Resmi Gazete, (No. 31221 dated 22 August 2020). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2020/08/ 20200822-8.pdf (in Turkish)
• Anonymous (2023). Communiqué on Support for Small-Scale Fisheries (Communiqué No: 2022/56). Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Resmi Gazete, (No. 32072 dated 13 January 2023). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2023/01/20230113-4.htm (in Turkish)
• Berkes, F. (1986). Local-Level Management and the Commons Problem. A Comparative Study of Turkish Coastal Fisheries. Marine Policy, 10 (3): 215–229. doi: 10.1016/0308-597X(86)90054-0.
• Berkes, F., Mahon, R., McConney, P., Pollnac, R., Pomeroy, R. (2001). Managing small-scale fisheries. Alternative directions and methods. Ottawa: IDRC.
• Birkan, R., Öndes, F. (2020). Socio-economic characteristics of small-scale fisheries in the Aegean Sea, Turkey (eastern Mediterranean). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50 (3): 257–268.
• GDFA (2023). Fisheries Statistics. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Ankara. (in Turkish)
• Dereli, H., Tekindal, M.A. (2023). Evaluation and reporting of data obtained within the scope of small-scale fishing support, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Ankara. 290 s. (in Turkish)
• Dereli, H., Tosunoğlu, Z., Göncüoğlu, H., Ünal, V. (2015). Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and catch composition of small scale fisheries in Gökova Bay. Ege Journal of Fisheries Aquaculture Science, 32(3): 135-143. doi: 10.12714/egejfas.2015.32.3.03
• Ducharme-Barth N.D., Grüss, A., Vincent, M.T., Kiyofuji, H., Aoki, Y., Pilling, G., Hampton, J., Thorson, J.T. (2022). Impacts of fisheries-dependent spatial sampling patterns on catch-per-unit-effort standardization: a simulation study and fishery application. Fisheries Research, 246, 106169.
• FAO (2022a). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome, FAO. doi: 10.4060/cc0461en
• FAO (2022b). The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2022. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome. doi: 10.4060/cc3370en
• Farrugio, H. (2015). Current situation of small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Strategies and methodologies for an effective analysis of the sector. Pp. 15–43. In: Srour, A., Ferri, N., Bourdenet, D., Fezzardi, D. & Nastasi, A. (eds.) First regional symposium on sustainable small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Sea, 27–30 November 2013, Saint Julian’s, Malta. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Proceedings No. 39.
• Gianelli, I., Horta, S., Martínez, G., de la Rosa, A., De-feo, O. (2018). Operationalizing an ecosystem approach to small-scale fisheries in developing countries: The case of Uru-guay. Marine Policy, 95: 180–188. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.03.020
• Göktürk, D., Deniz, T. (2017). Development of sustai-nable small-scale fisheries management in Turkey. Journal of Aquaculture and Marine Biology, 6(1): 00142. doi: 10.15406/jamb.2017.06.00142
• Karakulak, F.S., Kahraman, A.E., Uzer, U., Gül, B., Doğu, S. (2023). Effects of mucilage on the fisheries in the Sea of Marmara. In: Mucilage Problem in the Sea of Marmara. Albay, M. (ed.). Istanbul, Istanbul University Press, pp. 1-9.
• Naesje, T.F., Hay, C.J., Nickanor, N., Koekemoer, J., Strand, R., Thorstad, E.B. (2007). Fish populations, gillnet catches and gillnet selectivity in the lower Orange River, Namibia, from 1995 to 2001. NINA Report No: 231.
• Nishida, T., Chen, D.G. (2004). Incorporating spatial autocorrelation into the general linear model with an application to the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) longline CPUE data. Fisheries Research, 70, 265–274.
• Skalski, J.R., Ryding, K.E., Millspaugh, J.J. (2005). Analysis of population indices. In John RS, Kristen E.R. & Joshua, J.M. (eds), Wildlife Demography. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, pp. 359–433.
• Ulman, A., Pauly, D. (2016). Making history count: The shifting baselines of Turkish fisheries. Fisheries Research, 183, 74-79.
• United Nations (2023). Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
• Ünal, V. (2003). Socio-Economic Analysis of Part-Time Small-Scale Fishing, Foça (Aegean Sea). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 20(1-2): 165-172. (in Turkish)
• Ünal, V., Franquesa, R. (2010). A comparative study on socio‐economic indicators and viability in small‐scale fisheries of six districts along the Turkish coast. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 26(1), 26-34.
• Ünal, V., Tıraşın, E.M., Tosunoğlu, Z. (2022). An ecosystem approach to fisheries management for small-scale fisheries in Gökova marine protected area, Turkey: Challenges encountered during the transition process. In: Transition towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea - Lessons learned through selected case studies. Vasconcellos, M. & Ünal, V. (eds.). Rome, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 681. pp. 117-136.
• Ünal, V., Ulman, A. (2020). The Current Status and Challenges Facing the Small-Scale Fisheries of Turkey. p. 83-103. In: Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe: Status, Resilience and Governance, J. J. Pascual-Fernández et al. (eds.), MARE Publication Series 23, Switzerland. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-37371-9_5