PROFESYONELLEŞMEDEN MEŞRUİYET KRİZİNE SOSYOLOJİNİN KULLANIMI

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 14, 130 - 160, 10.07.2017

Anıl Mühürdaroğlu

Abstract

Sosyolojinin bir disiplin olarak
kuruluşu ve kurumsallaşması on dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonlarında gerçekleşmekle
birlikte sosyolojinin profesyonelleşmesi İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası dönemi
buldu. Sosyolojinin profesyonelleşmesini takiben, sosyolojik bilginin
meşruiyeti sosyolojinin siyasa yapımıyla ilişkisi bağlamında sorgulandı. Bilgi
üreticilerinin kurumlarla ilişkisi yerine bilgi üretiminin kendi kurumsal altyapısına
odaklanan görüşlerin yaygınlaşması ile birlikte sosyolojinin bilimsel statüsü
üzerine yürütülen tartışmalar yeni bir boyut kazandı. Bu süreçte sosyoloji
açısından yeni bir sorunun kaynağı, kendi bilimselliğini ölçmek için referans
aldığı pozitif bilimlerin yaşadığı statü kaybıydı. Bu çalışmada öncelikle
sosyolojinin profesyonelleşmesinin modernitenin kurumsal altyapısı ile ilişkisi
ele alınacak, ardından 1970’lerle birlikte hem bu altyapının, hem de bilimsel
bilginin meşruiyetine dair yeni tartışmaların sosyolojinin disipliner kimliği
ve meşruiyeti açısından ortaya çıkardığı yeni sorunlar irdelenecek, son olarak
bu tartışmalara dair son yıllardaki öneriler değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

sosyolojinin kullanımı, disiplinler-arasılık, epistemik kültür, disipliner kimlik, profesyonelleşme, bilimsel meşruiyet

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