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Stagnating the Life: Modern Wisdom in Fernando Pessoa's The Book of Disquiet

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 25, 293 - 306, 30.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1166080

Abstract

This article aims to draw attention to the existence of a common ground on which modern artist and modern thinker come close to each other in articulating a uniquely modern urgency, which gives shape to a new understanding of wisdom. Departing from the role often assigned to the poets/prose writers as the “stagnators of life” in the ages of turmoil, the article examines The Book of Disquiet, owned by Bernardo Soares, the semi-heteronym of Portuguese writer and poet Fernando Pessoa, as a collection of fragments that stage crucial moments of stagnation. After underlining how modernist literature has often been viewed as a separate realm from the devastating socio-political developments of the twentieth century, it exemplifies some experimenting gestures of the so-called “wise” artist through an analysis of The Book of Disquiet. The analysis focuses on the co-existence of poetry and prose, the exteriorization of interior experience via the notion of landscape, and the idea that life can best be observed from a distance after it is fully stopped. Drawing on literary readings of Walter Benjamin, Maurice Blanchot, and Paul de Man, the article aims to show that The Book of Disquiet, like the works of such poet/prose writers as Rilke and Kafka, illustrates how the destiny of modern artist, unlike that of modern world, was to break with the teleological concerns of daily life in favor of capturing life in its reality.

References

  • BENJAMIN, Walter (1985a). “Some Reflections on Kafka” in Illuminations, Trans. By Harry Zohn, Schocken Books, New York, 141-145.
  • BENJAMIN, Walter (1985b). “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” in Illuminations, Trans. by Harry Zohn, Schocken Books, New York, 217-251.
  • BLAIR, Sara (1999). “Modernism and the Politics of Culture” in The Cambridge Companion to Modernism. Ed. Michael Levenson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 157-173.
  • BLANCHOT, Maurice (1989). The Space of Literature. Trans. Ann Smock, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln and London. DE MAN, Paul (1979). “Tropes (Rilke)” in Allegories of Reading, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 20-56.
  • GIL, José (1988). Fernando Pessoa ou la métaphysique des sensations, Éditions de la Différence, Paris.
  • GOLDMAN, Jane (2004). Modernism, 1910-1945: Image to Apocalypse, Palgrave MacMillan, New York.
  • LOPES, Teresa Rita (1990). Pessoa por Conhecer, 2 volumes, Editorial Estampa, Lisbon.
  • PESSOA, Fernando (1982). Livro do Desassossego, 2 volumes, Ed. Maria Alhiete Galhoz and Teresa Sobral Cunha, preface and organization by Jacinto do Prado Coelho, Ática, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2001). The Selected Prose of Fernando Pessoa, Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Grove Press, New York.
  • ______ (2003). The Book of Disquiet. Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Penguin Books, New York.
  • ______ (2010). Livro do Desasocego, 2 volumes, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro, Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Moeda, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2013). Eu Sou Uma Antologia: 136 Autores Fictícios, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro and Patricio Ferrari, Tinta-da-China, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2017). The Book of Disquiet, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro, trans. Margaret Jull Costa, A New Directions Book, New York.
  • ZENITH, Richard (2003). “Introduction” in Fernando Pessoa, The Book of Disquiet, Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Penguin Books. vii- xxvi.

Hayatı Durağanlaştırmak: Huzursuzluğun Kitabı'nda Modern Bilgelik

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 25, 293 - 306, 30.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1166080

Abstract

Sanatçıların ve düşünürlerin modern zamanlara özgü bir aciliyeti dile getirirken birbirlerine yaklaştıkları ortak zemine dikkat çekmeyi amaçlayan bu makale, söz konusu aciliyetin yeni bir bilgelik anlayışı doğurduğunu öne sürüyor. Çalkantılı dönemlerde şair ve yazarlara biçilen “hayat durağanlaştırıcısı” rolü Pessoa’nın yarı-heteronimi olarak bilinen Bernardo Soares’in sahiplendiği Huzursuzluğun Kitabı üzerinden ele alınıyor. Modernist edebiyatı yirminci yüzyılın yıkıcı toplumsal ve siyasi gelişmelerinden bağımsızlaştıran anlayışa dair kimi örnekler ortaya konduktan sonra, Huzursuzluğun Kitabı’na yakından bakılıyor ve “bilge” sıfatına layık görülen sanatçının deneysel hamlelerinden örnekler sunuluyor. Çözümlemenin odağında şiir-nesir birlikteliği, içsel deneyimin manzara mefhumuyla dışsallaştırılması ve yaşamın ancak tamamen durdurulduğunda gerçek anlamda gözlemlenebileceği fikri yer alıyor. Walter Benjamin, Maurice Blanchot ve Paul de Man’ın edebiyat yorumlarından yararlanan makale, Huzursuzluğun Kitabı’nın, Rilke ve Kafka gibi şair/yazarların yapıtlarına benzer biçimde, günlük yaşamın teleolojik kaygılarından kopmuş, hayatı kendi gerçekliği içinde yakalamaya çalışan bir sanatçı imgesi çizdiğini göstermeyi amaçlıyor.

References

  • BENJAMIN, Walter (1985a). “Some Reflections on Kafka” in Illuminations, Trans. By Harry Zohn, Schocken Books, New York, 141-145.
  • BENJAMIN, Walter (1985b). “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” in Illuminations, Trans. by Harry Zohn, Schocken Books, New York, 217-251.
  • BLAIR, Sara (1999). “Modernism and the Politics of Culture” in The Cambridge Companion to Modernism. Ed. Michael Levenson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 157-173.
  • BLANCHOT, Maurice (1989). The Space of Literature. Trans. Ann Smock, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln and London. DE MAN, Paul (1979). “Tropes (Rilke)” in Allegories of Reading, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 20-56.
  • GIL, José (1988). Fernando Pessoa ou la métaphysique des sensations, Éditions de la Différence, Paris.
  • GOLDMAN, Jane (2004). Modernism, 1910-1945: Image to Apocalypse, Palgrave MacMillan, New York.
  • LOPES, Teresa Rita (1990). Pessoa por Conhecer, 2 volumes, Editorial Estampa, Lisbon.
  • PESSOA, Fernando (1982). Livro do Desassossego, 2 volumes, Ed. Maria Alhiete Galhoz and Teresa Sobral Cunha, preface and organization by Jacinto do Prado Coelho, Ática, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2001). The Selected Prose of Fernando Pessoa, Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Grove Press, New York.
  • ______ (2003). The Book of Disquiet. Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Penguin Books, New York.
  • ______ (2010). Livro do Desasocego, 2 volumes, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro, Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Moeda, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2013). Eu Sou Uma Antologia: 136 Autores Fictícios, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro and Patricio Ferrari, Tinta-da-China, Lisbon.
  • ______ (2017). The Book of Disquiet, Ed. Jerónimo Pizarro, trans. Margaret Jull Costa, A New Directions Book, New York.
  • ZENITH, Richard (2003). “Introduction” in Fernando Pessoa, The Book of Disquiet, Ed. and trans. Richard Zenith, Penguin Books. vii- xxvi.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hakan Atay 0000-0002-0829-4619

Publication Date January 30, 2023
Submission Date August 23, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 25

Cite

APA Atay, H. (2023). Stagnating the Life: Modern Wisdom in Fernando Pessoa’s The Book of Disquiet. Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(25), 293-306. https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1166080